SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI
ACCOUNT RECEIVABLES
BUSINESS PROCESS
AND CASH SALES
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Learning Objective 1
Describe the customer account
management business process.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Customer Account Management
Business Process
The customer account management
business process includes accounts
receivable processing through
the collection of customer
payments on account.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Customer Account Management
Business Process
Accounts receivable also
maintains customer credit and
payment history information.
This information is essential in
the customer order management
business process.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Customer Account Management
Business Process
A subsidiary ledger of individual
accounts is maintained, with a
control account in the general ledger.
Remittance advices are routed
from the cash receipts functions.
Credit memos and other invoice adjustments
are routed from the billing department.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Customer Account Management
Business Process
There are two basic approaches to
an accounts receivable application.
What are these approaches?
1. Open-item processing
2. Balance-forward processing
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Learning Objective 2
Illustrate controls that apply to
accounts receivable processing.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Controls in the Accounts
Receivable Business Process
Customer
Receiving
Returned
goods
Cash
Receipts
Accounts
Receivable
Remittance
advices
Remittance
advices
Control
total
Post
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
General
Ledger
Control
total
Controls in the Accounts
Receivable Business Process
Receiving
Credit
Billing
Invoices
Independent Approve
count
sales return
Sales return Sales return
memo
memo
Accounts
Receivable
General
Ledger
Control
totals
Control
totals
Journal
voucher
Sales return
memo
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Journal
voucher
Controls in the Accounts
Receivable Business Process
Customer
Credit
Aged trial
balance
Billing
Periodic
processing
Credit
memo
Statements
Accounts
Receivable
Aged trial
balance
Credit
memo
Post
Statements
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Write-Off Accounts Receivable
The basic feature in a write-off process
is an analysis of past-due accounts.
This is usually done with an
aged trial balance report.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Write-Off Accounts Receivable
Treasurer
Write-off
memo 1
Credit
Accounts
Receivable
Aged trial
balance
Aged trial
balance
Write-off
memo 1
Write-off
memo 1
Write-off
memo 3
Worthless
account list
Worthless
account list
2
General
Ledger
Control
total of
write-offs
Internal
Audit
Control
total of
write-offs
3
File
Confirmation of write-off sent to customer
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Cash-Received-On-Account
Business Process
A cash-received-on-account business
process is used when there is an
existing customer account balance.
Cash received on account typically
comes into a business through the
mail or is paid in person to a
central cashier or a cash window.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Cash-Received-On-Account
Business Process
Customer payments should
always be acknowledged.
The recorded receivable that exists
prior to the payment enhances
control over payments received.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Cash-Received-On-Account
Business Process
The major control feature of cash-receivedon-account business process is the
separation of the following functions:
Mailroom
Cash receipts
Accounts receivable
General ledger
Bank
Internal audit
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
CASH-RECEIVED-ON-ACCOUNT BUSINESS PROCESS
MAILROOM
CUSTOMERS
REMITTANCES
ON ACCOUNT
OPEN
MAIL
REMITTANCE
ADVICES
PREP.
REMITT.
LIST
A
Separate Checks &
Remittance Advices
CHECKS
ENDORSE
& TOTAL
B
CASH-RECEIVED-ON-ACCOUNT BUSINESS PROCESS
MAILROOM
A
B
REMITTANCE
ADVICES
CHECKS
REMITTANCE
LIST
FORWARD
TO A/R
C
CONTROL
TOTAL
FORWARD
TO CASH
RECEIPTS
APPROVE
REMITT
LIST
REMITTANCE
ADVICES
CONTROL
TOTAL
D
File by Date
ACCOUNT RECEIVABLE
The remittance advice are posted to the accounts
receivable ledger. The postings to the ledger are totaled.
The control total is balanced to the remittance list. The
agreement of these amounts is approved. The
remittance advices are sorted and filed by customer. The
remittance list and a copy of the control total of posting is
filed by date. A copy of the control total is forwarded to
the general ledger.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
GENERAL LEDGER
The journal voucher from cash receipts and the control
total received from accounts receivable are compared. The
amounts are then posted to the general ledger. The source
of posting the general ledger is the cashier’s journal
voucher notification of the amount of the deposit of the
payments received. This amount must reconcile with the
total of items posted to the accounts receivable ledger. The
journal voucher and the control total are file by date.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
EXERCISE
BANK:
The bank accepts the deposit and validates a copy of the deposit
slip. The validated copy of the deposit slip is returned to the internal
audit and filed by date.
INTERNAL AUDIT:
Internal audit receives the periodic bank statement. An independent
bank reconciliation is an important control in a cash-received-onaccount business process.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Lock-Box Collection Systems
It is the time between the signing of the
payment check by the customer and the
moment the firm has use of the funds.
A lock-box system reduces the float by
having the checks deposited to a firm’s
account before the firm processes them.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Cash Sales Business Process
The significant difference between a cash
sales business process and a cash-receivedon-account business process is that there
is no previous asset record in a cash
sales business process.
Cash sales are recorded in a cash register or
other secure device to provide documentation.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Cash Sales Business Process
It is a general term used to describe
procedures in which the customer
acts as a control over the initial
documentation of a transaction.
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
Cash Sales Business Process
What are some of these procedures?
Pricing in such a way that
the customer expects change
Awarding a customer free
items if the receipt has a mark
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood
PERTANYAAN ???
 2004 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, by Bodnar/Hopwood