Cardiovascular System
Blood Vessels
Circulatory System: Blood Vessels
Blood Vessel Circuits
 Pulmonary Circuit
Rt. Ventricle
Lungs
Lf. Atrium
 Systemic Circuit
Lf. Ventricle
Body Organs
Rt. Atrium
Blood Vessel Types
Blood Vessel Order, Type, Location
Blood Vessel Connections
Blood Vessels in Hemostasis
Blood Vessel Histology
Artery Types
Elastic artery
Muscular Artery
Artery and Vein
Artery, Vein, Nerve [VAN]
Artery and Vein Compared
Muscular (distributing) arteries / veins
Arteriole
Microcirculation
Capillary
 Types
 Continuous
 Fenestrated
 Sinusoidal
/Discontinuous
 Function
Capillary Types
Blood Brain Barrier
Fenestrated Capillaries
kidneys
lungs
Blood Vessels: Capillary vs. A. / V.
N
A
V
A
A = artery
V = vein
N = nerve
N
capillary
Valves
Skeletal Muscle Pumps
Vascular (venous) sinuses
 Define
 Examples
Dural sinuses
Coronary Sinus
Varicose Veins
Pulmonary Circuit
Pulmonary Circuit Route








Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Trunk
Rt./Lf. Pulmonary aa
Rt./Lf. Pulmonary
arterioles
Rt./Lf. Pulmonary
capillaries
Rt./Lf. Pulmonary venules
Rt./Lf. Pulmonary veins
Left Atrium
Systemic Circuit
Aortic Arch: Human Specimen
Artery and Vein Generalized
Aortic Arch Branches
Blood Vessels and Nerves of the arm
Carotid and Vertebral Arteries
External Carotid Artery Branches
Carotid Arteries and Vagus Nerve
Circle of Willis
Cerebral Blood Supply from Willis
Basilar and Internal Carotid Arteries
Sheep Brain Specimen
Abdominal Aorta
Arterial Pathways Summarized
Venous Return from Upper Body
Venous Drainage from Brain
Venous Return from the Lower Body
Posterior
Anterior
Posterior
Anterior
Pulse Points
 Identify major pulse
point areas
 Define pulse
 Define pulse pressure
 How does pulse
relate to CO?
 Determine Blood
pressure
Special Circulations
 Anastomosis
Heart
Brain
Kidney
 Portal Systems
Liver
Hypothalamus
 Fetus
Anastomosis
 Define
 Types
Arterial
Venous
Surgical
 Function
Collateral circulation
Coronary Circuit
 Ascending Aorta
 Right Coronary Artery
 Posterior Interventricular
a.
 Marginal a.
 Left Coronary Artery
 Anterior Interventricular a.
 Circumflex a.
 Cardiac Veins
 Great
 Middle
 Small
 Coronary Sinus
 Rt. Atrium
Heart Circulation on Models
Brain Circulation
Arterial Anastomoses
Renal and Liver Circulation Overview
Renal
Hepatic Portal System
Hypophyseal Portal System
Gut Circulation & Hepatic Portal System
Fetal Circulation
Dissection Specimens
Thorax
Thorax and Neck
Abdomen
Front Limb
Hind Limb
Blood Flow
 Formula
 BF = ^P / R
 Define Terms
 BF
 Pressure
 Resistance
 Factors
 BF
 Oxygen theory
 Myogenic theory
 BP = CO x PR
 Neural
 Hormonal
 Renal
 R : 8Ln / pi x r to 4th power
 Length
 Viscosity
 Radius
Blood Flow
Resistance, Pressure, Velocity
 Peripheral Resistance
Vascular diameter
 Most resistance in
small vessels
Vascular Length
Viscosity
Turbulence
 Rough surface
Change in Vessel Diameter
Blood Pressure
Blood Pressure Factors
 Neural
 Baroreceptors
 ANS
 Vasomotor centers
 Cardiac center
 Chemical
 Hormonal
 ADH
 ANP
 EPO
 Gases: pO2, pCO2
 Renal
Renal Blood Pressure Controls
Problems
 Hemorrhage
 Circulatory Shock
Compensatory
Progressive
Irreversible
Fluid Compartments
Fluid Percentage for ECF and ICF
Capillary Flow
Pressures at Capillary
 Source
Heart = Hydraulic [Hydrostatic; changing]
Colloid = Albumin [from liver, constant]
 Location
BV = Capillary [or blood]
Tissue Spaces = Interstitial
 4 pressures as a result of source + location
CHP
COP
IHP
IOP
Fluid Compartments
Fluid Movement
E.M. photo of a Capillary
Capillary Exchange
Hydrostatic Pressure (HP)
Outward force
BP from heart directly effects
Forces fluid to leave (arterial end) capillary 
ISCF
Osmotic Pressure (OP)
Pulling force
Proteins in plasma
Forces fluid from ISCF  capillary (venous
end)
Capillary Dynamics
Net Pressures
CHP > COP causing filtration
CHP = COP causing no net movement
CHP < COP causing absorption
IHP is fluid left over from previous CO
cycle. Usually zero due to lymphatics
IOP is fluid left over due to solids not
reclaimed by COP. Usually not a factor
due to lymphatic system.
Capillary Dynamics Summary
Renal Circulation in capillary dynamics
Capillary Dynamic Changes
Problems
Hypertension
aneurysm
atherosclerosis
Metastasis
Questions?