Competent
Person
Novice
Competent
Person
Novice
Competent
Person?
Interviews
• JORC Code
Experts
• Resource
Geologists
Online Survey/
Questionnaire
• Range of experience
• Range of expertise
• Range of commodities
• Range of contexts
• Build on Statistical
Reasoning Research
JORC Code
Competent
Persons
Assessment
• Based on Statistical
Reasoning Research
• Industry reality check
• Rasch Analysis
Compete
Competent
nt
Persons
Persons
A Competent Person is …
A mining industry professional
who has a mature ability to reason across the JORC Code*,
Competent
Persons
can provide a reasoned analysis of the risks in a project
and is able to communicate the material risks (without exclusion)
to their peers, management, the board of directors and investors
(*including all respective items in Table 1)
Interviews
• JORC Code
Experts
• Resource
Geologists
Online Survey/
Questionnaire
• Range of experience
• Range of expertise
• Range of commodities
• Range of contexts
• Build on Statistical
Reasoning Research
JORC Code
Competent
Persons
Assessment
• Based on Statistical
Reasoning Research
• Industry reality check
• Rasch Analysis
Compete
Competent
nt
Persons
Persons
Scores
scaled to
Logits
Person
ability
score
Question
difficulty
score
Question references
– aligned with difficulty scores
Item
Difficulty
> 1.0
0.3 to
1.0
-1.0 to
0.3
< -1.0
Reasoning Level
High Order Mining
Reasoning
Description
High order consideration
of mining context and
estimation purpose
Mining Context
Connection of process to
Reasoning
mining context
Process Reasoning
Foundation
Reasoning
Lower level linking of task
to process
The basics preparation
knowledge in resource
estimation
Item
Higher
JORC Code
Reasoning
in line with experts’
expectations
Difficulty
> 1.0
0.3 to
1.0
-1.0 to
Lower/emerging
JORC Code
Reasoning levels
0.3
< -1.0
Reasoning Level
High Order Mining
Reasoning
Description
High order consideration
of mining context and
estimation purpose
Mining Context
Connection of process to
Reasoning
mining context
Process Reasoning
Foundation
Reasoning
Lower level linking of task
to process
The basics preparation
knowledge in resource
estimation
JORC Code Competence
“Competence requires that the Public Report be based on work
that is the responsibility of suitably qualified and experienced persons
who are subject to an enforceable professional code of ethics.”
• Minimum 5 years of relevant experience
• Member of recognised professional body
• Confident to defend an estimate among peers
I am sufficiently
competent to report
under JORC Code
Guidelines
Experience in years …
Minimum 5 years’ Mining Industry
Minimum 5 years Estimation
Statistic
Experience
Experience
T-Value
-1.25
-2.18
p-Value
0.218
0.008
Not Significantly Different
Significantly Different
Significance
at
Confidence Level
95%
Minimum of 5 years’ Resource Estimation experience increases JORC Code Reasoning levels
Mining Industry Experience ~ 10 years
Level
T-Value
-2.70
P-Value
0.010*
*p-value < 0.05 so is significantly different from zero
Less than a minimum of 10 years’ mining industry experience
Is associated with lower levels of JORC Code Reasoning levels
Membership of Professional Institute
Statistic
Membership
T-Value
-1.21
p-Value
0.232
Significance
at
Confidence Level
95%
Not Significantly Different
Membership grade (Fellow or not)
Statistic
Fellow Member
T-Value
1.81
p-Value
0.078
Significance
at
Confidence Level
95%
Not Significantly Different
Chartered Professional Status
Statistic
Chartered Professional
T-Value
0.42
p-Value
0.676
Significance
at
Confidence Level
95%
Not Significantly Different
Self Assessment
Level
T-Value
5.42
P-Value
0.000*
*p-value < 0.05 so is significantly different from zero
Resource Geologists tend to over-estimate their own competency
1.Number of resource estimates generated
2.Number of commodities estimated
3.Number of reconciliation studies
4.Number of commodities for which reconciliation
studies have been conducted
21
Basis for “15-2-5” Criteria
Resource Geologists who have conducted fewer than 15 models have
not yet developed sufficient requisite JORC Code reasoning levels.
Resource Geologists who have generated estimates on across fewer than
2 commodities not yet developed sufficient requisite JORC Code
reasoning levels.
Resource Geologists who have conducted fewer than
5 reconciliations on their own estimates not yet developed sufficient
requisite JORC Code reasoning levels.
Combined Alternative Minimum Criteria
“15-2-5” Criteria
Combined Alternative Minimum “15-2-5” Criteria
Level
T-Value
3.66
P-Value
0.001*
*p-value < 0.05 so is significantly different from zero
Resource geologists who do not meet the minimum ‘15-2-5’ criteria,
and who do not have at least 10 years’ mining industry experience and at least 5 years’ resource estimation experience,
will not have developed sufficient JORC Code reasoning levels.
Sustained practical application
that includes learning from
consequences of corrected errors
over sufficient duration
Mineral Resource Reporting:
15-2-5 criteria
10 years’ mining industry experience
5 years’ resource estimation experience
Novice
Competent
Person
Competent
Person
15-2-5 Criteria NOT met
Novice
Experiences
15-2-5 Criteria met
High JORC Code Reasoning
JORC Code Reasoning developing
JORC Code Reasoning
Competent
Person
What is the
difference in
Competency
Development?
15-2-5 Criteria NOT met
Novice
Experiences
15-2-5 Criteria met
Scientific reasoning/thinking
At least one semester maths/stats
Competent
Person
High JORC Code Reasoning
JORC Code Reasoning
On site production experience (reconciliation)
Stint duration sufficient to
“learn from the consequences of corrected mistakes”
Several geological styles/scenarios
JORC Code Reasoning developing
Peer group learning network
High level of technical mentoring
Courses timed with onsite supported application
15-2-5 Criteria NOT met
Novice
Experiences
15-2-5 Criteria met
Competency Development Model
The JORC System
Four Vulnerabilities JORC system
1. Institute switching
2. Legal vulnerability
3. Confidentiality limits
firepower
4. Turnaround time
(volunteer structure)
Four Vulnerabilities JORC system
1. Institute switching
2. Legal vulnerability
Sanctioning Process
3. Confidentiality limits
firepower
4. Turnaround time
(volunteer structure)
Key contributions to today’s workshop
Professional Competency
and
Experience
Sanction Process
JORC Code Competency
• Chartered Professional
and RPGeo speak to
professional competency
• Does not imply JORC
Code Competency
• Duration measure is
insufficient
• Applied experience
• Number of applications
• Breadth and depth
• “Reconciliation”
experience
• Relationship between
“plan” - “action” –
“consequence”
• Sanctioning processes
make JORC System
vulnerable
Thank you to:
• Contributors (anonymous and known) to the research
and their organisations who allowed them time to participate
• JORC, AIG and AusIMM for their ongoing interest and engagement
• Industry peers and friends for their encouragement
• PhD supervisors
• Dr Peter Lilly
• Dr Llandis Barratt-Pugh