Dr. Sanjeev Gupta
Grasim Industries Limited- Chemical Division
International Conference on Sustainable Clean Ganga Mission 2015


Suspended solid
Dissolved solids
◦ Soluble organics
◦ Inorganic salts







Inorganic/Organic
colloids
Colour
COD
BOD
Microorganisms
Toxic Metals
Oil & Grease…..

Most of the industries in India are expanding their
production capacity to cope-up the increasing
demand of products with the same or marginally
higher water permit.

The industries are facing the task of handling the
increased organic load and pollutants concentration
in the effluent which is treated in the existing
biological process.

Different combinations of biological processes as
well as pre or post chemical treatment are followed
to meet the stringent discharge norms or reuse of
the treated water.
Wastewater
treatment
Physicochemical
treatment
Membrane
filtration
Oxidation
Ozone (O3)
H2O2+O3
Photocatalysis
Biological
treatment
Coagulation
flocculation
Adsorption
Hybrid
ASP+MBBR
ASP+Enzyme
Aerobic
Suspended
growth
MBR
ASP
LSB
Lagoon
Anaerobic
Attached
growth
Trickling
filter
MBBR
RBC
v1(Organic material) + v2O2 + v3NH3 +v4PO43Microorganisms
v5(new cell) + v6CO2 + v7H2O
5
Pre-treatment
 Capacity augmentation to bioprocesses
 Removal of recalcitrant toxic compounds
 Consistent
quality of wastewater to
biological process
 Stable
and better operation of bio
processes
Post Treatment
 100% assurance to meet the required
discharge norms
 Removal of non-biodegradable compounds
from treated wastewater
 Suitable for recycling/ reuse
Pulp and Paper
Seed sludge
 Secondary sludge from pulp and paper mill ETP
 Cow dung
Wastewater Combination
Substrate
CD
EOP
WBL
Starch
COD (mg/l)
200
190
330
100
Total 820
AOX (mg/l)
15
5
20
Flocculants
Nutrients
Effluent
Influent
Bar
screen
s
Primary
clarifier
Aeration basin
Secondary
clarifier
Diffused aeration
Waste
activated
sludge
Air
Primary
sludge
Recycled sludge
8
Reactor
Volume (l)
Process
HRT (h)
I
6.0
ASP
8.0
II A
9.5
LSB
12.0
IIB
6.0
ASP
8.0
IIIA
3.0
MBBR
4.0
IIIB
6.0
ASP
8.0
RI
RIIA
RIIB
RIIIA
RIIIB
ASP
LSB
ASP
MBBR
ASP
DO (mg/l)
HRT (h)
7.8±0.3
2.3±0.7
8.1±0.2
8.0±0.2
4.5±0.8
13.1±0.2
7.9±0.2
2.0±1.1
8.3±0.1
8.3±0.2
4.9±0.7
4.1±0.1
7.8±0.1
2.5±1.3
8.1±0.1
MLSS (g/l)
4.45±0.50
0.234
4.52±0.50
-
4.48±0.52
CODout (mg/l)
84.1±0.8
9±1
257±26
337±39
79.3±1.0
28±3
232±14
373±31
79.7±0.6
33±4
240±31
CODs reduction (%)
66.3±3.0
53.0±3.1
69.2±1.5
49.4±3.4
68.6±3.5
Colour reduction
40.5±1.6
27.0±5.4
43.1±8.0
11.8
36.3±5.8
AOX reduction (%)
41.6±4.6
33.8±1.0
47.1
36.7±3.3
37.1±6.5
Parameter
pH (outlet)
Organic (%)
SVI (ml/g)
Inlet PH: 7.0; COD: 754±28; Colour: 1676±134; AOX:16.1±0.6
RI
RII
RIII
Chemical Treatment
with
Coagulant and Flocculant





Dissolve charge (Cationic/ anionic thrash)
Zeta Potential
Colloidal nature
Floc size
Mechanism of liquid solid separation
√ Direct filtration
√ Sedimentation
√ Diffuse air flotation
√ Centrifuge
√ Hybrid
Color

Turbidity

Resins

Suspended solids

Recalcitrant organic compounds

Non biodegradable COD & TOC

Microbial contamination
Mostly Anionic in Nature

Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC)
Poly Aluminum Chloro Hydroxide (ACH)
Alum
Charge
Cationic
Nonionic
Anionic
Type
Amine
Quaternary
Polyalcohol
Amide
Carboxylic
Sulfonic
Example
Polyethyleneamine
hydrochloride
Polydiallyldimethylammonium
Polyvinylalcohol
Polyacrylamide
Polymethacrylic acid
Polyvinylsulfonate
The flocculants are generally high molecular weight polymer
compounds; may broadly be divided into three categories
Cationic
Copolymers of N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl Acrylate Methyl
Chloride Quaternary or N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl
Methacrylate Methyl Chloride Quaternary and acrylamide
Anionic
Copolymers of acrylamide and acrylic acid
Nonionic
Polymers of acrylamide
Colloidal
material
Coagulated
material
Flocculated
material
Flash
Mixing
Mild Mixing
Settling
Sample
LignoPAC
(mg/l)
Anionic
Flocculant
(mg/l)
COD
(mg/l)
Colour
(PCU)
Control
-
-
234
1050
200
0.5
129
200
-
-
260
1140
250
0.5
89
180
Set-1
Control
Set-2
Volume of sample treated: 5.0 l
Sample
Sludge
generation
(mg/l)
Organic
content (%)
TDS
(mg/l)
Control
-
-
1720
Set-1
201
40.3
1480
Control
-
Set-2
285
Calorific value
(kcal/kg)
2873
1810
40.6
Volume of sample treated: 5.0 l
1505
2510
Sample
LignoPAC Al added
(mg/l)
(mg)
Al (mg)
Sludge
(g)
Wastewater
Sludge
Set-1
200
98
1.005
ND
84.2
Set-2
250
123
1.425
ND
107.3
Volume of sample treated: 5.0 l
MBBR
Flocculants
DAF
Nutrients
Effluent
Influent
Bar
scree
ns
Primary
clarifier
Aeration basin
Secondary
clarifier
Diffused aeration
Waste
activated
sludge
Air
Primary
sludge
Recycled sludge
22
Thanks
Dr. Sanjeev Gupta
Assistant General Manager
Application support and product Development
Grasim Industries Limited- Chemical Division
sanjeev.p.gupta@adityabirla.com
+91 8154007555