The Checkride: How To Prepare And Ensure Your Success Or Mistakes, Myths and Misconceptions That Muck Up Applicants A PRESENTATION BY JEREMY G. SCHUSTER, ESQ., D.P.E., A.S.C. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. The Checkride What is it? Myth: A test the FAA uses to keep you from flying. Mistake: A flight lesson with a person who knows everything. Truth: An observation and evaluation of certain knowledge and skills at a particular point in time. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Who Gives The Checkride? FAA (Staff) Inspector; Designated Pilot Examiner (DPE): An individual who has been granted examination authority by the FAA. Note: A DPE cannot train you, endorse you and give you a checkride without special permission from the FAA. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. What Criteria Are Used? It’s no secret … The Practical Test Standards (PTS) define the tasks that must be performed for the license or rating sought and the parameters for acceptable performance. The PTS should be the “bible” for instructor, student, applicant, examiner and inspector. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Three Potential Results There are only three potential outcomes or results from a checkride: 1. Issuance of license or rating; 2. Notice of disapproval; 3. Notice of discontinuance. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Pass v. Fail Myth: The system is designed to ensure that you “fail.” Truth: The majority of applicants prepare well; they perform within applicable standards and receive a new license or rating after their checkride. As an average, 85% of applicants perform within applicable standards – that means fewer than 2 of every 10 do not meet the standards during their checkride. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Pass v. Fail Myth: You lose everything if you fail to meet the test standards. Truth: You receive credit for every task performed within test standards; your credits can be carried forward for up to 60 days, to allow you to prepare for and complete a re-exam. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Inspector’s/Examiner’s Role To provide a fair and impartial evaluation of pilot knowledge and performance Applicant’s Role To demonstrate knowledge and skills in accordance with the PTS Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Who Runs The Show? • The applicant has the ability to “run the checkride” if he/she is well-prepared, understands the test requirements, and has a plan for demonstration. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Who Runs The Show? During the checkride, the applicant is the Pilot In Command and is fully-responsible for the safe operation of the aircraft. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Who Runs The Show? The inspector/examiner will typically defer to the applicant who demonstrates complete command and control of the aircraft. The majority of private pilot applicants fail to take advantage and wait for the inspector/examiner to dictate to him/her. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Designated Pilot Examiner Is A Safety-Conscious Evaluator Paid By You To Perform A Public Service (evaluation of tests) DPEs Service A Defined Region (Particular FSDO or FSDOs) DPEs Work At The Pleasure Of The FAA Administrator Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Designated Pilot Examiner Typically a pilot who is very accomplished in many areas of operation, including prior service as an instructor, flight check airman, or evaluator. Approximately 1,200 nationwide. List Of Area DPEs available through local FSDO website. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Choosing A DPE Discuss potential candidates with your instructor and other pilots Contact DPEs to determine availability, fees, feel out personalities and review Plan of Action (POA) (if possible) Choose an examiner according to your level of comfort with him/her. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Cost Of Checkride With FAA Inspector: Zero (the service is paid for indirectly through taxes). With DPE: A reasonable fee (fees are not regulated by the FAA or FSDOs, but are typically maintained by community standard). Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Cost Of Checkride Southern California DPEs: typical range is $300 - $450 dollars for checkride, dependent upon type of license or rating sought. Some examiners charge appointment or reservation fee; some have cancellation charges. Rechecks: Costs range from zero to full-price for recheck; many examiners charge a reduced fee. Form of Payment: DPE sets his/her own policy. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Practical Test Standards EVERY task and performance requirement is contained in the PTS – this includes the Wx section effective 08/01/2002. There should not be any surprises: You will not be asked to demonstrate any knowledge or perform any task not contained in the PTS. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Practical Test Standards The FAA encourages you to use the PTS prior to the checkride. Failure to read or familiarize yourself with the PTS shows a lack of serious interest and commitment. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. How Should You Prepare? Start with the PTS! Familiarize yourself with the PTS Discuss it with your instructor Study the knowledge areas required Use PTS to evaluate your performance of required tasks. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. How Should You Prepare? Complete 8710-1 Form correctly; obtain all necessary endorsements Mark logbook (paper clips, Post-It, etc.) to indicate required experience Check equipment/supplies Obtain any necessary fees (check, etc.) Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. The Examiner/Inspector Should Treat you professionally and courteously; Provide fair and impartial evaluation; Issue license, rating, notice of disapproval or notice of discontinuance, as applicable. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Expectations: • Depth of knowledge - Rote memorization - Comprehension/understanding - Application - Correlation - Insights (see Instructor Handbook) Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Common Mistakes Prior To Checkride: • Failure to prepare adequately • • • • • Lack of organization 8710-1 not completed correctly Applicant not endorsed properly for test Aircraft not “airworthy” Lack of of knowledge (or depth) Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Flee, Fly or Discontinue? • The applicant must decide whether or not to begin the checkride – and, at times, whether to continue it. • The examiner may consider the applicant’s evaluation and decision-making processes as part of the checkride. Example: It was sunny and clear while you answered oral questions, but now there is rain and limited visibility – what do you do? Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Flee, Fly or Discontinue? “ Do not let yourself be forced into doing anything before you are ready. ” —Wilbur Wright Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Rote Response What type of engine does your plane have? Rote response: “An LIO-360-200” This response begs the examiner to question further, to determine if the applicant has sufficient depth of knowledge. Next question: What does LIO-360-200 mean? Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Potentially Sufficient Response “A four cylinder, 200 horsepower, fuel injected piston engine made by Lycoming.” This answer, while not comprehensive, appears complete and in plain English, without codes (L-I-O, etc.). Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. It Happens All The Time Q: How many volts is your electrical system? A: 38 Q: If you are exposed to bright light before a night flight, how long does it take your eyes to adjust so you can see detail, read maps? A: They adjust immediately. Q: How does the landing gear operate? A: Very well, sir. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Oral Exam: Discretionary Limits The PTS requires you to exhibit knowledge. The examiner has some discretion, but: “ .... If the applicant consistently gives incorrect, confused or unrelated answers to the examiner's questions, the examiner must terminate the test and issue a notice of disapproval.” Pilot Examiner’s Handbook, 8710.3C, 5-5/19-(2) Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Even DPEs Make Mistakes Q: When Is Oxygen Required? A: Always Although the question was intended to determine whether the applicant knew when use of “supplemental oxygen” is required, it was too vague or poorly framed, causing the examiner to ask the question in another way. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Oral Exam: It Ain’t Over ‘Til … Although the practical test is principally organized into two portions (oral and flight test), oral questions may be asked at any time until the entire test is completed. Often, questions are asked in flight as a method of distraction. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Common Mistakes During Flight: • Failure to control/command aircraft • Fixation errors • Asking the examiner questions during the checkride, such as “how should I handle this?” • Failure to respond to examiner’s questions. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Common Mistakes During Flight: • Poor decision-making (“I think I can stop before the end of the runway”) • Pilot becoming distracted (failure to control aircraft, observe other aircraft, etc.) • Lack of knowledge (airspace, what to do in emergency, etc.) • “Flying wide” Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Satisfactory Performance • Perform the approved areas of operation … within the approved standards (PTS); • Demonstrate mastery of the aircraft with the successful outcome of each task performed never seriously in doubt; • Demonstrate sound judgment. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. AUTOMATIC DISAPPROVAL Failure to observe: • Clearances, procedures, regulations Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. AUTOMATIC DISAPPROVAL Failure to observe: • Clearances, procedures, regulations Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. AUTOMATIC DISAPPROVAL Failure to observe: • Other aircraft, potential hazards (collision avoidance procedures, etc.) Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. AUTOMATIC DISAPPROVAL? Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. AUTOMATIC DISAPPROVAL? Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. THE BAD NEWS Unfortunately, there are no “re-dos.” An examiner may request you to repeat a maneuver when: • Examiner is unsure of what he/she saw • Maneuver was discontinued for safety reasons (i.e., to avoid traffic) but this is the examiner’s option, not yours. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. IT AIN’T OVER ‘TIL … Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. IT AIN’T OVER ‘TIL … The checkride is not completed until after you park and secure the aircraft. Remember to: • Taxi cautiously, at an appropriate speed; • Request progressives if necessary; • Avoid “hot-dogging” into parking spaces; • Use shutdown checklist . Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. 7 Steps To Ensure Success • • • • • • • Dress neatly (not a req’t, but it helps) Be prompt: arrive on-time or early Be prepared: all documents, I.D., fee, etc. Be professional: treat the examiner as you wish to be treated (respect, courtesy, etc.) Brief DPE prior to flight; use checklists; Speak clearly and loudly enough to be heard Fly safely and within PTS standards. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Prejudice Has No Place Here The Mandate: An examiner shall not allow personal prejudices to interfere with objective evaluation … if a personality conflict or disagreement develops … prior to any unsatisfactory performance … the examiner or applicant may discontinue the practical test. Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved. Thank You For Attending This seminar qualifies under the WINGS program as a safety presentation. Have your WINGS application endorsed before you leave! Copyright (C) 2002, 2004 by Jeremy G. Schuster. No copyright to Gov't works. All rights reserved.