GSM BASED HEART RATE, TEMPERATURE &
BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM
Pipaliya Ritesh, Jaiyawala Fenil, Marvaniya Harshida
Instrumentation and Control Engineering
Government Engineering College, Gandhinagar
Email: ritesh.pipaliya@gmail.com, feniljaiyawala2412@yahoo.in,
marvaniya.harshida@gmail.com
Abstract: There has been an exponential
increase in health care costs in the last
decade. Seniors have to make frequent visits
to their doctor to get their vital signs
measured. There is a huge market for noninvasive methods of measurement of these
vital signs. The objective of this title is to
design and implement a reliable, cheap, low
powered, non-intrusive, and accurate system
that can be worn on a regular basis and
monitors the vital signs and displays the
output to the user’s cell phone using
PIC16F877A. This data is also easily
accessible by the physician through wireless
network. This specifically deals with the
signal conditioning and data acquisition of
three vital signs: heart rate, blood pressure,
and body temperature.
Block Diagram:
.
Index Terms: Heart rate sensor,
Temperature Sensor, Blood Pressure sensor,
PIC16F877A controller, GSM modem
Introduction: Health monitoring system
becomes important research in now days.
Research on monitoring systems developed
for many applications such as military,
homecare unit and emergency monitoring
system. The goal of the main project is to
develop a low cost, low power, reliable,
non-intrusive, and non-invasive vital signs
monitor that processes and analyses the data
acquired from sensors to determine if they
are within a “normal” range and to transmit
this data to the user’s cell phone and store it
there. This data can then be obtained by a
health care professional anytime via wireless
network.
Hardware description:
1. PIC16F877A
The 16F877A is one of the most
popular PIC microcontrollers. It comes in a
40 pin DIP pinout and it has many internal
peripherals. The 40 pins make it easier to
use the peripherals as the functions are
spread out over the pins. This makes it
easier to decide what external devices to
attach without worrying too much if there
enough pins to do the job. One of the main
advantages is that each pin is only shared
between two or three functions so its easier
to decide what the pin function.
2. Heart Rate Sensor
4. Blood Pressure Sensor
Heart beat sensor is designed to give
digital output of heat beat when a finger is
placed on it. When the heart beat detector is
working, the beat LED flashes in unison
with each heart beat. This digital output can
be connected to controller directly to
measure the Beats Per Minute (BPM) rate. It
works on the principle of light modulation
by blood flow through finger at each pulse.
The Blood Pressure sensor is used to
measure arterial blood pressure in humans.
It measures the pressure signal caused by the
interaction between the cuff and the blood
flow through the brachial artery. The
pressure sensor uses the pressure
transducer.. The MPXV5050GP pressure
transducer is used to sense the pressure from
the arm cuff. The pressure transducer
produces the output voltage proportional to
applied differential input pressure.
5. LCD
The signal conditioning circuit
consists of low pass filters with a cut-off
frequency. The maximum measurable heart
rate is about 140 bpm. The filter circuit
blocks any higher frequency noises present
in the signal. The two stage filter and
amplifier converts weak signal coming from
the photo sensor unit into a pulse.
3. Temperature Sensor LM35
The LM35 series are precision
integrated circuit temperature sensor, whose
output voltage is linearly proportional to the
Celsius temperature. The LM35 sensor thus
has an advantage over linear temperature
sensors calibrated in ° Kelvin, as the user is
not required to subtract a large constant
voltage from its output to obtain convenient
Centigrade scaling. The LM35 is rated to
operate over a -55° to +150°C temperature
range.
LCD is liquid crystal display and
there are 14-pin and 16-pin displays. Among
them 16-pin display is used which has
additional feature than 14-pin like
background color transition and more than
80 characters are displayed. RS pin reset the
display after some delay, 4 data lines are
connected to MCU.
6. GSM Modem (RF Transmitter)
The core of data communication of
this
project
is
lies
in
wireless
communication control terminals that uses
GSM Module to transfer long-distance data
extensively and reliably. It supports
instruction of AT commands. SIM 300 can
be integrated with a wide range of
application. SIM 300 is Tri-band
GSM/GPRS engine that works on the
frequencies EGSM 900MHz, DCS 1800
MHz and PCS 1900 MHz. SIM 300
provides GPRS multi-slot class 10
capabilities and support GPRS coding
schemes CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. With a
tiny configuration, SIM 300 can fit almost
all the space requirement in our application.
Therefore, the MCU can connect with GSM
modules very expediently through the serial
interface.
Reference:
[1]
Muhammad
D.Mckinlay,
Ali
Danny
Mazidi,
Rolin
Causey
‘PIC
Microcontroller and embedded system’
[2] www.microchip.com
[3] www.engineeringgarage.com
[4]
Dr. Amer Iqbal ‘Teach yourself PIC
Microcontrollers’
[5] Introduction to Biomedical Medical
Conclusion: In this paper, a low cost, low
power, reliable, non-intrusive, and noninvasive microcontroller based device for
measuring heart rate, temperature and blood
pressure has been described. The device has
the many advantages such as it can be used
by non-professional people at home, low
operational cost, effective and easy to use.
Future scope: There is always chance to
improve any system as research and
development is an endless process. The
following measurement can be done in
future:
1. Voice Recognition System can be
used to recognize the voice sample
of patient.
2. A Camera can be fitted into the
system so as to enable the base
station to get a real time view of
patient.
Equipment by Joseph J. Carr and John M.
Brown,
[6]
Pearson Publication
Handbook
of
Biomedical
Instrumentation by R.S.Khandpur, TataMcGrew Hill Publication