Risk
Management
for
Pilots and
Flight Instructors
November 8, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
A Crosswind Accident?
The pilot lost control after the aircraft
touched down on one wheel, swerved
sharply, hit several runway lights, left
the runway, and came to rest in the
airport boundary fence. The winds
were at 60-degree crosswind to the
runway at 32 kts with gusts to 40.
What caused this accident?
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
2
Risk Management: A Definition
The part of the decisionmaking process that relies on
• Situational awareness
• Problem recognition, and
• Good judgment
to reduce risks associated
with each flight.
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Teaching Risk Management
• Identifying hazards
• Assessing risk
• Understanding its
time-critical nature
• Including riskmanagement controls
in training
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
4
Teaching Judgment
We’re trying to answer the
enduring questions:
• “Can you teach judgment?”
• “If yes, how?”
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
5
Risk Management
Before you make decisions, you must:
1. Identify risk factors (hazards)
2. Assess their likelihood
3. Evaluate their severity
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
6
Defining Terms: Hazard
• A present condition, event, object, or
circumstance that could lead to or
contribute to an unplanned or undesired
event such as an accident.
• Is it a source of danger?
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Defining Terms: Risk
The future impact of a hazard that is not
controlled or eliminated.
1. Future uncertainty created by the hazard.
2. If it involves skill sets, the same situation
may yield different risks.
3. Could also be described as the “degree of
uncertainty.”
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
8
Types of Risk
• Total Risk: The sum of identified and unidentified
risks.
• Identified Risk: Risk that has been determined.
• Unidentified Risk: Often identified only after an
accident.
• Unacceptable Risk: Can’t be tolerated. Must be
eliminated or controlled.
• Acceptable Risk: Identified but managed.
• Residual Risk: Remains after mitigation attempts.
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
9
Risk Management
• The method used to control, eliminate, or
reduce hazards.
• Unique to each individual based on skills,
knowledge, training, and experience.
• A decision-making process designed to
systematically identify hazards, assess risk,
and determine the best course of action.
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
10
Risk Assessment
3 SM visibility—is it a risk?
•
•
•
•
For a student pilot?
100 hr VFR-only private pilot?
500 hr IFR pilot flying in the mountains
1,000 hr IFR pilot with 5 hr experience in a glass
cockpit?
• 1,500 hr ATP pilot flying in busy airspace?
Photo AOPA Gallery
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
11
A Simple Test
Ask three basic questions:
• Is it safe?
• Is it legal?
• Does it make sense?
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
12
FITS Website
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
13
I’M SAFE Checklist
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
14
FAASTeam CFI Workshop #5
Risk Management
Questions?
Comments?
Ideas?
Quiz time
FAASTeam CFI Workshop #5
October 26, 2009 chg 1
Federal Aviation
Administration
15
Risk Management Question #1
Which of the following are hazardous attitudes?
a) Tormenter
b) Macho
c) Recluse
d) Quarrelsome
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
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Risk Management Question #2
Effective workload management ensures that
essential operations are accomplished by
planning, prioritizing, and sequencing tasks.
True or False?
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
17
Risk Management Question #3
Is it a “Hazard” or a “Risk” that is a present
condition, event, object, or circumstance that
could lead to or contribute to an unplanned or
undesired event such as an accident?
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
18
Risk Management Question #4
An excellent tool in making good aeronautical decisions is
the D.E.C.I.D.E model. What are the six attributes of the
model?
a) Detect, Estimate, Choose, Identify, Do, Evaluate
b) Drop, Evacuate, Criticize, Indemnify, Decimate,
Exacerbate
c) Determine, Eliminate, Choose, Initiate, Divert, Evacuate
d) None of the above
Answers follow
~
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
19
Risk Management Question #1
Which of the following are hazardous attitudes?
a) Tormenter
b) Macho
c) Recluse
d) Quarrelsome
Answer ~
b) Macho – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical
Knowledge
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
20
Risk Management Question #2
Effective workload management ensures that
essential operations are accomplished by
planning, prioritizing, and sequencing tasks.
True or False?
Answer ~
True – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical
Knowledge
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
21
Risk Management Question #3
Is it a “Hazard” or a “Risk” that is a present
condition, event, object, or circumstance that
could lead to or contribute to an unplanned or
undesired event such as an accident?
Answer ~
“Hazard” – Risk Management Handbook
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
22
Risk Management Question #4
An excellent tool in making good aeronautical decisions is
the D.E.C.I.D.E model. What are the six attributes of the
model?
a) Detect, Estimate, Choose, Identify, Do, Evaluate
b) Drop, Evacuate, Criticize, Indemnify, Decimate,
Exacerbate
c) Determine, Eliminate, Choose, Initiate, Divert, Evacuate
d) None of the above
Answer ~
a) Detect, Estimate, Choose, Identify, Do, Evaluate
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 5, Core Topic 10
October 1, 2011
Federal Aviation
Administration
23