Thursday, October 31, 2013
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Today we will:
◦ Identify and analyze mood and tone
◦ Introduce and define symbolism and allegory

Cask of Amontillado- Mood
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“I took from their sconces two flambeaux, and giving one to Fortunato ... 1 passed down a long and winding staircase, requesting him to be cautious as he followed. We came at length to the foot of the descent, and stood together upon the damp ground of the catacombs of the
Montresors.”

Cask of Amontillado- Mood
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“I took from their sconces two flambeaux, and giving one to Fortunato ... 1 passed down a long and winding staircase, requesting him to be cautious as he followed.
We came at length to the foot of the descent, and stood together upon the damp ground of the catacombs of the
Montresors.”
Based on the underlined words, we can determine that the mood is ___________.

Cask of Amontillado- Mood
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“We passed through a range of low arches, descended, passed on, and descending again, arrived at deep crypt, in which the foulness of the air caused our flambeaux rather to glow than flame.”

Cask of Amontillado- Mood
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“We passed through a range of low arches, descended, passed on, and descending again, arrived at deep crypt, in which the foulness of the air caused our flambeaux rather to glow than flame.”
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Based on the underlined words, we can determine that the mood is _________.

Cask of Amontillado- Mood
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“A succession of loud and shrill screams, bursting suddenly from the throat of the chained form, seemed to thrust me violently back. For a brief moment I hesitated, I trembled.”

Cask of Amontillado- Mood
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“A succession of loud and shrill screams, bursting suddenly from the throat of the chained form, seemed to thrust me violently back. For a brief moment I hesitated, I trembled.”
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By identifying the effect of the underlined words, we can conclude that the mood is
___________________.

Cask of Amontillado- Tone
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“The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as best I could; but when he ventured upon insult, I vowed revenge.”
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What is Montressor’s attitude toward
Fortunato? _______________
Overall tone ____________________

Cask of Amontillado- Tone
"I had scarcely laid the first tier of the masonry when I discovered that the intoxication of
Fortunato had in a great measure worn off. The earliest indication I had of this was a low mourning cry from the depth of the recess. It was not the cry of a drunken man. There was then a long and obstinate silence. I laid the second tier, and the third, and the fourth”
What is Montressor’s attitude towards what he is doing? ______________________________

Cask of Amontillado- Tone
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If he is gleeful at gaining his revenge, or if he feels guilty about his crime, he does not speak of it directly, and his language does not reveal it. Even at the most terrifying moment in the story, when
Fortunato realizes that Montresor intends to seal him up behind a wall, his tone is calm and detached.

Cask of Amontillado- Tone
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"My heart grew sick – it was the dampness of the catacombs that made it so.”

Cask of Amontillado- Tone
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"My heart grew sick – it was the dampness of the catacombs that made it so.”
For a brief moment, the reader thinks
Montressor might be expressing remorse.
However, through the use of the dash,
Montressor clarifies that his sickness is only a result of the dampness. Poe “fakes us out” on purpose!
Therefore, the tone is _______________.

Symbolism and Allegory
A symbol is often an event, object, person or animal to which an extraordinary meaning or significance has been attached.
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Symbols can be inherited or invented.
Ex. The Statue of Liberty came to symbolize freedom for people immigrating to the United States by way of Ellis Island.

Symbolism
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Symbols allow writers to suggest layers of meanings and possibilities that a simple literal statement could not convey as well.
Symbols allow writers to convey an idea with layers of meaning without having to explain those layers in the text.

Allegory
◦ An Allegory is a story in which characters, settings and actions stand for something beyond themselves.
◦ In some types of Allegories, the characters and setting represent abstract ideas of moral qualities.
◦ In other types, characters and situations stand for historical figures and events.

Allegory
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An Allegory can be read on one level for its literal or straightforward meaning
An allegory can be read for its symbolic, or allegorical meaning
Allegories are often intended to teach a moral lesson or make a comment about goodness and depravity.

Familiar Allegories
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The Most Dangerous Game:
Zaroff: Allegory for _______________
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The Casks of Amontillado:
Fortunato: Symbol/Allegory for _____
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Animal Farm
Others…?

Allegory v. Symbolism
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A symbol can be a word, place, character or object that means something beyond what it is on a literal level.
An allegory involves using many interconnected symbols or allegorical figures in such a way that nearly every element of the narrative has a meaning beyond the literal level, i.e., everything in the narrative is a symbol that relates to other symbols within the story.

Masque of the Red Death
Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Masque of the Red
Death’’ was first published in 1842. In the original publication, the title was given the English spelling of "mask,’’ yet it was changed to "masque'' in 1845. In this macabre tale, a Prince
Prospero seals himself and a thousand of his friends into the abbey of a castle in order to protect them from a deadly pestilence—The Red Death—that is ravaging the country.
But when the group indulge in a lavish costume ball in order to distract themselves from the suffering and death outside their walls, the Red Death, disguised as a costumed guest, enters and claims the lives of everyone present. The story is narrated in a manner which gives it the quality of a myth, allegory or fairy tale, exploring themes of man's fear of death, sin, madness, and the end of the world. –eNotes
Summary