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CHAPTER 2
OLD TESTAMENT SURVEY
BIBLE
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Hebrew Bible is called TaNaK.
Torah (Books of Moses)
N'vi-im (Prophets) K'tuvim (Writings)
- Law and Prophets ( Matt 7:12; Luke 16:16, 29, 31)
- 3 fold division Law, the Prophets and the Writings
(Luke 24:44).
 Greek Translation of the Old Testament is called
Septuagint (LXX)
Introduction to the
Pentateuch
 The five books of Moses are variously know
as the Law, the Torah (Hebrew for Law), the
Law of Moses, the Pentateuch.
 The word “Pentateuch” is derived from the
Greek words penta(five) and teuchos (scroll
or book)
Introduction to the Pentateuch
(Continues...)
 These books shows a clear continuity of
content, theme, purpose, and style that
point to a single author. They make up a
unity, not a late and unreliable patchwork.
Each book smoothly picks up where the
previous book left off. There is a
completeness about the Pentateuch not only
in its consecutive history but also in its
progressive spiritual development.
PENTATEUCH
BOOK
KEY IDEA
GENESIS
BEGINNINGS
EXODUS
REDEMPTION
LEVITICUS
WORSHIP/HOLINESS
NUMBERS
WANDERINGS
DEUTERONOMY
RENEWED COVENANT
GENESIS
Theme: Beginnings
Date Written: 1450 – 1410 B.C.
Author: Moses
Setting: Middle East
Genesis
 The Hebrew word for Genesis means
“in the beginning.” and that is exactly
what Genesis is all about. As the first
book of the Bible, Genesis lays out the
foundation for everything that is to
follow, including key truths God wants
you to know in order to make sense of
your life.
Purpose of Genesis
 Genesis was written to present the
beginning of everything except God: the
universe (1:1); man (1:27); the Sabbath (2:23); marriage (2:22-24); Sin (3:1-7); sacrifice
and salvation (3:15, 21); the family (4: 1-15);
Civilization (4:16-21); government (9:1-6);
Nations (11); Israel (12:1-3). It was also
written to record God’s choice of Israel and
His covenant plan for the nation, so that
the Israelites would have a spiritual
perspective.
SURVEY
OF
GENESIS
THE FOUR GREAT EVENTS: Chapter s 1 – 11
1. Creation
2. Fall
3. Flood
4. Nations
THE FOUR GREAT PEOPLE : Chapter 12 -50.
1. Abraham
2. Isaac
3. Jacob
4. Joseph
Genesis
 A. 2000 or more years, 4000 – 2090 B.C. (Ch. 1 – 11)
 1. Creation, 4000 B.C. Or earlier (1:1)
 2. Death of Terah, 2090 B.C. (11:32)
 B. 193 years, 2090 – 1897 B.C. (Ch. 12-36)
 1. Death of Terah, 2090 B.C. (11:32)
 2. Joseph to Egypt, c. 1897 B.C. (37:2)
 C. 93 years, 1897-1804 B.C. (Ch. 37 – 50)
 1. Joseph to Egypt, c. 1897 B.C. (37:2)
 2. Death of Joseph, 1804 B.C. (50:26)
Life Lessons from Genesis
 God, the unique and sovereign Creator, made you
and knows you better than you know yourself.
 God created you in His image, as an expression of
Himself.
 God uses people with feet of clay – the imperfect,
the failures, the flawed –to accomplish His Will.
 God takes evil seriously, and those who reject His
love and wisdom will experience His Judgment.
 God is well able to turn your tragedies into
triumphs.
EXODUS
Theme: Redemption
Date Written: 1450 – 1410 B.C.
Author: Moses
Setting: From Egypt to Mount
Sinai
Exodus
 The time that passes between the final
verse of Genesis and the first verse of
the book of Exodus is about 400 years.
During those four centuries, the 70
members of Jacob’s family (who settled
with Joseph in Egypt in order to survive
a severe famine) multiply to over two
million.
SURVEY OF EXODUS
REDEMPTION FROM EGYPT
(Chapter 1-18).
REVELATION FROM GOD
(Chapters 19-40).
Model of the Tabernacle
Life Lessons from Exodus
 God hears the cries of His people and delivers
them.
 Preparation for Spiritual leadership takes time.
 When God Selects you for a task, no excuses are
acceptable.
 God demands your wholehearted, undivided
worship.
 Praying for others is a vital element in your
Christian life.
 Repentance restores your fellowship with God
LEVITICUS
Theme: Worship/Holiness
Date Written: 1450 – 1410 B.C.
Author: Moses
Setting: Mount Sinai
Leviticus
 By the time the book of Exodus ends, one
year has gone by since God’s people left
Egypt. During that year, two new
developments have taken place in God’s
dealings with His people. First, God’s glory
is now residing among the Israelites; and
second, a central place of worship– the
tabernacle – now exists. As Leviticus
opens, the Israelites are still camping at the
base of Mount Sinai in the wilderness.
Leviticus... Continues
 No geographical movement takes place in Leviticus:
The children of Israel remain at the foot of Mount
Sinai (Lev. 25: 1-2; 26:46; 27:34).
 The New Calender of Israel begins with the first
Passover (Ex 12:2); and, according to Exodus 40:17, the
tabernacle is completed exactly one year later.
 Leviticus picks up the story at this point and takes
place in the first month of the second year. Numbers
1:1 opens at the beginning of the second month.
Leviticus .... Continues
 Throughout this book there is
continual instruction regarding
dedication to personal holiness in
response to the holiness of God. This
emphasis is repeated over 50 times
through the phrases “I am the Lord”
and “I am holy”.
FIVE OFFERINGS
AND ITS MEANING
 The Burnt Offering – typifies Christ’s total offering
in submission to His Father’s will.
 The Meal Offering - typifies Christ’s sinless
service.
 The Peace Offering – is a type of the fellowship
believers have with God through the work of the
Cross.
 The Sin Offering – typifies Christ as guilt-bearer.
 The Trespass Offering – typifies Christ’s payment
for the damage of sin.
The Feasts of Israel
The First Coming of Christ
Month
Day(s)
Feast
Looks
Back on...
Looks Ahead
to...
Scripture
1st
14
Passover
Redemption of
Christ’s
Redeeming
1 Cor. 5:7
Death
1 Peter 1:18-19
1st
15-21
UnLeavened
Bread
Separation from Holy Walk of
other Nations
Believers
1 Cor. 5:7-8
Gal. 5:9, 16-17
1st
16
First fruits
Harvest in the
Land
Resurrection
of Christ
Revelation 1:5
1 Cor. 15:20-23
3rd
6
Pentecost
Completion of
Harvest
Sending of the Acts 2:1-47
Holy Spirit
1 Cor. 12:13
The Feasts of Israel
The Second Coming of Christ
Month
Day(s)
Feast
Looks
Back on...
Looks Ahead
to...
Scripture
7th
1
Trumpets
Israel’s New
Year
Israel’s
Regathering
Isaiah 27:12-13
Matthew
24:21-31
7th
10
Day of
Atonement
Israel’s
National
Sin
Israel’s National Zechariah
Conversion
12:10
Romans
11:26-27
7th
15-22
Tabernacle
Israel in the
Wilderness
Israel in the
Kingdom
Zechariah
14:4-16
Revelation
7:9 - 17
SURVEY OF LEVITICUS
Laws of Sacrifice (Chapters 1 – 17)
Laws of Sanctification (Chapters 18
– 27)
Life Lessons from Leviticus
 God is holy and demands holy living from His
people
 God states there are acceptable and unacceptable
ways to worship Him.
 God has exciting standards for living.
 God says obedience to His standards results in
blessing, while disobedience is punished.
NUMBERS
Theme: Wanderings/Journeys
Date Written: 1450 – 1410 B.C.
Author: Moses
Setting: The Wilderness
How did this book get its name?
 It takes its name from the two numberings
of the Israelites – the first at Mount Sinai
and the second on the plains of Moab.
 The generation of Exodus (Numbers .1)
and the generation that grew up in the
wilderness and conquered Canaan
(Numbers 26).
WHAT IS NUMBERS ALL ABOUT?
 Numbers is the book of wanderings. Most
of the book, however describes Israel’s
experience as they wander in the
wilderness. For Israel, an eleven-day
journey became a forty-year agony.
 This book is also called “Book of Journeys ;
and the Book of Murmurings.
SURVEY OF NUMBERS
 THE OLD GENERATION (1:1 – 10:10)
 THE TRAGIC TRANSITION (10:11 – 25:18)
 THE NEW GENERATION (21 -36)
Life Lessons from Numbers
 Order and discipline are essential for successfully
completing your journey through life.
 Even when the odds are overwhelming, you can
believe in God and His promises.
 Beware of the unbelief of others. It’s Contagious!
 Fearing others and failing to trust God has grievous
consequences.
 Like Joshua and Caleb, don’t follow the unbelief of
the majority. Instead, have faith in God and reap
the blessings.
DEUTERONOMY
Theme: Renewed Covenant
Date Written: 1410 B.C.
Author: Moses
Setting: The plains of Moab.
What is Deuteronomy?
 Deuteronomy - (the second law), or
Repetition of the Law.
 Deuteronomy is an adaptation and
expansion of much of the original law given
on Mount Sinai.
Deuteronomy ... Continues
 The book of Deuteronomy takes place
entirely in one location over a month of
time. Israel encamped east of the Jordan
River across from the walled city of Jericho.
 Deuteronomy concentrates on events that
take place in the final weeks of Moses’ life.
DEUTERONOMY ....Continues
 It consists of a series of farewell messages by
Israel’s 120 year old Leader (Moses). It is
addressed to the new generation destined to
possess the Land of Promise.
 Purpose: “Beware lest you forget”
SURVEY OF DEUTERONOMY
 MOSES’ FIRST SERMON (CH. 1 to 4:43)
 - What God has done
 MOSES’ SECOND SERMON (CH. 4:44 – 26:19)
 - What God Expected of Israel
 MOSES’ THIRD SERMON (CH. 27 – 34)
 -What God will Do
Life Lessons from Deuteronomy
 Let your past failures prepare you for future
victories.
 Realize God can blot out any sin, but He does not
always take away it consequence.
 Never forget what you were saved from.
 Review God’s Word regularly – it will guide your
steps.