Name:_________________________________ Block:______ Day 1 or 2
Teacher: Hartung
STUDY THIS PACKET FOR YOUR BRAIN QUIZ
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NEURON STRUCTURE
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Node of Ranvier
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Synapse
Connection
Schwann Cell
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Axon Terminal / Synapse / Dendrite
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Mitochondria
Mitochondria
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Dendrites
NEURON STRUCTURE
Axon Terminals
NodeAxon
of Ranvier
Synapse
Connection
Schwann Cell
Myelin Sheath
Nucleus
Axon Terminal / Synapse / Dendrite
Axon
Mitochondria
DRAW A NEURON AND LABEL ITS PARTS:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
DENDRITE
NUCLEUS
CELL BODY
AXON
MYELIN SHEATH
AXON TERMINAL
DRAW AN AXON TERMINAL / SYNAPSE / DENDRITE AND LABEL ITS PARTS
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
VESICLE
RECEPTOR SITE
SYNAPSE
DENDRITE
AXON TERMINAL
MAJOR NEUROTRANSMITTERS: What is their Primary Function?
A. DOPAMINE:
B. SEROTONIN:
C. GLUTAMATE:
D. ACETYLCHOLINE
E. GABA:
TYPES OF NEURONS: What do they do & Where are they primarily Located?
1. SENSORY NEURONS:
2. MOTOR NEURONS:
3. INTERNEURONS:





Dopamine (inhibitory & excitatory) - regulates our reward circuitry and pleasure centers
Glutamate (excitatory) - required for learning and memory
Serotonin A neurotransmitter used by cells in parts of the brain involved in the regulation of
sleep, mood and eating – produced in brain and intestines
Acetylcholine (excitatory) triggers muscle contraction and stimulates the excretion of certain
hormones.
GABA (inhibitory) widely distributed in the neurons of the cortex - contributes to motor control,
vision, and many other cortical functions
o Excitatory is a synapse in which an action potential in a presynaptic neuron increases
the probability of an action potential occurring in a postsynaptic cell.
o



Inhibitory is a synapse in which an action potential in a presynaptic neuron decreases
the probability of an action potential occurring in a postsynaptic cell.
Sensory neurons: tell the rest of the brain about the external and internal environment
Motor neurons: contract muscles and mediate behavior, & stimulate glands and organs.
Communication / Computation (Interneurons): Communication neurons transmit
signals from one brain area to another & to and from the spinal cord which connects
information coming in from the senses & Body.
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THE BRAIN structure
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_____________
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SPINAL CORD
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FUNCTIONS / RESPONSIBILITIES:
FRONTAL LOBE:
PARIETAL LOBE:
OCCIPITAL LOBE:
CEREBELLUM:
BRAINSTEM:
TEMPORAL LOBE:
LIMBIC SYSTEM (Thalamus, Amygdala, Hippocampus, Frontal Cortex, others):
THE BRAIN structure
Parietal Lobe
Frontal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Limbic System – emotions & behavior
Frontal lobe - reasoning, problem solving, all decisions are made here
Occipital lobe – Vision Processor
Parietal lobe- stimuli related to touch, pressure, temperature, & pain
Temporal lobe - auditory stimuli (hearing) and memory (hippocampus)
Cerebellum - coordination, smooth movements of the skeletal system / Muscles
Brain Stem – Breathing and blood pressure
1. Draw the Brain
2. Label the Parts 3. List Primary Functions
1. FRONTAL LOBE
2. PARIETAL LOBE
3. OCCIPITAL LOBE
4. CEREBELLUM
5. BRAINSTEM
6. TEMPORAL LOBE
7. SPINAL CORD
 Cerebellum - is located under the cerebrum. Its function is to coordinate muscle
movements, maintain posture, and balance.
 Brainstem - includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla. It acts as a relay center
connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord. It performs many
automatic functions such as breathing, heart rate, body temperature, wake and sleep
cycles, digestion, sneezing, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing. Ten of the twelve
cranial nerves originate in the brainstem.
 Frontal lobe - Personality, behavior, emotions, Judgment, planning, problem solving,
Speech: speaking and writing, Body movement, Intelligence, concentration, selfawareness.
 Parietal lobe - Interprets language, words, Sense of touch, pain, temperature, Interprets
signals from vision, hearing, motor, sensory and memory, Spatial and visual perception
 Occipital lobe - Interprets vision (color, light, movement)
 Temporal lobe - Understanding language, Memory, Hearing, Sequencing and
organization