Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Organization of This Presentation
 Brief review of Winlink 2000 architecture
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Organization of This Presentation
 Brief review of Winlink 2000 architecture
 Features of Winlink 2000 that make it well suited
for EmComm use
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Winlink 2000 System Architecture
Hierarchal levels of the Winlink 2000 system:
1.
Client system – Radio, computer with Winlink software,
TNC (or sound card) and you, the end-user!
2.
Radio Message Server (RMS) – Radio gateway between
the client (end-user) and the Winlink system backbone
3.
Common Message Servers (CMS) – Winlink backbone




5 CMS locations
redundant, fault-tolerant
located on 3 continents
One CMS sufficient for operation
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Organization of This Presentation
 Brief review of Winlink 2000 architecture
 Features of Winlink 2000 that make it well suited
for EmComm use
 Recent enhancements to the Winlink system to
adapt to new requirements by the EmComm
community
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Organization of This Presentation
 Brief review of Winlink 2000 architecture
 Features of Winlink 2000 that make it well suited
for EmComm use
 Recent enhancements to the Winlink system to
adapt to new requirements by the EmComm
community
 Implementation Strategies
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
What is Winlink 2000
 Worldwide system for sending e-mail via radio
 Provides e-mail from almost anywhere in the world
 Provides vital support for 10,000+ sailors
 Adopted for contingency communication by many
government agencies
 Used by infrastructure-critical NGOs such as
International & American Red Cross, Southern Baptist
Disaster Relief, DHS Tiered, AT&T Disaster Response
& Recovery, FedEx, Bridgestone Emergency Response
Team, etc.
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Types of Interfaces
 Homebrew
RIGblaster Duo
WB9JFR interface
Built in interface
Winlink 2000 Architecture
 CMS
 RMS
(gateway)
 Client
(you)
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Client Winlink Stations
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Winlink Connection Modes
 HF Pactor 1, 2, 3 and 4 – Fast and reliable but requires an
expensive modem ($1500+)
 HF WINMOR – “Poor man’s Pactor”. Not as good as
Pactor, but operates with inexpensive sound card device
($100). Speed between Pactor 2 and 3.
 VHF/UHF Packet
 9600 baud – Fast, reliable, range limited and requires $400
modem (Kantronics or SCS Tracker).
 1200 baud – Slower, but can use inexpensive Byonics
TinyTrak-4 modem, MFJ TNC-X
 Telnet – Non-radio connection through the Internet. Good
for training and use if radio is down or network is busy.
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Pactor Speeds (HF)
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Winlink Ham HF Gateways in America & Europe
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Advantages of VHF/UHF Packet
 Much smaller and more convenient antenna for
VHF/UHF. Excellent for drop-kits.
 Less expensive modem (TNC) than Pactor
 High speed – 9600 baud over VHF/UHF using SCS
Tracker or Kantronics KPC-9612+ modem (about $400)
 FM connections are usually reliable and static-free
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Disadvantages of VHF/UHF Packet
 Requires local VHF/UHF RMS site. Many locations
don’t have access to a VHF/UHF RMS
 Usual limitations of VHF/UHF – line of site, limited
range, possible blockage by hills or buildings
 If the local infrastructure is down, the local RMS will
probably be down too
 HF is a better choice for backup communications in
major emergencies
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Winlink Ham VHF/UHF Gateways in America & Europe
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
What Winlink 2000 Offers for EmComm
 Flexibility:
 Internet-only (Telnet) direct connections to Winlink
 Radio link bridge to Internet e-mail
 Radio-only store and forward messaging
 Peer-to-peer connections between radio end-users
 Various levels of security including message encryption
 Interoperability: Connect different types of systems
 Bridge different radio capabilities (VHF/UHF/HF)
 Bridge protocols: Pactor, Winmor, Packet, Robust
Packet
 Seamless integration with Internet e-mail
 Geographical dispersion and redundancy for reliability
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
What Winlink Offers for EmComm (more)
 Standard e-mail format with many features
 Binary file attachments (pictures, pdf, spreadsheets)
 Automatic message compression/decompression
 Encryption capabilities available to Agencies on nonamateur channels
 Time independence
 Ability to collect messages while unattended
 Good operation at most power levels
 Not limited by station-to-station propagation
 Message logging, and ICS report generation
 Wide adoption by EmComm related agencies
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Levels of Message Validation & Correction
 No validation or correction – RTTY, BPSK-31
 Forward Error Correction (FEC) – Redundant
information transmitted so minor errors can be
corrected: MT63, Olivia, QPSK-31
 Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) – Positive or
negative packet acknowledgements from receiving
station: Pactor, WINMOR, Packet, TCP/IP
 Pactor and WINMOR use both FEC and ARQ
 Only ARQ provides 100% accurate message delivery
 Accuracy is essential for EmComm
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Disaster Assessment Picture Sent Via Winlink 2000
Public
safety
systems
do fail.
Kentucky
ice storm
picture
from
TEMA
recon
vehicle.
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Good Operation at Most Power Levels
 Location: Nashville, TN
 0.5 watts Pactor 3: South Carolina, New York,
Michigan, Texas, Canada, Massachusetts,
Pennsylvania, Florida, and Iowa
 0.5 watts Winmor: Wisconsin, Maine, Ohio, Texas,
Indiana, South Carolina, and North Carolina
 5 watts Winmor: California and Canada
 Excellent for field operations on battery power
 100 watts is recommended for normal operations
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Recent Enhancements to Winlink for EmComm
 Service Codes to manage lists of channels
 RMS Express enhancements
 Radio-only store and forward message hubs
 Trimode RMS Server software
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Service Codes and Restricted Channel Lists
 Growing demand for separate channel lists
 Public (ham)
 EmComm (ham)
 MARS
 GOVT
 Other: International Red Cross, AT&T Disaster Recovery, etc.
 Each channel (frequency) has an associated service code
 Service codes are selected by the RMS node sysop
 Service codes are entered into client programs
 Service codes create channel lists with limited access
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
RMS Express Service Codes
Additional
origination callsigns
or tactical addresses
for each “my
callsign.”
Additional
security
available.
Ability to review
and select
messages prior to
download.
Combine
multiple
service
code lists.
Propagation
guidelines
available.
HF quality
updates
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RMS Express HF Channel Selector
Manual SFI
input
Estimate of
Signal Path
Quality
Service Code
Group
Throughput
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RMS Express Enhanced Support
Current version is 1.2.8.0
Supports
multiple
modes
Supports
multiple
call signs
Add
additional
folders
Right
Right click
Click
Import
contact list
or put
them in
manually
Contact
created for
each
message
sent
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
RMS Express Message Review
 Review pending messages before downloading
 Select which messages to download
Message
too large
& not
wanted
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Message Receipt Acknowledgements
 Positive acknowledgment that message was received
 Information about message filled in automatically
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Files menu options
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Information Requests
 Use the “Winlink Catalog Request” feature in RMS Express
to request:
 Weather maps for most areas of the world
 Weather forecasts
 Maritime HF nets and frequencies
 Satellite images
 Location of closest 30 stations
 ARRL Newsletter, e-letter, etc.
 Lightning
 Satellite Keplerian elements
 Search and Rescue Coordination Center info
 Misc. bulletins
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
RMS Express Query Catalog
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Weather Map Image Returned for Request
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Winlink Position Reports
 You can send position reports to the Winlink system
 Coordinates sent via connected GPS
 Otherwise, your position may be entered manually
 Position Reports are sent to:
 Winlink system map
 ShipTrak maps
 APRS maps
 YotReps maps
 Extremely valuable for pinpointing locations,
especially for maritime operation
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Posting a Position Report
Data from a
connected
GPS unit.
Useful in
tracking with
e-mailed
disaster
assessments.
WX
assistance to
the NWS
Voluntary
Marine
Observation
Program.
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Winlink.org Real-time Position Report Page
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Position Tracking
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GRIB File Requests
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GRIB Map Returned by Winlink System
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RMSMessageLog ICS-309 Generator
Messages
during
period
Select
folders
Starting &
ending
report
period
Generate
ICS-309
pdf file
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Generated ICS-309 PDF Message Log Report
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Winlink Radio-Only Messages RMS Hub
 New capability for Winlink system
 Radio-only: No Internet connection is required
 RMS node running the RMS Relay program acts as a standalone
message hub for multiple users
 Messages are stored in a local database on the hub until picked up by
the recipient
 Any number of stations can communicate as long as they all connect
to the same hub
 Standard e-mail format is used and file attachments are supported
 Option to hold messages until Internet available
 HF forwarding to a RMS station via Pactor
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Radio-Only Message Hub Topology
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
HF Forwarding from Radio-Only Hub
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Winlink Peer-To-Peer Radio-Only Operation
 Peer-to-peer: direct radio connection between end-users
 The Internet is not used, all communication by radio
 Only the two client stations are involved
 100% error-free transmission and file attachments
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
New “Trimode” RMS Node Software
 Single program allows one radio/computer to control:
 Pactor
 Winmor
 Robust Packet
 The RMS station simultaneously monitors and




responds to connections from all three protocols.
A single computer and radio can service up to 8
channels with any mix of protocols.
Each channel has its own service code
Replaces RMS Pactor and RMS WINMOR
Enhances interoperability between modes
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Trimode RMS Channel Setup Screen
 Per channel: Frequency, Bandwidth, scan period, modes, callsign, & class of service
 Flexibility allows conforming to regulatory environments
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
General notes
 HF usage has a time limit of 120 minutes a month for
public users
 VHF/UHF access is unlimited
 Use the same audio/mic gain settings as you would in
PSK 31 operation (don’t overdrive, less is more)
 Verify the frequency is clear before attempting to
connect to an RMS
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Winlink Drop Kits for Field Operation
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
WL2K Implementation Strategies
Case 1: Isolated User/Agency
 For this case, HF is the answer
 Blount County EMA EOC Oneonta, AL
 HF Radio

SCS Modem
 PACTOR
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
WL2K Implementation Strategies
Case 2: Small Community
 Madison, AL
 Single local VHF RMS Packet server
 145.010
 VHF Digipeaters: Madison, Morgan, and Franklin
Counties providing access to a large area of North
Alabama
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
WL2K Implementation Strategies
Case 3: Birmingham Metropolitan Area
 Jefferson/Shelby Counties
 2 local VHF RMS Packet servers
 Homewood (145.050), Hoover (145.010)
 VHF digipeater BHM9 (Shades Mountain) and a
Walker County digipeater is off air
 RMS Relay (1) with HF forwarding
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Hurricane Sandy
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Amateur Radio Saves Lives
On Monday morning, October 29, the tall ship HMS Bounty was
in the embrace of Hurricane Sandy 90 miles off Hatteras, NC and
taking on water. Doug Faunt, N6TQS, survivor and ship's
electrician, told the ARRL that the Bounty crew tried various
methods to call for help, including a satellite phone, “... we got
nothing when tried calling out on HF. We tried calling the
Maritime Mobile Net, but nothing was out there. We had
Winlink on the ship that we used for e-mail and accessing the
Internet to post to blogs and to Facebook, and we finally found
an e-mail address for the Coast Guard. As a last-ditch effort, we
used Winlink to e-mail the Coast Guard for help. Within an
hour, we heard a C-130 plane, and later, a helicopter overhead.”
According to Faunt, it was Captain Robin Walbridge, KD4OHZ,
as master of the ship, who sent out the distress messages.
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Alabama WL2K Recent Additions
VHF digipeater (145.010) provides access to Madison
County RMS
 Huntsville area
 VHF RMS inWhitesburg (N4WGY on 145.010)
 Provides access to Madison County RMS
 South Alabama
 VHF RMS in Wetumpka (K4GR on 145.690)
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Conclusion
 Winlink use continues to grow, especially for EmComm.
 The Winlink Development Team continues to enhance
capabilities to adapt to changing needs
 Service Codes provide a much-needed enhancement to




channel management
RMS Express and Paclink have been enhanced to improve
EmComm service.
Radio-only Winlink store and forward hubs
Trimode RMS server consolidation
V4 CHAT client (FEC & ARQ connected mode)
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Conclusion
 Less is more! Reduce mic gain or computer sound card
output for best results.
 Use the same audio settings for Winlink as you use PSK31
 If you show Automatic Level Control (ALC) active, you
are providing too much audio to the rig.
 Technicians? Not too hard to upgrade to general,
Technicians can have an available control op, use VHF
Winlink nodes or peer to peer mode above 30 MHz
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Shameless Plug
Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network
SATERN
www.satern.org
Net on Saturday mornings at 10:00A.M central
7.262 MHz
Everyday except Sunday on 14.265 kHz SSB @1500Z
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.
Thank you!
Questions?
 Information about Winlink can be found at
www.winlink.org
 For more information, contact Mark Parmley,
NR4J nr4j@1791.com
 http://webpages.charter.net/nr4jmark
Amateur Radio Safety Foundation, Inc.