• 1. What is this study based on? How did the group determine levels of corruption?
• 2. How have the countries at the top of the list (least corrupt countries) made efforts to prevent future corruption?
• 3. What kind of faults have been found with this survey?
What do you think of the validity of the survey?
• 4. Take a look at the map and the varying levels of corruption. What do you think about it? Where are the most corrupt and least corrupt countries concentrated?

5/12/14

• State
▫ A territory where a population lives that has a permanent government which the population pays its allegiance to and which is recognized diplomatically by other states
• Theory
▫ Seeks to explain past state behavior and predict the future behavior of states
• Anarchy
▫ Not absence of rules, but absence of central government to enforce rules

• Realism
• Liberalism
• Constructivism

• The international system is ANARCHIC, no central government exists
• The STATE is the primary actor
• States are rational actors
▫ They advance their national interest by making rational decisions
• Power and Security are the most important
▫ Self-help world
▫ States will make decisions that help them feel secure
• Morality isn’t relevant in politics
• Zero-sum game

▫ Hegemonic Stability Theory
 Based in realism
 Hegemony: influence or control over another country
 Theory basically argues that the international political system is most stable when one state is powerful

• Human nature is basically good
• Bad behavior (war) is due to inadequate social institutions and miscommunication between leaders
▫ Countries can cooperate and mutually benefit
• International organizations, like the UN and EU are central and important
• Essentially about democracy

• Democratic peace theory
▫ The theory posits that democracies are less likely to go to to war with each other
 Ex: the U.S. and UK are both democracies, war between them is unlikely
▫ A very widely held theory

• “emphasizes the impact of ideas, identities, norms, and culture in world politics” –Tufts IR guide
• Materialism not important (power and trade aren’t)

• For example, how the U.S. views an atomic bomb in North Korea is different from how it views one in the UK
▫ Materially—an atomic bomb is an atomic bomb
▫ But it takes on different meanings
▫ The U.S. reacts to social relationship differently
 To North Korea, U.S. has hostile relationship, interest to resist
 To UK, U.S. has mutually beneficial relationship, no interest in containing them

• Liberalism
▫ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZbDMUaqw
E8
• Realism
▫ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UnKEFSVAi
NQ&list=PL9122B69A0D2A0639
• Constructivism
▫ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kYU9UfkV_
XI

• The two countries recently celebrated 800 years of diplomatic relations!
• In 1213- King John of England
▫ Sent 1 st embassy to Morocco
▫ Hope to make friends with Sultan Mohamed
Ennassir
 Wanted his support in fighting European enemies
 Which theory could describe this situation?

• Trade
▫ First trade mission by the UK to Morocco was established in 1550
▫ English traders granted special status so trade expanded quickly
▫ “In 2012, bilateral trade in goods between the two countries passed £1bn for the first time” (gov.UK)
▫ The UKTI office in Casa helps business in Morocco
▫ What would a constructivist say about trade?

• 1661-1684
▫ Britain controls Tangier against Morocco’s wishes
 Sultan Moulay Ismail fought against this
 Britain eventually found it too costly to maintain
▫ Explained by realism?
 Britain hope to gain territory to maintain its security
 Morocco hoped to gain territory to maintain its security
 Both were acting rationally, as unitary actors

th
th
• Treaties of Peace and Commerce in 1721 and
1760
• Morocco remained independent through this time period
▫ Part of this could be due to Britain’s commitment to maintaining the Kingdom, as this would protect
Britain’s interests in Gibralter
 Again, a very realist view
 Britain acting in its own security, keeping this relationship in order to feel secure and gain power

• Arab Partnership
▫ 2011, UK announced its commitment to help political change happen in the MENA region
▫ 3 goals (from gov.uk)
 Encourage greater political participation
 Increase gov’t transparency and limit corruption
 Supporting media to create democratic debate
• “British and Moroccan ministers have frequent contact on a wide range of political issues including political reform and human rights, and we cooperate in international forums like the United Nations.”