Inovácia obsahu a metód vzdelávania prispôsobená potrebám
vedomostnej spoločnosti
Art History II
Gothic Art
VYPRACOVAL: Mgr, Vladislav, Kravec
Február 2015
„Moderné vzdelávanie pre vedomostnú spoločnosť/Projekt je spolufinancovaný zo zdrojov EÚ“
Content
The Gothic Period
• Origins
• Architecture
• Sculpture
• Painting
• Stained glass
The Gothic Period
Origins
• Gothic means „barbaric“ , opposite of
rational, logical and ordered Antique Classic
mode
• The Gothic period refers to a medieval style of
art that lasted from about 1150 to 1500 in the
northern European countries and until 1450 in
Italy
• The final time in Europe when the church was
the primary patron of the fine arts
The Gothic Period
Architecture
• Choir at the Abbey Church of St. Denis (outside of
Paris) is considered to be one of the origins of the
Gothic architecture
• From about 1200 to 1270 in France developed what
was called „The Age of the Great Cathedrals.“
• The style spread to almost every nothern European
country
• It emphasized interior height (vertical)
• Is dynamic
The Gothic Period
Architecture
 Inovations:
1. The pointed arch
(lomený oblúk) –roots
in Moslem architecture,
created downwards
pressure carried by
internal columns or
cluster piers
The Gothic Period
Architecture
2. The rib groin vault
(rebrová krížová
klenba), was lighter,
allowed thinner
covering over the
ribbed structure,
pressure thrusted to 4
points
The Gothic Period
Architecture
3. The flying buttress
(vonkajšia oporná tyč,
pilier) supporting bar
on the outside, which
carried the weight of
the internal ceiling rib
vaults away from the
inside walls to the
outside wals and
eventually down to the
ground
The Gothic Period
Architecture
4. The wall buttress or
bastion (vonkajší
pilier) a verical pier
built onto the outer
wall of the building
5. Windows , larger as
the walls did not
support the ceiling,
the most beautiful was
the rose or wheel
window
The Gothic Period
Sculpture
1. Architectural themes (free standing and relief works
in and outside the church)
2. Devotional work such as free-standing sculptures of
Madonna and Child, Crucifixes and Pietas
3. Tomb effigies (usually of French and English nobility
placed on floors of churches)
4. Altarpieces and shrines primarily done in Germany
5. Gargoyles or fantastic beasts(served as rain spouts)
The Gothic Period
Painting
• Strong influence of Byzantine style :
o flat
o linear
o two-dimensional figures
o lack of a background setting
• Gradually affected by the Gothic sculpture:
o depth and body attitudes
o spiritual quality
The Gothic Period
Painting
Types:
1. Gothic panel painting:
― emerged in Italy (esp.Florence and Siena)
― oak panel, coated with a smooth gesso
― tempera
a) The Proto-Renaissance manner(1250-1350) –
Classic imagery
b) The International Style(1330-1420)
more northern-inspired style- decorative
Giotto di Bondone (c.1266-1337)
Masolino (1383-1440)
2. Gothic manuscript painting
― made in urban workshops or by monks in
monasteries
― Painters were the ancestors of the printers
and publishers or the later periods
― Not only painted anonymously
• Famous manuscript painters include:
― Master Honoré
― Jean Pucelle
― The Limbourg Brothers
Master Honoré
The Limbourg Brothers
3. Gothic fresco painting
― primarily occured in Italy- Florence, Siena
and Rome
― The Classic Antique was influencial (Florence
and Rome)
― International Style (Siena)
• Noted Artists were:
― Giotto di Bondone
― Lorenzetti
― Cavallini
Gothic Stained Glass
• developed rapidly and eventually replaced
illuminated manuscripts
• became an individual craft
• made of tinted glass held together by lead
strips
• details of hair , eyes and drapery were handpainted onto the glass
Stained glass making
sources
• https://s-media-cacheak0.pinimg.com/236x/d1/f7/77/d1f777019f7afb6e39e45d8ca
81fb1df.jpg
• https://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/43/flashcards/29
75043/png/pointedarches13052454568071430002918B0CC9FBDB.png
• http://passport2design.com/wpcontent/uploads/2011/03/flying_buttress-nvcc.edu_.jpg
• http://www.britainexpress.com/images/attractions/editor/ch
urches/Bury-St-Edmunds-Cathedral-1614.jpg
• http://www.athenapub.com/P8250068d-north.GIF
• http://uploads5.wikiart.org/images/giotto/exorcism-of-thedemons-at-arezzo-1299.jpg
• https://shootingthings4fun.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/rose
-window.jpg
• http://blog.sme.sk/blog/15132/322721/rr.jpg
• http://www.victorianweb.org/sculpture/armstead/30.jpg
• http://www.mountainsoftravelphotos.com/USA%20%20New%20York%20City/Cloisters/slides/New%20York%20Cl
oisters%2028%20009%20Gothic%20Chapel%20%20Tomb%20Effigy%20of%20Jean%20d'Alluye%20%20France%201248.jpg
• http://www.frenchmoments.eu/wpcontent/uploads/2012/12/Amiens-Cathedral-2-2.jpg
• http://artmight.com/Artists/Masolino-Tommaso-13831440/masolino-291173p.html
• http://allart.biz/up/photos/album/G/Giotto%20di%20Bondon
e/giotto_di_bondone_5_ognissanti_madonna.jpg
• https://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/157/flashcards/9
58157/jpg/david_and_goliath.master_honore1322377453962
.jpg
• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Ambr
ogio_Lorenzetti_008.jpg
• https://05varvara.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/pietrocavallini-seated-apostles-detail-of-the-last-judgment-chiesadi-santa-cecilia-in-trastevere-rome-italy-1290s.jpg
• http://www.everything-stained-glass.com/imagefiles/stained-glass-soldering-1.jpg
• http://www.bathaquaglass.com/user/Making
_Stained_Glass_015.jpg
• http://littlehappymouse.blogspot.sk/2012/03/
gloucester-cathedral-open-west.html