ANDROID
BY:-AANCHAL MEHTA
MNW-880-2K11
Introduction to Android
• Open software platform for mobile
development
• A complete stack – OS, Middleware,
Applications
• An Open Handset Alliance (OHA) project
• Powered by Linux operating system
• Fast application development in Java
FEATURES
•
•
•
•
•
Messaging
Java support
Connectivity
Media support
Multiple language
support
• Storage
• Handset layouts
• Web browser
• Additional hardware
support
• Voice based features
• Multi tasking
• Video calling
• Screen capture
• Multi touch
ARCHITECTURE
APPLICATION
• Usually developed in java programming
language.
• Android software development kit is
used.
• But a native development kit is also used
for applications in C and C++.
• Google app inventor for novice users.
APPLICATION FRAMEWORK
Underlying all applications is a set of services
and systems, including:
• A rich and extensible set of views that can be
used to build an application, including lists,
grids, text boxes, buttons, and even an
embeddable web browser
• Content Providers that enable applications to
access data from other applications (such as
Contacts), or to share their own data
APPLICATION FRAMEWORK (contd.)
• A Resource Manager, providing access to noncode resources such as localized strings,
graphics, and layout files
• A Notification Manager that enables all
applications to display custom alerts in the
status bar.
• An Activity Manager that manages the
lifecycle of applications and provides a
common navigation backstack.
LIBRARY
Various libraries that are included in android
architecture are:• System C library
• Media Libraries
• Surface Manager
• SGL
• 3D libraries
• FreeType
• SQLite
ANDROID RUNTIME
• Every android application runs its own
process,with its own instance of dalvil virtual
machine.
• The Dalvik VM executes files in the Dalvik
Executable (.dex) format
• VM runs classes compiled by a Java language
compiler that have been transformed into the
.dex format
LINUX KERNEL
• Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for core
system services
• security, memory management, process
management, network stack, and driver
model are services provided by kernel.
• It acts as an abstraction layer between the
hardware and the rest of the software stack
HISTORY
• OCTOBER,2003-FOUNDATION
• AUGUST,2005-ACQUISITION BY GOOGLE
• 2007-OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE
USES
• Used on smartphones, laptops, netbooks,
tablets, google tv.
• First commercial phone available to run
android was HTC DREAM, in 2008.
• iOS and Android 2.3.3 'Gingerbread' may be
set up to dual boot on a jailbroken iPhone or
iPod Touch with the help of OpeniBoot and
iDroid.
VERSIONS OF ANDROID
ANDROID MARKET
• the online software store developed by Google for Android devices
• An application program ("app") called "Market" is preinstalled on most
Android devices and allows users to browse and download apps published
by third-party developers .
• As on december,2010 there were 200,000 games, applications and
widgets available on the Android Market.
• In April 2011 Google said there had been more than 3 billion Android
apps installed[
• at end of June 2011 there are 6 billion apps installs from the Android
market.
• The Market filters the list of applications presented by the Market app to
those that are compatible with the user's device
Contd…
• developers may restrict their applications to particular carriers or
countries for business reasons.
• Google has participated in the Android Market by offering several
applications themselves ,including:a)google voice
b)sky map
c)maps editor
d)google shopper,etc
• users can install apps from third party app stores such as
the Amazon Appstore, or directly onto the device if they have the
application's APK file
APPLICATION SECURITY
• Android application run in a sandbox.
• Before installing an application, android market
displays all required permission.
• After reviewing these permissions, the user can
decide whether to install the application.
• Some Android malware incidents have been
reported involving rogue applications
• In some cases applications which
contained trojans were hidden in pirated versions
of legitimate apps
APPLICATION SECURITY
• Google has responded by removing malicious apps
from the Android Market, and remotely disabling
them on infected devices.
• Security firms such as AVG Technologies and
Symantec have released antivirus software for
Android devices.
REFERENCES
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operati
ng_system)#Features
• http://developer.android.com/