Post WWII Society Goal 10 Returning Home GI Bill of Rights Up to 1 year of unemployment benefits Paid college education Housing shortages William Levitt begins suburban mass produced homes (Levittown) Mass produced suburbs popup all over US Baby Boom US population dramatically increases Economic Boom After slight dip, economy booms GNP doubles by 1960 (US Market Economy) US gains nickname “Affluent Society” Truman’s Presidency Early in office had trouble w/ unions Threatens to draft striking workers Truman supports equal rights for African Americans No cooperation from Congress Passes executive order integrating military Close election in 1948 Truman runs on an anti-Congress platform Wins by slightest of margins (“Dewey Defeats Truman”) Becomes unpopular due to Korean War Does not run for re-election in 1952 Dwight D. Eisenhower easily wins 1952 election Nixon was VP candidate “Checkers speech” Society Changes New technologies (TVs, computers, nuclear power plants, etc.) Jobs shift more towards white collar Emphasis on social conformity Franchising becomes popular (ex – McDonalds) Automotive society More people live in suburbs; drive to work Interstate Highway Act (1956) 41,000 miles of roads created Consumerism Manufacturers begin planned obsolescence (US becomes known as throwaway society) Increased spending on credit Americans bought cars, gadgets for their homes, vacations, etc. in unprecedented numbers Values and Beliefs Renewed emphasis on religion Billy Graham begins crusades Congress addresses “godless communism” Adds “under God” to Pledge of Allegiance (1954) Adds “in God we trust” to all US currency (1955) Conformity a major issue (don’t want to be viewed as a possible communist) Some begin to rebel Beatniks – group known for anti conformity 1st hippies Open drug use & sexuality Jack Kerouac - leader Values continued Cult of Domesticity re-emerges A few advocated that science supported the idea that women could only find fulfillment as a homemaker. The concept of a woman’s place being in the home was widespread in magazines, TV, and society in general. TV shows: Father Knows Best, Ozzie & Harriet, Leave it to Beaver,