Basic Readings - Weeks 1-12 - Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca

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UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DE LA MIXTECA
CENTRO DE IDIOMAS, DIVISION DE ESTUDIOS DE POSGRADO
ENGLISH LANGUAGE READING PROGRAM: BASIC LEVEL
PROGRAMA DE LECTURA
NIVEL BÁSICO
Semestre 2015-1
1
Table of Contents
Posgrado Programa de Lectura: Nivel Básico ...................................................................................... 4
Números importantes para el curso .................................................................................................. 4
Formato del curso ............................................................................................................................ 4
Week 1 readings: Parts of speech ....................................................................................................... 5
La gramática .................................................................................................................................... 5
Reading 1 ......................................................................................................................................... 7
Reading 2 ......................................................................................................................................... 9
Week 2 Readings: Daily routines ....................................................................................................... 11
La gramática: El presente simple y el presente continuo ................................................................ 11
Reading 1: Daily routines (simple present tense)............................................................................ 12
Reading 2: Describing a scene (the present continuous) ................................................................ 14
Week 3 Readings: Talking about work / your studies ......................................................................... 16
Grammar: Simple present tense questions ..................................................................................... 16
Grammar rules: Present continuous questions ............................................................................... 16
Reading 1: The man who loves tornadoes...................................................................................... 17
Reading 2: What do you do? .......................................................................................................... 19
Week 4 Readings: Talking about your family ..................................................................................... 21
Grammar: Pronouns and possessive adjectives ............................................................................. 21
Grammar: The possessive ‘s .......................................................................................................... 21
Vocabulary: Family ......................................................................................................................... 21
Reading 1: Jim’s family................................................................................................................... 22
Reading 2: A letter from a penpal ................................................................................................... 24
Week 5 readings: Hobbies / Free time activities ................................................................................. 26
Grammar: Adjectives, Adverbs and expressions of frequency ........................................................ 26
Reading 1: Mary’s hobbies and interests ........................................................................................ 27
Reading 2: Skiing ........................................................................................................................... 28
Week 6 readings: Childhood and youth.............................................................................................. 30
Grammar: The simple past ............................................................................................................. 30
Reading 1: A first year university student........................................................................................ 31
Reading 2: A long and happy life .................................................................................................... 32
Week 7 Readings: Hobbies in the past .............................................................................................. 33
Grammar: The simple past ............................................................................................................. 33
Grammar: The past continuous ...................................................................................................... 33
Reading 1: A letter to a friend ......................................................................................................... 34
Reading 2: The helpful dolphin ....................................................................................................... 35
Week 8 Readings: Past jobs / studies ................................................................................................ 37
2
Vocabulary: Choosing the right word .............................................................................................. 37
Grammar: Parts of speech – revision ............................................................................................. 37
Grammar: Simple past - revision .................................................................................................... 38
Reading 1: Tom Stone.................................................................................................................... 39
Reading 2: Gunpei Yokoi (1941-1997) ........................................................................................... 40
Week 9 Readings : Last vacation ....................................................................................................... 42
Grammar: Simple past.................................................................................................................... 42
Reading 1: Letter from Jim ............................................................................................................. 42
Reading 2: A School Trip to Paris ................................................................................................... 44
Week 10 Readings: Next vacation ..................................................................................................... 46
Grammar: The future with (be) going to, the future with ‘will’ .......................................................... 46
Reading 1: My terrible holiday ........................................................................................................ 46
Reading 2: Advice to Business Travellers....................................................................................... 48
Week 11 Readings: Jobs and studies ................................................................................................ 50
Grammar: The future ...................................................................................................................... 50
Reading 1: Be careful out there! ..................................................................................................... 50
Reading 2: Planning for the future .................................................................................................. 51
Week 12 readings: Consolidation ....................................................................................................... 53
Grammar ........................................................................................................................................ 53
Reading 1: Mad about Becks.......................................................................................................... 53
Reading 2: Letter from Ben ............................................................................................................ 55
Answers ............................................................................................................................................. 57
3
Posgrado Programa de Lectura: Nivel Básico
¡Bienvenidos al Programa de Lectura del nivel Básico del inglés!
Números importantes para el curso
Examen final
1
El examen final se aplicará el 6 de febrero del 2015. El alumno tendrá que presentarse al
Centro de Idiomas para tomar el examen. El examen tendrá dos lecturas, y cuatro
actividades para cada lectura.
Lecturas para cada semana
2
Hay dos lecturas cada semana: la lectura corta y la lectura larga.
La lectura corta tiene entre 100 y 150 palabras. La lectura larga tiene entre 200 y 400
palabras.
Parciales
3
Hay tres parciales. Cada parcial consiste de una lectura, y cuatro actividades para la
lectura. Aquí tiene la fecha para las parciales:
1. 28 de octubre del 2014
2. 3 de diciembre del 2014
3. 23 de enero del 2015
Actividades para cada lectura
4
12
Hay cuatro actividades para cada lectura. Uno se trata de la gramática, otra actividad
trata del vocabulario, y dos actividades están enfocados en comprensión de lectura.
Semanas
El curso tomará 12 semanas, empezando el 6 de octubre, y terminando el 16 de enero.
Formato del curso
Para cada semana, hay una tema, y un plan gramático. La primera sección de las materiales para la
semana se tratará de la gramática. Esta sección es opcional. La segunda sección es la lectura corta,
y la tercera sección es la lectura larga.
Temas y Gramática para cada semana
Semana
Tema
Gramática
Semana
Tema
Gramática
1
La estructura de
oraciones en inglés
Parts of speech (nouns,
verbs, etc)
7
Hobbies in the past
Simple past tense, used to
8
Past jobs / studies
Simple past tense
2
Daily routines
Simple present and present
continuous
9
Last vacation
Simple past tense
3
Work / studies
Simple present tense
10
Next vacation
Future with will and be going
to
4
Family
Simple present tense
11
5
Hobbies / free time
Simple present tense
Jobs / studies:
hopes and dreams
Future with will and be going
to
6
Childhood and youth
Simple past tense
12
Consolidation
Past, present and future
4
Week 1 readings: Parts of speech
La gramática
Definition of terms
Terms
Definition
Examples
Adjectives
Palabras que modifican los sustantivos
Pretty, big, old, angry, smelly,
interesting, good
Adverbs
Palabras que modifican verbos, y tambien otros
adverbios
Interestingly, quickly, intelligently,
well, badly, slowly
Conjunctions
Palabras que juntas dos palabras, frases, o And, but, because, so, either, or
clausulas
Determiners
Palabras que indican que la palabra que sigue A, an, the, this, that, my*, your*,
es un sustantivo
his*, her*, one, many, a lot of, some
[Las palabras marcado con * son determiners y
tambien adjetivos posesivos.]
Prepositions
Palabras que vienen antes de un sustantivo, y
expresa una relacion entre ese sustantivo y otra
palabra o parte de la oración
On, in, under, behind, before, in
front of, beside, across from, next
to, around
Pronouns
Palabras que reemplazan los sustantivos
I, he she, him, her, their, you, it,
they, we, us.
Nouns
Palabras que nombran gente, cosas, lugares o Susana, Robert, book, train, knife,
ideas
bread, cheese
Verbs
Palabras que expresan una acción o estado
eat, play, read, hold, have, take,
make, think, ask, feel, like
Word order in sentences
La forma básica de la oración en inglés es:
Subject + Verb.
Oraciones como I run. (Yo corro.) Mary drives.(Mary se maneja.) Kelly is reading. (Kelly está leyendo.)
son oraciones completas en inglés. (Nota: En español, por los cambios de los verbos, a veces no se
necesita usar un sujeto, En inglés siempre se usa el sujeto.
Para formar oraciones más complejas, agregamos un objeto o complemento – algo que contesta la
pregunta ‘¿qué?’ o da más información:
I run marathons. (Corro maratones.)
Mary drives her car. (Mary maneja su carro.)
Kelly is reading a book. Kelly está leyendo un libro.)
Se puede escribir oraciones aun más complejas agregando más información (en frases o clausulas).
Con frecuencia, usamos preposiciones o conjunciones para agregar frases y clausulas.
I run marathons twice a year for fun.
5
Mary drives her car to work at 7 o’clock every morning.
Kelly is reading her book and eating an apple.
Tambien podemos agregar más información usando adjetivos y adverbios. Adjetivos describen
sustantivos (contestan la pregunta ‘¿que tipo de sustantivo es?’), y adverbios definen cómo se hizo
una acción.
Sentence
Question the adjective or adverb answers
I run short marathons.
What type of marathons do you run?
Mary drives her old car slowly to work.
1) What type of car does Mary have?
2) How does Mary drive her car to work?
Kelly is reading a boring book and eating a big
red juicy apple.
6
1) What type of book is Mary reading?
2) What type of apple is Mary eating?
Reading 1
Lisa and Alan work in a bank. Lisa lives with her parents. Alan shares an apartment with his
elder brother. Lisa and Alan are good friends. They drive to work together every day, in Alan’s
car. Lisa works as a cashier, and Alan fixes the bank’s computers. They finish work at 5:00p.m.
After work, Lisa goes to the gym, and does exercise. She likes to run on the treadmill, and lift
weights. When she finishes exercising, she has a long, hot shower, and then takes the bus
home. She is usually tired when she gets home, so she has dinner with her parents, and then
goes to bed at 10 o’clock.
Alan drives home alone. He and his brother watch the six o’clock news. Then they make
dinner. Alan’s brother is a good cook, so the dinner is always delicious. Alan eats a huge dinner
and then goes to sleep.
[Reading 1 is adapted from Grammar Sense 1, p.138. (149words)]
1.1 Comprehension. Who does it? Write the name of the person in each line. [¿Quién lo
hace? Escriba el nombre de la persona en cada fila.]
Ej. lives with parents
Lisa
c. Takes a bus
a. Fixes computers
d. Drives
b. Does exercise
e. Watches the news
1.2 Vocabulary. Find the word in the reading that has the same meaning as the word in
Spanish below. [Busca una palabra en la lectura que tiene el mismo significado como
la palabra escrito aqui en español.]
a. compartir
c. solito
b. una ducha
d. las noticias
1.3 Comprehension. True, False, or Doesn’t say? [¿Verdadero, Falso, o No dice?]
1. Lisa wakes up at 10.00 o’clock every day.
True
False
Doesn’t say
2. Lisa has a shower at the gym.
True
False
Doesn’t say
3. Alan goes home after work.
True
False
Doesn’t say
4. Alan eats dinner. Then he watches the news.
True
False
Doesn’t say
7
1.4 Grammar. Put the words in the first three sentences into the following table. The
number of words in each category (without repetitions) is given in brackets. [Toma
palabras de las tres primeras oraciones de la lectura. Ponlas en la columna a cual
padecen. El número de palabras que pueden estar en cada columna (sin repeticiones)
está escrito entre paréntesis.]
Ejemplo: Articles (2)
A, an
Noun (6)
Verb (3)
Adjective (1)
Preposition (2)
Pronoun (2)
8
Reading 2
What Kind of Learner Are You?
Researchers say that there are at least
three different types of learners.
Some learners are
good listeners.
Teachers like them
because they always
follow instructions.
Julie Hong is a
student like this. She
gets A’s in all her
classes at Deerfield
High School in
Connecticut. She loves school, and her
teachers love her because she always pays
attention in class. “I pay attention because I
don’t want to miss important information,”
she says.
He is usually very good with ideas and
concepts but sometimes has problems with
details. “New ideas are exciting, but I often
get bored at the end of a big project,” Larry
admits.
Some learners rarely learn
from books or pictures.
They are “hands-on”
learners. They learn from
experience. Pete
Donaldson is a good
example of a hands-on
learner. Pete is studying
computer science at the
University of Florida. Pete never reads
computer manuals and seldom looks at
diagrams. He just spends hours on the
computer. “That’s the best way for me to
learn,” he says.
Some people learn from
pictures and diagrams.
They are very creative but
don’t like details. Larry
Dawson is a good example
of this kind of learner. He is
studying graphic design at
Warfield Community College in Ohio.
So, what kind of learner are you?
Do you always learn the same way? Or do
you learn one way in some classes, and
another way in others?
[Reading 2 is taken from Grammar Sense 1, p.155. (240 words)]
2.1 Vocabulary. Find the word or phrase that has the same meaning, from the reading.
[Busca la palabra, o frase, que tiene el mismo significado en la lectura.]
Paragraph 1: Julie Hong
Paragraph 2: Larry Dawson
1. así
3. no les gusta
2. perder
4. dice
2.2 Comprehension. Read the sentences. Fix the mistakes. [Lee las oraciones que
siguen. Checa la lectura y corrige los errores.]
A Larry le gusta fijarse en los detalles del cualquier trabajo que está haciendo. Larry estudia en una
escuela en Connecticut. Tener que terminar un proyecto le aburre. Pete estudia Ciencias
Empresariales en la universidad, y al él le gusta leer manuales de computación.
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2.3 Comprehension. True or False? [¿Verdadero o Falso?]
1. Teachers like good listeners.
True
False
2. Good listeners don’t always follow instructions.
True
False
3. Julie Hong does well in school.
True
False
4. Hands-on learners don’t usually learn from books.
True
False
2.4 Grammar. Circle the correct part of speech for each word below. All the words
come from the reading. [Escoge la respuesta correcta. Todas las palabras aparecen en
la lectura.]
Paragraph 1: Julie Hong
1. learners
a) noun
b) verb
c) adjective
d) adverb
2. always
a) noun
b) verb
c) adjective
d) adverb
3. in
a) noun
b) adjective
c) preposition
d) conjunction
4. because
a) noun
b) adjective
c) preposition
d) conjunction
5. very
a) adjective
b) adverb
c) preposition
d) conjunction
6. is studying
a) article
b) pronoun
c) verb
d) adverb
7. problems
a) article
b) adverb
c) noun
d) conjunction
8. bored
a) noun
b) adjective
c) adverb
d) article
Paragraph 2: Larry Dawson
Paragraph 3: Pete Donaldson
9. or
a) article
b) preposition
c) conjunction
d) adverb
10. hands-on
a) adjective
b) noun
c) adverb
d) conjunction
11. seldom
a) preposition
b) adverb
c) noun
d) pronoun
12. me
a) verb
b) noun
c) adjective
d) pronoun
10
Week 2 Readings: Daily routines
La gramática: El presente simple y el presente continuo
Usamos el presente simple para hablar de cosas que hacemos diario, o con frecuencia. Ej. I do my
homework everyday. Tambien usamos el presente simple para hablar de emociones. Ej. I am angry.
Usamos el presente continuo para hablar de lo que esta pasando en el momento. Ej. I am reading my
lecture notes.
La gramática del presente simple: oraciones
Las oraciones toman la forma: Subject + verb (+ complement).
Ejemplo: Oraciones simples
Subject
Verb
Complement
Subject
Verb
Complement
Mary
lives
.
Alanna
gets up
at 5.00 o’clock.
Susan
lives
in a house.
I
buy
chocolates.
Tomás
lives
alone.
They
go
to school.
Para escribir oraciones más complejas, agregamos más información (complementos).
Subject
Verb
Complement 1
Complement 2
Complemento 3
Susan
lives
in a house
outside town
with her parents.
Tomás
lives
alone
in an apartment.
Alanna
gets up
at 5.00 o’clock
everyday.
I
buy
chocolates
from the store
They
go
to school.
once a week.
La gramática del presente continuo: oraciones
Las oraciones toman la forma: Subject + verbo auxiliar + verbo principal en ‘gerundio’ (+
complement).
Ejemplo: Oraciones simples
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
verb
Complement
Mary
is
reading
a book.
Derek
is
writing
a letter.
Joe and Sue
are
playing
tennis.
I
am
doing
my homework.
Para escribir oraciones mas complejas, agregamos mas información (complementos).
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
verb
Complement 1
Complement 2
Mary
is
reading
a book
at home.
Derek
is
writing
a letter
to his father.
Joe and Sue
are
playing
tennis
in their backyard.
I
am
doing
my homework.
11
Reading 1: Daily routines (simple present tense)
Read what Rachel does every day.
I get up about seven thirty, have a shower and then have breakfast about eight o’clock.
I have orange juice and toast. Then, I go to my office—I work in advertising. I don’t eat snacks
so I’m quite hungry by lunchtime. I have lunch at one fifteen. I have an hour for lunch, and I
often go to a café near my office. I have salad and sometimes I have a cake. And to drink?
Well, water.
I get home from work about five thirty. I have dinner at about six thirty and I like
cooking so I try to make something healthy—usually chicken or fish with rice or pasta. I never
have a dessert, but I do have a cup of coffee after dinner. Then, I often go out—maybe to the
cinema or with friends. I’m usually in bed by ten thirty during the week.
[Modified from Objective KET. (149 words)]
1.1 Comprehension. Put the things Rachel does in order. Note: Some items on the list
below might not appear in the reading. Ignore these. [Ponga en orden las cosas que
Rachel hace diario. (Nota: Es posible que haya cosas en la lista abajo que no aparecen
en la lectura. Ignorelas.)]
Cook dinner
Drink coffee
Get up
Go home
Go to work
Have a snack
Have breakfast
Have lunch
Meet friends
1.2 True, False, or Doesn’t Say? (¿Verdadero, Falso, o No dice?)
1. Rachel´s daily routine starts before 7:30.
2. After breakfast, she goes to her office.
True
True
False
False
Doesn’t say
Doesn’t say
3. She thinks the chocolate cakes are delicious.
4. She never drinks coffee or tea.
True
True
False
False
Doesn’t say
Doesn’t say
1.3. Answer the questions. [Conteste las preguntas.]
1. What time does Rachel have breakfast?
2. Does Rachel work in a bank?
3. Who cooks dinner at Rachel’s house?
4. What does Rachel do at ten-thirty at night?
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1.4 Write three simple sentences, and three sentences that are more complex, using
the information in the reading. [Escriba tres oraciones simples, y tres oraciones mas
complejas, utilizando la información en la lectura.]
Subject
Ej: Silvia
1.
Verb
gets up
Complement 1
about seven thirty.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
13
Complement 2
Complemento 3
Reading 2: Describing a scene (the present continuous)
Read the following entry from Julia’s journal.
12 September
It’s morning – my favourite time of day in Seattle. The city is waking up, and I am too. I’m sitting in
a small coffee shop. Outside, the weather is gloomy. It’s cloudy, but it isn’t raining. Two people are
waiting at the bus stop. The woman is angry. She is pointing to her watch. She’s complaining to the
man next to her. He isn’t listening. He’s reading his newspaper.
A couple is sitting on a bench. They’re about 25. The woman is wearing a waitress’s uniform. The
man is wearing a bus driver’s uniform. They aren’t talking. They are just holding hands and smiling
at each other. I’m sure they are in love.
Another couple is standing next to them. They’re both about 40. They are carrying briefcases and
wearing expensive clothes. They aren’t talking; they aren’t holding hands; and they aren’t smiling.
They are married – I’m sure. Are they fighting? Maybe. The woman is looking at the young couple.
Maybe she’s thinking about happier times.
I like sitting in this café every morning and watching the world go by. I like imagining stories for each
person I see. One day, when I’m a famous author, and people ask me where I get my ideas, I will tell
them about sitting in this café, looking out the window.
[Adapted from Grammar Sense 1, p.120. (220words)]
2.1 Vocabulary. Find a word in the reading that has the same meaning.
1. nublado (para 1)
2. enojada (para 1)
3. maletas (para 3)
2.2 Reading comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. How many people are waiting for a bus?
2. Who is in love?
3. Is the man in his 40s married?
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4. luchando (para 3)
2.3 Write True or False for each statement.
1. Julia is waiting for a bus.
True
False
2. The sun is shining.
True
False
3. A woman is complaining.
True
False
4. A woman is reading the newspaper.
True
False
5. A man and a woman are sitting on a bench.
True
False
2.4 Grammar. Look at the passage above. Write down three sentences in the simple
present, and three sentences in the present continuous.
Simple present
Subject
Verb
Complement 1
E.g. The weather
is
gloomy.
1.
2.
3.
Present continuous
Subject
Auxiliary verb
Verb
Complement 1
E.g. It
isn’t
raining
.
1.
2.
3.
15
Week 3 Readings: Talking about work / your studies
Grammar: Simple present tense questions
All questions with the verb “to be” follow a different rule to the other questions.
Questions with the verb “to be”
Question word
Verb 'to be'
Subject
…?
What
is
your name
?
Why
are
you
angry with me?
Are
Is
you
your house
married?
big?
Questions with all other verbs (except “to be”)
There are two types of questions you can form: long answer questions (Wh- questions, QASI
questions), and yes/no questions (ASI questions). All these questions use the helper verb (auxiliary
verb) ‘to do’.
Question word
Auxiliary
verb
Subject
main verb in
Infinitive form
(without 'to')
…?
Q
A
S
I
…?
What
What kind of movies
does
do
Do
does
your father
you
you
Jolanta
do
like
do
read
?
to watch?
your homework everyday?
everyday?
How many books
Grammar rules: Present continuous questions
There are two types of questions you can form: long answer questions (Wh- questions, QASG
questions), and yes/no questions (ASG questions). All these questions use the helper verb (auxiliary
verb) ‘to be’.
Question word
Auxiliary
verb
Subject
main verb in
gerund form
(verb+ing)
…?
Q
A
S
G
…?
are
is
you
Carla
going
talking
?
with?
Are
you
doing
your homework now?
Where
Who
16
Reading 1: The man who loves tornadoes
Warren Faidley has an unusual job—he likes bad weather so much that he
follows storms, really bad storms like tornadoes. He was born in the middle of the USA.
This part of the world has more tornadoes than the rest of the country. Warren travels
all over North America to find tornadoes and other storms. When he finds one he
makes a film of it and uses his computer to give him extra information. He enjoys
taking photos of bad weather. He believes it is very important for people to know
about bad weather. He works for the government and also for Hollywood. He helped
on the film Twister, which was about tornadoes. He says his job can be very
frightening but he does everything he needs to do to keep himself safe.
[From Objective KET. (134 words)]
1.1 Vocabulary: Write a word or phrase from the reading that has the same meaning.
1. raro
3. saber sobre
2. alrededor de
4. haciéndole sentir miedo
1.2 Comprehension. True, False, or Doesn’t say?
1. Warren is American.
True
False
Doesn’t say
2. America has more tornadoes than other countries.
True
False
Doesn’t say
3. Warren made the film Twister.
True
False
Doesn’t say
4. Warren’s job is scary.
True
False
Doesn’t say
1.3 Comprehension. Answer the questions using one word answers.
Questions
Answers
E.g. What kind of weather does Warren like?
E.g. bad
1. What is another word for tornadoes?
2. What does Warren use to get extra information?
3. Does Warren believe that people should know about bad weather?
4. Is Warren’s job safe?
17
1.4 Grammar. Read the answers. Write the questions.
Questions
Answers
E.g. What kind of weather does Warren like?
E.g. Warren likes bad weather.
1. Warren finds tornadoes and other storms.
2. Warren works for the government.
3. Yes, his job is frightening.
4. Warren helped make the movie “Twister.”
18
Reading 2: What do you do?
Career Path asks “What do you do?”
Interviews with students with unusual lives
Every month Career Path magazine interviews a student with an unusual life. This month, Kyla Adams
is our unusual student. Kyla is a very busy young woman. She is a student, and she dances for the Ballet
Tech Company in New York City. Read what Kyla says to our interviewer.
Career Path:
How many
hours a day
do you dance?
Kyla: A lot. I
have ballet
class from
10:30 to 12:00.
Then we rehearse from 12:00 to
3:30 and 4:30 to 6:00.
Career Path: Where does your
family live?
Career Path: When do you
study?
Kyla: They’re about four hours
away in Vermont.
Kyla: On Sundays. That’s my day
off. We have three weeks of
vacation a year. I study a lot
then, too.
Career Path: Do you get lonely?
Kyla: No. I have a lot of friends.
They call or visit a lot.
Career Path: Does your family
visit you?
Career Path: How are you doing
in school?
Kyla: Very well. I’m actually the
valedictorian of my high school
class.
Career Path: What do you do
after rehearsal?
Kyla: Oh yes. They come here, or
I go home twice a month.
Kyla: I’m usually very tired. I go
home and make dinner. Then I
study or read and go to bed.
Career Path: You are still in high
school. Who teaches you?
Career Path: What do you do in
your free time?
Kyla: I have a tutor for a couple
of classes. For my other classes, I
work by myself. But I
communicate with students in
my home high school on the
telephone and the computer.
Kyla: I don’t have much free
time. But I live in New York
City, so it’s not hard to find
things to do!
Career Path: Who do you live
with?
Kyla: I live alone. I have a tiny
apartment in Manhattan.
[From Grammar Sense 1, pp.134-135. (291 words)]
2.1 Vocabulary. Find a word or phrase in the reading that has the same meaning as:
1. Ensayamos
2. Llamar (por teléfono)
3. Dos veces
4. Persona que da el discurso de despedida en la ceremonia de graduación
2.3 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. How many hours a day does Kyla dance for?
2. Does Kyla live with her family?
3. How many times in a month does Kyla see her family?
19
4. How much vacation time does Kyla get every year?
2.4 Comprehension. Circle True or False.
1. Kyla works full time and also studies.
True
False
2. Kyla usually buys dinner.
True
False
3. Kyla’s apartment is big.
True
False
4. Kyla has a tutor for some classes.
True
False
5. Kyla studies for three weeks a year.
True
False
2.4 Grammar. Put the words in the correct order to make questions. Then answer the
questions with your own information.
1. live / do / with / who / you / ?
2. get / you / do / lonely / ?
3. visit / family / does / your / you / ?
4. doing / how / school / you / are / in / ?
20
Week 4 Readings: Talking about your family
Grammar: Pronouns and possessive adjectives
Subject pronoun
(usually comes before the
verb, in sentences)
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Object pronoun
(usually comes after the
verb, in sentences)
Me
You
Him
Her
It
Us
You
Them
Possessive adjective
(is always followed by a
noun)
My
Your
His
Her
Its
Our
Your
Their
Sentence order.
I love him.
This is my book.
Grammar: The possessive ‘s
Contestando la pregunta ‘de quien es ese…?’ o ‘a quien le pertenece este…?’, en inglés, usamos ‘s,
en vez del ‘de’ de español.
Whose book is this? It is Sarah’s book. It’s Sarah’s.
[¿De quien es ese libro? Es el libro de Sarah.]
Whose clothes are these? They’re Mark’s clothes. They’re Mark’s.
[¿De quien es la ropa? Es la ropa de Mark.]
Vocabulary: Family
Grandmother
Grandfather
Grandson
Granddaughter
Grandchildren
Father
Mother
The parents
Sister
Brother
Brothers
Sisters
Abuela
Abuelo
Nieto
Nieta
Los nietos
Padre
Madre
Los papás
Hermana
Hermano
Hermanos
Hermanas
Hermanos y
hermanas
Tio
Tia
Los tios
The siblings
Uncle
Aunt
Uncles and
aunts
Nephew
Niece
Cousin
Husband
Wife
Husband and
21
Sobrino
Sobrina
Primo /
prima
Esposo
Esposa
Los
wife
Son
Daughter
Children
Mother-in-law
Father-in-law
Daughter-in-law
Son-in-law
The in-laws
esposos
Hijo
Hija
Hijos
Suegra
Suegro
Nuera
Yerno
Los suegros
Reading 1: Jim’s family
Betty:
What a nice photograph! Robin, is it yours?
Robin:
Yes, it’s mine.
Betty:
Is this your family?
Robin:
Well, it’s Jim’s family. This is Jim. He’s my husband. He’s the man on the left. The
woman next to him is his elder sister, Diane. The tall man in the hat is Diego, her
husband. He’s carrying their baby daughter, Anna. And the boy standing next to him is
their son, Juan.
Betty:
Is the woman in the white dress Jim’s mother?
Robin:
No, she’s his aunt Linda. Linda’s their dad’s only sister. She lives in Guatemala and
visits regularly.
Betty:
Where do their parents live? Do they also live in Chicago?
Robin:
No, my inlaws, John and Edna, live in Florida.
Betty:
What a beautiful house! Is it her house?
Robin:
No, it’s our house…but thank you for the compliment!
[Adapted from Grammar Sense 1, p.110. (131 words)]
1.1 Comprehension. Read the conversation above, and put the names of the family
members into the family tree below.
a
b
d
c
e
g
f
h
22
Robin
1.2 Vocabulary. What is the relationship between each person?
Ejemplo: John is Robin’s father-in-law.
1. Diego is Diane’s ______________.
2. Juan is Anna’s ______________.
3. Robin is John’s ______________.
4. Diane is Linda’s ______________.
1.3 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. Who is older, Jim or Diane?
2. Whose house is it?
3. Which city do Jim and Robin live in?
4. What’s Diego’s son’s name?
1.4 Grammar. Write down the relationship between each person using the possessive
‘s.
Ejemplo: (Anna-Juan) Anna is Juan’s sister.
1. (Edna-Jim) Edna is ______________.
2. (Juan-Edna) Juan is ______________.
3. (Robin-Anna) Robin is ______________.
4. (Jim-John) Jim is ______________.
23
Reading 2: A letter from a penpal
Hi Koji,
It was nice to get your letter, and to see the photograph of your family. I’m sending
you some photographs of my family in this letter. I hope you like them!
There are seven people in my family: my parents, my brother, his wife and daughter,
my sister, and me. Our house is pretty big – it has seven bedrooms – so we have
enough room for everyone. My parents, Leo and Lucia, are doctors, and are often
away from home, working in their clinic. My brother is the eldest child – he’s six
years older than me. He and his wife, Marisol, have a two year old daughter, my
niece Karina. Karina speaks both English and Spanish, and is, I think, the most
intelligent child ever!
My brother’s wife is Mexican. Her family come to visit us quite often, and, when
they visit, the house is full of noise and music and laughter.
My sister Susana is three years older than me. She’s studying Computer Science in
university. She wants to work for a big computer company when she graduates.
(Oh, I forgot to tell you – my brother Tom is a businessman, and Marisol’s a
kindergarten teacher.)
Tom, Susana, and Marisol all studied at the university in our town – I don’t want to
go there when I finish high school – I’d like to go to university in another town. What
about you? Do you plan to go to the same university that your sister went to? What
do you want to study?
I hope to hear from you soon – write back quickly!
Love,
Your penfriend, Elena
2.1 Vocabulary. Complete the sentence with the correct word/s.
1. Susana and Elena are Karina’s _____________.
2. Elena’s parents work in a _______________.
3. Elena is a ________________ student.
4. Koji is Elena’s ______________.
24
2.2 Comprehension. Circle True or False.
1. Elena has met Koji’s family.
True
False
2. Tom is older than Elena.
True
False
3. Karina speaks two languages.
True
False
4. Susana works for a computer company.
True
False
5. Koji doesn’t have any brothers or sisters.
True
False
2.3 Grammar/Comprehension. Read the passage below, written by Leo. Complete the
sentences with the correct words.
Hello, my name is Leo. My (a) __________ name is Lucia. (b) ______ have three children: a boy and
two girls. My son is married. My (c) ____________________ name is Marisol. I have one (d)
_____________: her name is Karina. Karina and (e) __________ parents live with (f) _______ in my
house. Our (g) ______________, Marisol’s parents, come to visit us quite often. (h) _________ are
from Mexico.
2.4 Grammar. Write the relationship between the two people. Write complete
sentences.
Example: (Elena-Tom) Elena is Tom’s sister.
1. (Karina-Lucia)
2. (Leo-Marisol)
3. (Tom-Karina)
4. (Susana-Karina)
25
Week 5 readings: Hobbies / Free time activities
Grammar: Adjectives, Adverbs and expressions of frequency
Adjectives
Adjectives describe nouns. Comparative adjectives compare two different things or people, and take
the form “more/less adjective than” with adjectives of two or more syllables, and “adjectiveer than” with
one or two syllable adjectives.
Superlative adjectives compare something (or someone) to everything / everyone else, and take the
form “themost/least adjective” or “the adjectiveest” for one or two syllable adjectives.
Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of frequency come before the main verb in sentences. They come between the auxiliary verb
and the main verb when both appear in a sentence. Some (usually, often, frequently, sometimes,
occasionally) can also appear at the start of a sentence. They never appear at the end of a sentence.
Frequency
English
Spanish
100% of the time
Always
Siempre
about 90% of the time
Usually
Normalmente
about 70% of the time
Often / frequently
Con frecuencia, a menudo
about 50% of the time
Sometimes
A veces
about 30% of the time
Occasionally
De vez en cuando
about 10% of the time
Seldom
Rara vez
about 5% of the time
Rarely / hardly ever
Rara vez / casi nunca
about 0% of the time
Never
Nunca
Expressions of frequency
These can come at the end of a sentence, or at the start. They usually answer the questions “How
many times…?” and “When…?” and give more detail with the question “How often…?”.
Examples:
How many times a day does Joe brush his teeth? Joe brushes his teeth twice a day.
How often does Mary do her homework? Mary does her homework every day.
When does Gill go dancing? Gill goes dancing on Saturday evenings.
How often does Patrick visit his mother? Patrick always visits his mother once a week.
26
Reading 1: Mary’s hobbies and interests
Mary has a lot of hobbies and interests. She usually gets up early so she can run before work. She
doesn't often have time to ski, but she occasionally goes on Saturdays during the winter. Mary often
rides a horse at a stable near her home. She sometimes goes after work, but she usually goes
horseback riding on Sundays. She loves music. She always goes to choir practice on Wednesday
evenings and sings in church on Sundays. She doesn't have much extra money, so she rarely goes to
concerts in the city. She seldom watches TV because she likes doing things outside. She usually goes
to the gym if it's raining outside. She isn't often alone because she has a lot of friends. She
occasionally does something alone, but she usually does her activities with one of her friends. She's a
happy woman!
[Downloaded from http://esl.about.com/od/beginnerreadingskills/a/adverbs_of_frequency_reading.htm on 13 October 2012. (143 words)]
1.1 Vocabulary. Put the activities in order, from what Mary does most frequently (1) to
those she does least frequently (5).
a. Get up early
d. Go to choir practice
b. Go skiing in winter
e. Go to concerts
c. Ride a horse
1.2 Comprehension. Circle True or False.
1. Mary does a lot of exercise.
True
False
2.There is a stable near Mary’s workplace.
True
False
3. Mary goes to concerts more frequently than she sings.
True
False
4. Mary has a T.V.
True
False
1.3 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. Does Mary go skiing every Saturday?
2. Name two things Mary does on Sundays.
3. When does Mary go to the gym?
4. How often does Mary do things alone?
1.4 Grammar. Write an adverb and an expression of frequency for each of the following
activities to describe how often Mary does them.
Adverb of frequency
Expression of frequency
Go skiing
a.
b.
Rides a horse
c.
d.
Go to choir practice
e.
f.
27
Reading 2: Skiing
Skiing is one of the healthiest and most popular
sports in the world. According to recent
estimates, about one hundred million people ski
regularly or occasionally. Sliding across the
snow on skis is also one of the most ancient
methods of transport known to man.
paintings which depict people skiing, and a
Norwegian saga which tells the story of an
invasion of its territory 8,000 years ago by a
tribe of skiers who came from the north.
Nowadays, skiing, apart from being a sport, has
become a big industry and a notable feature of
leisure culture. Ski resorts and all the activity
that they generate are the main source of wealth
in many mountain regions, which were
previously remote and inaccessible. And far
from its once elitist image, skiing is now
enjoyed by an increasingly broader spectrum of
society. When are you going to go skiing?
History and archaeology tell us that men were
already travelling across the snow by means of
primitive skis before the invention of the wheel.
In the Asiatic region of Altai and in
Scandinavia, for example, the remains of skis
have been found which date back to 4,000 BC.
Further evidence is supplied by ancient cave
[Adapted from http://www.miguelmllop.com/practice/intermediate/readingcomprehension/skiing.pdf on 12 October 2012. (201 words)]
2.1 Vocabulary. Match the word from the reading with the correct meaning in Spanish.
1. healthiest
a. tiempo libre
2. estimates
b. gama
3. depict
c. más sana
4. leisure
d. muestra
5. spectrum
e. cálculos
2.2 Comprehension. Write the activity for each number.
a. 100,000,000
b. 4,000
c. 8,000
2.3 Comprehension. Circle the sentence that has the same meaning.
1. Skiing is one of the most ancient methods of transport known to man.
a) People have been skiing for a long time.
b) Old people like to ski.
c) Man knows how to transport skis.
2. Men were travelling across the snow before the invention of the wheel.
a) The wheel was invented before skis were.
b) Skis were invented before the wheel.
c) Skis and the wheel were invented at the same time.
28
3. Nowadays, skiing has become a big industry.
a) You can go to skiing factories.
b) A lot of people go skiing.
c) Skiiers are big people.
4. Skiing is now enjoyed by an increasingly broader spectrum of society.
a) Skiing is enjoyable.
b) A lot of fat people ski.
c) Both rich and poor people go skiing.
2.4 Grammar. Write down words from the text into the following categories.
a. Superlative adjectives (2)
b. Other Adjective (2)
c. Adverb of frequency (2)
d. Other Adverb (2)
29
Week 6 readings: Childhood and youth
Grammar: The simple past
We use the simple past to talk about things that started and finished in the past.
The verb “to be” is the only verb that does not take on an auxiliary verb in questions, negative
sentences, and the short answers in the simple past. All other verbs use the auxiliary verb “to do” in
the past tense (did).
Questions with the verb “to be”
Verb “to be”
were
Was
were
Question word
Where
How old
…?
born?
at home last night?
when you got married?
Subject
you
Roman
you
Questions with the simple past
Question word
Auxiliary verb
Subject
Main verb in infinitive (without “to”)
…?
Q
A
S
I
…?
Where
Why
How many beers
Did
Did
Did
Your sister
The doctor
You
Have
Take
Drink
Her baby?
A photo of the injury?
Last night?
Negative sentences
Subject
Auxiliary verb
Not
Main verb in infinitive form (without “to”)
…
S
A
not
I
…
Hema
Tim and Mike
Karen
Did
Did
Did
Not
N’t
N’t
Meet
Talk
See
My parents last week.
To the doctor.
A giraffe.
Affirmative sentences
The main verb is conjugated to its past tense form. All regular verbs end in “ed”. Irregular verbs must
be memorised.
Subject
I
Susan and Derek
Tina
Verb in simple past
bought
went
saw
…
a new car last week.
for a walk last night.
a movie yesterday.
30
Reading 1: A first year university student
Yoshi says: I went to university in Mexico City. As a first year university student, I had many problems.
I didn’t have any friends, and I was very lonely. I also didn’t speak much Spanish then, so I had a few
problems communicating. At the beginning, a lot of things were strange, like the food and the
subways. Luckily, I met a few students from my country, Japan, and they helped me. Today I know a
lot of people. I also speak more Spanish, so I have fewer problems.
Juan says: When I was in my first year of university, I didn’t have many friends. I spent all my free
time studying, so that I would pass my exams. At the end of my first year, I met my girlfriend. She
introduced me to a lot of other people. Now I have a lot of friends, and I enjoy university.
[Adapted from Grammar Sense 1, p.245. (150 words)]
1.1 Vocabulary. Write the word or phrase in English that has the same meaning as the
word or phrase in Spanish, below. All the words appear in the reading.
Sentirse solo
Afortunadamente
Tenía menos problemas
Aprobar
1.2 Comprehension. True, False, or Doesn’t say?
1. Yoshi is Mexican.
True
False
Doesn’t say
2. When he started university, Yoshi had no friends.
True
False
Doesn’t say
3. Juan is from Mexico.
True
False
Doesn’t say
4. Juan has a girlfriend.
True
False
Doesn’t say
1.3 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. Did Yoshi speak Spanish when he started university?
2. What did Yoshi find strange?
3. What did Juan do in his free time?
4. When did Juan meet his girlfriend?
1.4 Grammar. Write one affirmative sentence and one negative sentence for Yoshi and
Juan.
(examples)
Yoshi
Juan
Affirmative
Negative
31
Reading 2: A long and happy life
Some of the oldest people in the world are said to live in Azerbaijan. The most famous of all was Shirali
Muslimov, who died on 2 September 1973 at the age of 168. Today, doctors do not think this is possible, but he
was a very old man—probably nearer 120 than 160!
Another person who was once the oldest person in the world was Kamato Hongo. She was born in 1887 in
Japan, and died in 2003 at the age of 116. Kamato usually slept for two full days at a time and then was awake
for two full days. She said to live a long life you mustn’t “think too much”, and her favourite things were sugar,
steak and green tea.
Joan Riudavets Moll was born on 15 December 1889 on the Balearic Island of Menorca. He still lives there,
spending up to 14 hours a day asleep. Riudavets really wanted to be a doctor but he became a shoemaker,
working at home in the family business. He has three daughters in all, with five grandsons and six greatgrandchildren. He rarely leaves his home. He thinks planes and electricity are the most important changes he
has seen in his life. During his life he has played a lot of football—his favourite game—and still enjoys singing
and playing the guitar. What does Joan Riudavets Moll say about living a long life? “If you eat a little but often,
you will live a long life.”
[Adapted from Objective KET. (247 words)]
2.1 Comprehension. Match the person with the information.
Shirali Muslimov ( ) ( )
Kamato Hongo ( ) ( )
Joan Riudavets Moll ( ) ( )
a. 116
c. 1973
e. 5 grandsons
b. 14 hours
d. 120
f. two days
2.2 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. Who died in 2003?
2. What was Riudavets’ job?
3. What is Riudavets’ favourite game?
4. What is Riudavets’ secret to living a long life?
2.3 Comprehension. True, False, or Doesn’t say?
1. Doctors now think Shirali Muslimov was probably younger than he thought he was.
True
False
Doesn’t say
2. Kamato Hongo lived a long life because she only ate vegetables.
True
False
Doesn’t say
3. Joan Riudavets Moll sleeps less now than he did when he was younger.
True
False
Doesn’t say
4. Joan was married three times.
True
False
Doesn’t say
2.4 Grammar. Write the question.
1.
Shirali Muslimov was from Azerbaijan.
2.
Kamato Hongo died at the age of 116.
3.
Riudavets was born in 1889.
4.
Riudavets wanted to be a doctor.
32
Week 7 Readings: Hobbies in the past
Grammar: The simple past
[See the grammar notes for Week 6 for a summary of the simple past tense.]
Grammar: The past continuous
We use the past continuous to say that someone was in the middle of doing something at a certain
time. The action or situation had already started before this time, but hadn’t finished.

The past continuous does not tell us if an action was finished or not. The simple past always
tells us that an action was finished.
We often used the past continuous and the simple past together to say that something
happened (simple past) in the middle of something else (past continuous).

[Explanation from Raymond Murphy’s Grammar in Use.]
Questions
Question
word
Auxiliary
verb
Subject
Main verb in gerund
form (verb+ing)
…?
Q
A
S
G
…?
What
was
she
reading
when you saw her?
Where
were
they
going
when you ran into them?
was
Susan
wearing
a black dress when you saw her yesterday?
Negative sentences
Subject
Auxiliary verb
Not
Main verb in gerund
form (verb+ing)
…
S
A
not
G
…
Derek
was
not
waiting
when I arrived.
Tim & Jo
were
not
visiting
their parents last weekend.
Alan
was
n’t
dancing
with Marla.
Affirmative sentences
Subject
Auxiliary
verb
Main verb in gerund
form (verb+ing)
…
S
A
G
…
Kayla
was
eating
alone when she saw Bob and Mary.
My husband and I
were
living
in Brazil this time last year.
Kayla
was
crying
when I phoned her.
33
Reading 1: A letter to a friend
Hi Steffi,
My parents took us to Parc Asterix just north of Paris yesterday. It was fantastic! In the morning, we were driving
up the A1 motorway from Paris when my younger brother saw a big sign with Asterix on it. He laughed and
screamed—he was more excited than I was!
We spent eight hours at the park and enjoyed everything—the rides, the little plays outside and the wild boar
sandwiches! The best thing for me was meeting Obelix because he is my favourite person in the stories. My
brother asked him about his red hair and we got a photo of us all together.
We may go there again (my dad isn’t sure). If we do, why don’t you come too?
Love,
Amelie
[From Objective KET. (126 words)]
1.1 Comprehension. Right, wrong, or doesn’t say?
1. Amelie wrote an email to Steffi.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
2. Parc Asterix is near Paris.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
3. Her brother was excited.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
4. They ate breakfast and lunch at the park.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
1.2 Vocabulary. Find a word or phrase in the text that has the same meaning.
1. nos llevaron (2 words)
2. gritó (1 word)
3. obras de teatro (1 word)
4. juntos (1 word)
1.3 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. Who did Amelie go to Parc Asterix with?
2. Who is older, Amelie or her brother?
3. Who has red hair?
4. What did Amelie eat at the park?
1.4 Grammar. Write down two sentences using the simple past and two using the past
continuous, from the reading above.
Simple past
Past continuous
34
Reading 2: The helpful dolphin
One Christmas, I went to Florida, in the USA,
on holiday. I said goodbye to my family at the
airport in London and I flew to Miami. It was
snowing and cold in London when I left, but it
was sunny and hot in Miami. My friend Gina
was waiting for me at the airport, with her
mother. They drove me to their apartment.
They had a swimming pool in the apartment
complex and, the first two days I was in Miami,
I didn’t go anywhere – I just went down to the
pool, and spent the day swimming, sunbathing,
and talking with Gina. In the evenings, I helped
Gina and her mother make Christmas cake and
bacalao, which is a Mexican Christmas dish.
On Christmas Day, Gina’s grandfather came
to visit. He had a boat, and invited us to go
sailing with him the next day. We had a
lovely time sailing around the harbour. I
loved it! Then I decided to sit on the side of
the boat. Suddenly, I fell off into the sea. I
didn’t know how to swim very well and I
began to shout. Then, after a minute I felt
something push me nearer the boat. It was a
dolphin and he was trying to help me. Gina
heard me shout and her grandfather pulled
me back on the boat. I have now learnt to
swim and I will always love dolphins.
[Adapted from Objective KET. (237 words)]
2.1 Vocabulary. Find a word or phrase in the text that has the same meaning.
1. nevando (1 word)
2. tomando el sol (1 word)
3. puerto (1 word)
4. tratando (1 word)
2.2 Comprehension. Right, wrong, or doesn’t say?
1. The girl went to London for vacation.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
2. The girl´s grandfather sails.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
3. The girl was a good swimmer.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
4. The dolphin pushed the girl.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
2.3 Comprehension. Number the events to put them in order (1-6).
a. Gina and her mum drove the girl to their apartment.
b. The girl fell out of the boat.
c. Gina’s grandfather visited.
d. The girl learnt to swim.
e. The girl spent her time sunbathing.
f. The girl went to London airport.
35
2.4 Grammar. Put the words in the correct order to make true sentences about the
events in the story above.
1. family / girl’s / in / lives / London / the
2. bacalao / evenings / girl / in / made / the / the
3. but / couldn’t / girl / loved / sailing / swim / the
/ very / well
4. and / dolphin / grandfather / pulled / pushed /
the / the
36
Week 8 Readings: Past jobs / studies
This week, there are no new grammar sections. We will be revising two things we have looked at in
the past: parts of speech (Week 1), and the simple past tense (Weeks 6 and 7), and looking at
building vocabulary.
Vocabulary: Choosing the right word
Sometimes, when you look up a dictionary, two or three meanings are given for a word. How do you
choose the right meaning? At beginner level, the easiest way to do this is to look up each meaning in
a bilingual dictionary, and choose the correct one. At higher levels, as you build up more vocabulary,
use the words you already know to make the right choices.
Example: I study at home every night.
Take the word “study” in the sentence above.
1. What do we know about it? – It’s a verb. (It comes after the subject pronoun “I”.) It’s in the present
tense.
2. Now, which of these three words can we replace “study” with in the sentence above, without
changing the meaning of the sentence?
a. revise
 this is also a verb
 it has a different meaning – it means to ‘ go over again’
b. do research
 this is also a verb
 it has a similar meaning
c. inquiry
 this is not a verb
Grammar: Parts of speech – revision
a. noun
b. verb
c. adjective
d. adverb
sustantivo
verbo
adjetivo
adverbio
e. preposition
f. article
g. conjunction
h. pronoun
preposición
articulo
conjunción
pronombre
Basic sentence form: Noun + verb
I eat. Sam drives. The baby plays.
Complex sentences: Noun + verb + noun (Subject +verb + object)
They went home. She bought a car. I eat chocolate.
37
More complex sentences: Add more information
They
went
to the bank
with friends
last night.
Silvia
eats
an apple
My sister
lives
in England
with her husband and three children.
The baby
plays
with its toys
alone.
everyday.
Grammar: Simple past - revision
We use the simple past to talk about things that started and finished in the past.
Questions with the simple past (all verbs except ‘be’)
Question word
Auxiliary verb
Subject
Main verb in infinitive (without “to”)
…?
Q
A
S
I
…?
Where
did
your sister
have
her baby?
Why
did
the doctor
take
a photo of the injury?
How many beers
did
you
drink
last night?
Negative sentences
Subject
Auxiliary verb
Not
Main verb in infinitive form (without “to”)
…
S
A
not
I
…
Hema
did
not
meet
my parents last week.
Tim and Mike
did
n’t
talk
to the doctor.
Karen
did
n’t
see
a giraffe.
Affirmative sentences
The main verb is conjugated to its past tense form. All regular verbs end in “ed”. Irregular verbs must
be memorised.
Subject
Verb in simple past
…
I
bought
a new car last week.
Susan and Derek
went
for a walk last night.
Tina
saw
a movie yesterday.
38
Reading 1: Tom Stone
Tom Stone works in south-east England as an engineer. Two years ago, he bought a house in France
and moved there with his family. Both his children like their French schools and they have made lots of
new friends. For two years, Tom traveled to work every day on Le Shuttle, a train that takes cars to
England. When he began doing this journey, he decided to catch the train at 5 am. This meant leaving
his house at 3:30 am! Tom wasn’t sure about doing this every day, but says he soon found it easy to
get up early. He has taken the train ever since, because then he can be home again by 6 pm.
[From Objective KET. (117 words)]
1.1 Comprehension. Answer the questions. Write complete sentences.
1. Where does Tom live?
2. Do Tom’s children study in England?
3. How does Tom get to work?
4. What time does Tom get home?
1.2 Vocabulary. Circle the word that has the same meaning as the word in the text.
E.g. ago
a. hence
b. earlier
c. when
1. bought
a. stole
b. purchased
c. valued
2. began
a. activated
b. established
c. commenced
3. journey
a. trip
b. travel
c. traverse
4. sure
a. convinced
b. satisfied
c. unshaken
1.3 Comprehension. Circle Right or Wrong.
1. Tom Stone is an engineer.
Right
Wrong
2. Tom has six children.
Right
Wrong
3. Le Shuttle is a train.
Right
Wrong
4. Tom leaves the house at 5 am.
Right
Wrong
1.4 Grammar. Circle the correct part of speech.
E.g. in
a. noun
b. preposition
c. conjunction
1. his
a. article
b. conjunction
c. pronoun
2. and
a. preposition
b. conjunction
c. adverb
3. doing
a. noun
b. verb
c. preposition
4. easy
a. adjective
b. adverb
c. article
39
Reading 2: Gunpei Yokoi (1941-1997)
Gunpei Yokoi (1941-1997)
Gunpei Yokoi was born in 1941 and lived in the city
of Kyoto in Japan. After Gunpei graduated from
Doshisha University, with a degree in electronics,
he started looking for a job, and, in 1965, he went
to work at Nintendo. The Nintendo Company was
started in 1889 to make playing cards. Gunpei
worked in the games department of the company.
On his first day there, Gunpei had the idea for a
new game. Nintendo call it “Ultrahand.” They sold
1.2 million of the “Ultrahand” game in its first year.
Gunpei then began to work on video games. He
wanted to make cheap machines which people
could carry in their hand.
the world and Nintendo has sold millions of these
games.
Sadly, Gunpei Yokoi died when he was hit by two
cars, at the age of 56.
We never know how much time we're going to
have. Our tombstones are emblazoned with three
things under our names – a birth date, a death
date, and a dash in the middle. We have no control
over the first one – that's mostly up to our
parents. We have more control over the second
one, and yet still never know when it's going to
come. But the one thing on that tombstone we do
have full control over is that dash in the middle.
That simple punctuation mark sums up our entire
lifetime of choices and experiences.
One day, while Gunpei was riding on a train, he
saw a bored businessman playing with the buttons
on a small calculator. He had an idea, and started
designing a new toy. In 1989 Gunpei made the first
Game Boy. It is one of the most popular games in
Gunpei Yokoi did a lot with his dash. Let's all try to
do the same.
[Adapted from Objective KET and http://www.ign.com/articles/2012/10/06/the-incredible-legacy-of-gunpei-yokoi (297 words)]
2.1 Vocabulary. Circle the word or picture that has the same meaning as the word in
the reading.
1. playing cards
a.
2. cheap
a. economical
b.
c.
b. dear
c. costly
3. tombstones
a.
4. dash
a. /
b.
b. -
40
c.
c. *
2.2 Comprehension. Right, Wrong, or Doesn’t say?
1. Gunpei was born in China.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
2. Nintendo first made playing cards.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
3. Nintendo is the biggest company in Japan.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
4. Gunpei died playing Gameboy.
Right
Wrong
Doesn’t say
2.3 Comprehension. Write the question for each answer.
1.
Gunpei graduated from Doshisha University.
2.
Gunpei wanted to make cheap machines.
3.
Gunpei made the first Gameboy in 1989.
4.
The one thing on the tombstone that we have
control over is the dash in the middle.
2.4 Grammar. Circle the correct part of speech.
1. born
a. article
b. adverb
c. adjective
2. while
a. noun
b. preposition
c. adverb
3. emblazoned
a. pronoun
b. conjunction
c. verb
4. punctuation mark
a. noun
b. adjective
c. article
41
Week 9 Readings : Last vacation
Grammar: Simple past
Please look at the grammar notes from previous weeks. There is no new grammar material this week.
Reading 1: Letter from Jim
Dear Marta,
I had a great time in Washington, D.C. The plane tickets were very inexpensive, so I
bought two and took my friend Valerie with me. We went to a lot of museums. In
fact, we spent one day at the National Museum of American History. We saw a really
interesting exhibit on clothes of the past. People wore some very strange clothes in
the old days! We ate very well too! We found a different restaurant every night. We
also met a lot of interesting people. The most interesting was a man who builds
schools for chlidren in Afghanistan – I’ll phone you so I can tell you all about him! Write
soon and tell me about San Francisco!
Love,
Jim
[Adapted from Grammar Sense 1, p.189 (122 words)]
1.1 Vocabulary. Write the verb in the correct form to fill in the blanks in the table.
E.g.
Infinitive (without “to”)
Simple past
Past participle
Have
Had
Had
1
Took
2
Saw
3
Wore
4
Ate
1.2 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. Where did Jim go on vacation?
2. Who did he go with?
3. Did he like the food?
4. Where does Marta live?
42
1.3 Comprehension. True or False?
1. Jim spent one day visiting museums.
True
False
2. Jim liked the exhibit on past clothes.
True
False
3. Jim met children from Afghanistan.
True
False
4. Jim lives in San Francisco.
True
False
1.4 Grammar. Circle the correct form to complete the question or sentence.
E.g. I ___(c)___ a great time on my last
vacation.
a has
b. having
c. had
1. We _____ to the park.
a. didn’t go
b. wasn’t gone
c. not went
2. How much time _____ at the National
Museum?
a. was you spent b. have you
spended
c. did you spend
3. We ____ a different restaurant every
night.
a. ate at
b. arrived to
c. went of
4. I ____him yesterday, but he didn’t
answer the phone.
a. phone
b. called
c. visiting
43
Reading 2: A School Trip to Paris
About two years ago I went with my class on our first school trip—five days in Paris! There were about
thirty of us and four teachers. We all went in one big coach from our school in London. The teachers
told us to be at school at four thirty in the morning. Everyone was there on time, but the coach didn’t
arrive until five o’clock and we didn’t leave until five thirty! We were very cold and tired.
Anyway, the coach was very comfortable and we watched a video and listened to some CDs on the
journey. We had some sandwiches and drinks with us so we went straight to Paris without stopping.
The trip was quite expensive. It cost £240 and we wanted to save money so we didn’t stop at
motorway cafés. It only took us eight hours to reach Paris.
The name of the hotel in Paris was the Hotel Berri—that’s B-E-double R- I. It was very old, but our
rooms were nice and the bed was great—really soft! I shared the room with three other girls.
When we went shopping I tried to practice my French a few times but sometimes I didn’t know the
right words and spoke in English instead! The shops were great—I bought lots of presents, even a Tshirt for my little sister!
I think what I most enjoyed was the river trip. I took lots of photos of my friends and also of Notre
Dame cathedral, and the wonderful art galleries.
I was sad to leave Paris. I had a lovely time there. We came home by coach and this time the journey
was much shorter—we even arrived back half an hour early!
[From Objective KET (287 words)]
2.1 Vocabulary. Match the word and the meaning.
1. coach
a. highway
2. trip
b. excursion
3. motorway
c. yielding
4. soft
d. bus
2.2 Comprehension. True, False, or Doesn’t say?
1. The writer spent two years in Paris.
True
False
Doesn’t say
2. The coach arrived in Paris at 5.30am.
True
False
Doesn’t say
3. The hotel had great food.
True
False
Doesn’t say
4. The writer is a girl.
True
False
Doesn’t say
2.3 Comprehension. Read the paragraph below, which summarizes the article above.
Find and correct the mistakes.
bus
The writer went to Paris by car. Five teachers went with the students. The students watched music
videos on the journey. They bought sandwiches and drinks at motorway cafés. The writer tried to
speak English in the shops. The writer didn’t enjoy the river trip.
44
2.4 Grammar (Simple present and past). Write the answer in complete sentences. All
questions refer to the text above.
1. How many students went on the trip?
2. Where do the students study?
3. How long was the journey to Paris?
4. What did the writer enjoy most?
45
Week 10 Readings: Next vacation
Grammar: The future with (be) going to, the future with ‘will’
We use ‘will’ when we are not sure if something will happen. ‘Will’ is used to talk about possibilities.
We use (be) going to to talk about definite plans we have made.
With both forms, the main verb is in the infinitive form (without ‘to’). ‘Will’ and ‘be going to’ both work
as auxiliary verbs in sentences and questions.
Reading 1: My terrible holiday
William
I had a terrible holiday last year. This year, I’m going to stay at home.
Terry:
What happened?
William:
Well, I went to Puerto Vallarta. When the plane landed, I discovered that my luggage
hadn’t arrived. I went to the hotel, and they didn’t have my booking, so they put me in a
small room near the kitchens, instead of the poolside room I’d booked. I got sick the
second day I was there, and spent the rest of my stay in hospital.
Terry:
That sounds horrible! I’m going to Huatulco for my holiday this year. Why don’t you
come with me?
William:
No, I’m going to stay at home. My friend Julia is going to visit me, and we’re going to
hire a car, and drive around the state. Perhaps we’ll visit you in Huatulco. What are
you going to do there?
Terry:
I’m not going to do anything! I’m going to check into my hotel, then go down to the
beach. I’m going to spend every day on the beach, swimming, eating, and reading my
book. Maybe I’ll go shopping one evening.
1.1 Vocabulary. Write the word in English (from the reading) that has the same
meaning as the Spanish word below.
1. aterrizó
2. reservación
3. rentar
4. la playa
1.2 Comprehension. Circle True, False, or Doesn’t say.
1. Terry went to Puerto Vallarta on holiday last year.
True
False
Doesn’t say
2. William had a poolside room in Puerto Vallarta.
True
False
Doesn’t say
3. Terry wants William to go on holiday with him.
True
False
Doesn’t say
4. Terry’s going to drive around the state on holiday.
True
False
Doesn’t say
46
1.3 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. Did the hotel in Puerto Vallarta have a room for
William?
2. Who is going to visit William?
3. Is Terry going to go shopping in Huatulco?
4. Who is going to travel more this holiday:
William or Terry?
1.4 Grammar. Conjugate the verbs into the tense indicated.
E.g. I discovered.
(simple present) He discovers.
(future with (be) going to) They
are going to discover.
1. My luggage hadn’t arrived.
a. (simple past)
b. (future with ‘will’)
2. I’m going to Huatulco.
c. (simple past)
d. (simple present)
3. We’ll visit you.
e. (future with (be) going to)
f. (simple past)
47
Reading 2: Advice to Business Travellers

Advice to Business Travellers
International business travellers need to know
something about the customs of foreign
countries. Otherwise, the business trip may
not be successful. How do experienced
business travellers prepare for a trip to another
country? Many people like to talk to someone
from the country. Some people prefer to read
about the country. Others even learn to say a
few simple phrases in the native language of
the country. Business travel to a foreign
country is always difficult at first. But,
according to experienced business travellers,
things begin to improve after a few trips.
For example, experienced business travellers
don’t expect to do much business during the
week before and after Easter in countries like
Italy and Spain. Employers and employees
around the world enjoy celebrating holidays.
Do you need to travel to the Middle East or
Hong Kong? You probably don’t want to plan a
business trip during Ramadan or the Chinese
New Year. Check with someone from your host
country before you make final arrangements.

Find out about business customs.
In countries like Japan, business people expect
to start meetings on time. In other countries,
people are more relaxed and they don’t expect
to start on time. In some cultures, business
people don’t like discussing business at the
start of a meeting. They prefer beginning a
discussion with small talk about the weather,
art, or sports. There are also different customs
about names and titles, so avoid using first
names immediately.
Here are a few helpful hints for any business
trip abroad:

Find out about religious and national
holidays.
Find out about office hours
When do your foreign colleagues start work
each day? When do they like to eat lunch?
When do they finish working? What days do
they work? You need to know these things so
you can schedule appointments at the right
time.
[From Grammar Sense 1, pp.360-361. (309 words)]
2.1 Vocabulary. Write the word in English (from the reading) that has the same
meaning as the Spanish word below.
1. paises
2. lenguaje
3. según
4. consejos
2.2 Comprehension. Write down six things you can do to make your trip to a foreign
country easier.
1.
4.
2.
5.
3.
6.
48
2.3 Comprehension. Circle True or False.
1. You should schedule appointments according to local working hours.
True
False
2. People in the Middle East celebrate Chinese New Year.
True
False
3. You should start meetings on time in Japan.
True
False
4. You shouldn’t use first names.
True
False
2.4 Grammar. Rewrite the sentence, keeping the same meaning, but changing the
words.
E.g. The business trip may not be successful.  The business trip might fail.
1. Many people like to talk to someone from the country.
2. When do they finish working?
3. People are more relaxed.
4. They prefer beginning a discussion with small talk.
49
Week 11 Readings: Jobs and studies
Grammar: The future
There are no extra grammar notes for this week’s readings.
Reading 1: Be careful out there!
Working abroad is becoming very popular. This is especially true for young people. However, be careful! Ask
your employer exactly how many hours you have to work. Also ask exactly how much you will earn. Do you
have to pay tax on your salary? Is health insurance included? If accommodation is provided, do you have to pay
for it? Also ask if you have to buy any special equipment you need for your job. Ask about vacations and what
happens when you are sick. Finally, never agree to do anything that you think is dangerous.
The most difficult thing about working in another country is usually not the work, but the culture. Different
customs and beliefs can make it hard for a person to adjust to a different country. Even different mealtimes and
different food to eat at mealtimes can make it difficult to adjust. For example, people who move to Asian
countries might find themselves eating rice and fish for breakfast, while people in European countries might
have to get used to eating sweet bread and drinking chocolate and coffee for breakfast.
[Adapted from Introducing Reading Keys, p.29. (183 words)]
1.1 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. Who works abroad more: young people or old
people?
2. Should you ask questions about
accommodation?
3. What should you do if you are asked to do
something dangerous?
4. What makes it difficult to adjust to a different
country?
1.2 Comprehension. Circle True or False.
1. The employer should tell you how much you will earn.
True
False
2. You should ask about local customs.
True
False
3. You should eat rice for breakfast.
True
False
4. You have to learn to adapt to the other culture.
True
False
1.3 Vocabulary. Write down four words that appear in the text that have almost the
same spelling and meaning in English and Spanish. E.g. popular
50
Reading 2: Planning for the future
What jobs will be popular in the future? How do you decide what career you (or your
children) should train for? Here are some predictions from Career Planner.com:
First of all, low tech is not necessarily bad. Some low tech jobs might become more popular,
as people look for quality rather than mass production. Traditional businesses that might
change, but will still continue include: jewellery stores and jewellery manufacturing,
restaurants, movie theatres and all aspects of movie making, music creation, delivery
services, grocery stores, hair salons, car repair, and construction.
On the other hand, some jobs might change or disappear. Let’s look at the past to see how
the future might be different. Some jobs that have disappeared in the past 50 years, thanks
to advances in computing, include:



Typesetting. This job required people who would move metal blocks with letters or
numbers on them into the right place to produce a page of text, such as for a book or for
a newspaper. Nowadays, this work is done by computer.
Secretarial dictation. In the old days, the boss would dictate and the secretary would
take notes (often using shorthand), and then type up the notes. Nowadays, people do
their own typing, so there are fewer jobs for secretaries.
Telephone operators. Large numbers of people were employed to connect calls to
different houses, states, or countries. Nowadays, this job is done by computerised
switchboards.
Drivers of the trends
By understanding what drives the trends, we can better predict the jobs that might become
popular in the future. There are six needs that currently drive the market: the need to save
time, the need to reduce cost, the need to do things faster, the need to make things easier to
use, the need to improve safety and reliability, and the need to lessen the impact on the
environment. If you can think of a better way to do something that incorporates these, you
might be ahead of the trend!
[Adapted from http://www.careerplanner.com/Career-Articles/Top_Jobs.cfm (331 words)]
2.1 Vocabulary. Write the name of the job below each picture.
51
2.2 Comprehension. Circle True or False.
1. You should read Career Planner.com when planning your career.
True
False
2. Low tech is not bad.
True
False
3. Grocery stores will change or disappear.
True
False
4. Typesetters used to produce books and newspapers.
True
False
2.3 Comprehension. There are six needs mentioned in the article. Classify each of the
inventions below according to which need (or needs) it met.
Invention
Need/s it met
E.g. a breadmaking machine
Need to do things faster, need to save time
1.
a pizza slice cutter
2.
a butter stick
3.
4.
shoes
a face guard
Vibram
52
Week 12 readings: Consolidation
Grammar
There is no grammar lesson this week.
Reading 1: Mad about Becks
In 2003, 14-year-old Jenna spoke to a journalist about moving to Spain.
I’ve only been a Beckham fan for a couple of years but my dad always loved seeing him play at
Manchester United. Mum also follows Becks now. When she and I heard he was leaving to play in
Spain, I said, ‘Let’s move to Spain!’ Dad agreed to come but my older brother decided to stay in
England. He’s still living in our house there.
At first we didn’t know if Becks would play for Barcelona or Madrid, so my parents bought a place in
Alicante. It’s only about three hours away from both cities.
My friends in England think I’m a bit mad but they’re pleased for me too. I email them all the time. It’s
great to live in another country but I’m finding learning Spanish quite difficult. I learned French in
England and I keep mixing the two.
Becks is playing really well in Spain, which keeps my dad happy. What I love most about him is that
he’s a big family man. Being famous hasn’t changed him. I’d really like to meet Becks one day.
(191 words)
1.1 Comprehension. Circle True, False or Doesn’t say.
1. Jenna’s birthday is in March 2003.
True
False
Doesn’t say
2. Jenna has one brother.
True
False
Doesn’t say
3. Jenna’s parents bought a house in Madrid.
True
False
Doesn’t say
4. Jenna phones her friends in England all the time.
True
False
Doesn’t say
1.2 Comprehension. Answer the questions.
1. What is Jenna’s nationality?
2. Why did Jenna’s family move to Spain?
3. How many languages does Jenna speak?
4. Why is Jenna’s dad happy?
1.3 Vocabulary. Write the English word or phrase that has the same meaning as the
words or phrases below.
1. periodista (paragraph 1)
2. compraron (paragraph 3)
3. loca (paragraph 4)
4. hace que (él) se siente feliz (paragraph 5)
53
1.4 Grammar (Parts of speech). Circle the correct part of speech for each of the
following words.
1. journalist
a) noun
b) adjective
c) adverb
d) verb
2. only
a) noun
b) adjective
c) adverb
d) verb
3. was leaving
a) pronoun
b) article
c) verb
d) preposition
4. them
a) preposition
b) pronoun
c) conjunction
d) noun
54
Reading 2: Letter from Ben
June 29th
Dear Mom and Dad,
Hi. Here’s a photo of Zocotal in Mexico City. I’m having a great time here. The weather is really good,
and the family I’m staying with is very friendly. Anna-Maria, my host mother, is a great cook! I love the
food here. The only problem is the language. Spanish is not as easy as you said, Dad! You told me
Spanish is like English, but you put ‘a’ or ‘o’ after every word. Well, when I wanted some more soap, I
asked Anna-Maria for ‘sopa.’ Five minutes later, she came to my room with a bowl of soup! At least
now I know that ‘sopa’ means ‘soup.’ We laughed about it. I apologized and said I was very
‘embarrasado.’ Then she laughed even more and ran to tell Carlos, my host father. He speaks a bit
of English. He told me ‘embarrasado’ meant ‘pregnant’ in Spanish. I felt terrible!
And that’s not the only language problem! Yesterday, in town, I had a sandwich in a café. When I
wanted to pay, I tried to speak Spanish. I know that ‘como’ is ‘how’, so I said, “Como much?” thinking
I was saying “How much?” The waiter just smiled and walked away. I tried “Como mucho” again a
few times, but then he brought me another sandwich! When I got back to my room, I looked in my
Spanish book. I discovered that “Como mucho” means “I eat a lot.” “How much” is something
completely different! Ah well, at least I know now!
The most embarrassing mistake I made was in my Spanish class at school. We had to ask each
other, “What’s your name?” In Spanish, this is “Como te llamas?” but I got confused. I said to my
partner Eric, “Como te amo” – which means “How I love you!” Everyone laughed. I felt really bad!
Anyway, I am learning Spanish – slowly! The people here are great, and I love Mexico. Thanks so
much for this trip. See you next month!
Lots of love,
Ben
[From Introducing Reading Keys, p.132. (340 words)]
2.1 Comprehension. Choose the correct answer for each question.
1. Where is Ben staying?
3. What problem does he have with Spanish?
a) in a hotel
a) He doesn’t like the language.
b) with a friend
b) He makes a lot of mistakes.
c) in a host family
c) The class is too difficult for him.
d) with his family
d) He doesn’t like his teacher.
4. What did Ben’s father tell him about Mexico?
2. Why is Ben in Mexico?
a) He’s working there.
a) Mexican food is great.
b) He’s learning Spanish.
b) It’s a great place to go on vacation.
c) It’s his home.
c) Mexican people are very friendly.
d) He’s visiting friends.
d) The language is similar to English.
2.2 Vocabulary. Choose the correct word in Spanish for the following words in English.
(The words are underlined in the reading.)
E.g. soap
a) sopa
b) jabón
c) tienda
1. even
a) aún
b) todavia
c) ya
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2. he brought me
a) me llevó
b) me compró
c) me trajó
3. completely
a) completar
b) totalmente
c) mucho
4. Everyone
a) todos
b) ambos
c) cada uno de ellos
2.3 Comprehension. Answer the questions based on the reading above.
a. Who wrote the letter?
b. Which country is he visiting?
c. Who is Anne-Marie?
d. What is the weather like?
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Answers
Week 1 Reading 1
1.1a Alan
1.1b Lisa
1.1c Lisa
1.1d Alan
1.1e Alan, his brother
1.2a share
1.2b a shower
1.2c alone
2.4.4 d
2.4.5 b
2.4.6 c
2.4.7 c
2.4.8 b
2.4.9 c
2.4.10 a
2.4.11 b
2.4.12 d
Week 3 Reading 1
1.1.1 unusual
1.1.2 all over
1.1.3 to know about
1.1.4 frightening
1.2.1 True
1.2.2 Doesn’t say
1.2.3 False
1.2.4 True
1.2d the news
Week 2 Reading 1
1.3.1 storms
1.3.1 Doesn’t say
1.1 cgehdabi
1.3.2 computer
1.3.2 True
1.2.1 False
1.3.3 yes
1.3.3 True
1.2.2 True
1.3.4 no
1.3.4 False
1.2.3 Doesn’t say
1.4 Nouns: Lisa, Alan, bank,
parents, apartment, brother
1.2.4 False
1.4.1 What does Warren
find?
1.4 Verbs: work, lives,
shares
1.3.2 No, she doesn’t.
1.4 Adjective: elder
1.4 Prepositions: in, with
1.4 Pronouns: her, his
Week 1 Reading 2
2.1.1 like this
2.1.2 miss
2.1.3 don’t like
2.1.4 admits
2.2 Larry: no le gusta fijarse,
estudia en Ohio; Pete:
estudia Computación, no le
gusta leer
1.3.1 About 8 o’clock.
1.3.3 Rachel does.
1.3.4 She goes to bed.
1.4.2 Who does Warren work
for?
1.4.3 Is Warren’s job
frightening?
1.4 (your choice)
1.4.4 Which movie did
Warren help make?
Week 2 Reading 2
Week 3 Reading 2
2.1.1 cloudy
2.1.1 we rehearse
2.1.2 angry
2.1.2 call
2.1.3 briefcases
2.1.3 twice
2.1.4 fighting
2.1.4 valedictorian
2.2.1 two
2.2.1 six point five (6.5)
2.2.2 the couple on the
bench, the 25 year olds, the
bus driver and the waitress
2.2.2 No
2.3.1 True
2.2.3 Yes
2.3.2 False
2.3.1 False
2.3.3 True
2.3.2 False
2.3.4 True
2.3.3 True
2.4.1 a
2.3.4 False
2.4.2 d
2.3.5 True
2.4.3 c
2.4 (your choice)
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2.2.3 At least twice
2.2.4 three weeks
2.3.1 True
2.3.2 False
2.3.3 False
2.3.4 True
2.3.5 False
2.4.1 Who do you live with?
(your answer)
2.4.2 Do you get lonely?
(your answer)
2.4.3 Does your family visit
you? (your answer)
2.4.4 How are you doing in
school? (your answer)
Week 4 Reading 1
1.1a Linda
1.1b John
1.1c Edna
2.3b We /I
2.3c daughter-in-law’s
2.3d granddaughter
2.2b remains of skis found
2.2c Norwegian saga written
2.3e her
2.3.1 a
2.3f me/us
2.3.2 b
2.3g inlaws
2.3.3 b
2.3h They
2.4.1 Karina is Lucia’s
granddaughter.
1.1d Diego
2.4.2 Leo is Marisol’s fatherin-law.
1.1e Diane
2.4.3 Tom is Karina’s father.
1.1f Jim
2.4.4 Susana is Karina’s
aunt.
1.1g Juan
2.2a number of people who
ski
2.3.4 c
2.4a the healthiest, the most
popular the most ancient
2.4b recent, primitive,
ancient, Norwegian, big,
notable, lesiure, main,
remote, inaccessible, elitist,
(broader)
2.4c regularly, occasionally
1.1h Anna
Week 5 Reading 1
1.2.1 husband
1.1 dacbe
1.2.2 brother
1.2.1 True
1.2.3 daughter-in-law
1.2.2 False
1.2.4 niece
1.2.3 False
1.1a lonely
1.3.1 Diane
1.2.4 True
1.1b luckily
1.3.2 Robin & Jim’s
1.3.1 No
1.1c fewer problems
1.3.3 Chicago
1.3.2 Horseback riding,
singing in church
1.1d pass
1.3.3 When it’s raining
outside
1.2.2 True
1.3.4 Juan
1.4.1 Edna is Jim’s mother.
1.4.2 Juan is Edna’s
grandson.
2.4d already, increasingly,
previously
Week 6 Reading 1
1.3.4 occasionally
1.4.3 Robin is Anna’s aunt.
1.4a occasionally
1.4.4 Jim is John’s son.
1.4b on Saturdays
1.4c usually
Week 4 Reading 2
1.2.1 False
1.2.3 Doesn’t say
1.2.4 True
1.3.1 No
1.3.2 The food, subways
1.3.3 Study
1.4d on Sundays
2.1.1 aunts
1.4e always
1.3.4 At the end of his first
year in university
2.1.2 clinic
1.4f on Wednesday evenings
1.4 (your choice)
Week 5 Reading 2
Week 6 Reading 2
2.1.1 c
2.1a Kamato Hongo
2.1.2 e
2.1b Joan Riudavets Moll
2.1.3 d
2.1c Shirali Muslimov
2.1.4 a
2.1d Shirali Muslimov
2.1.5 b
2.1e Joan Riudaveta Moll
2.1.3 high school
2.1.4 penpal
2.2.1 False
2.2.2 True
2.2.3 True
2.2.4 False
2.3a wife’s
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2.1f Kamato Hongo
2.1.4 trying
2.2.1 Wrong
2.2.1 Kamato Hongo
2.2.1 Wrong
2.2.2 Right
2.2.2 Shoemaker
2.2.2 Doesn’t say
2.2.3 Doesn’t say
2.2.3 Football
2.2.3 Wrong
2.2.4 Doesn’t say
2.2.4 Eat little but often
2.2.4 Right
2.3.1 True
2.3: 2a, 5b, 4c, 6d, 3e, 1f
2.3.1 Which university did
Gunpei graduate from?
2.3.2 False
2.4.1 The girl’s family lives in
London.
2.3.3 False
2.3.4 Doesn’t say
2.4.1 Where was Shirali
Muslimov from?
2.4.2 How old was Kamato
Hongo when she died? / At
what age did Kamato Hongo
die?
2.4.3 When was Riudavets
born?
2.4.4 What did Riudavets
want to be? / What job did
Riudavets want?
2.4.2 In the evenings, the girl
made bacalao. / The girl
made bacalao in the
evenings.
2.4.3 The girl loved sailing
but couldn’t swim very well.
2.4.4 The dolphin pushed
and the grandfather pulled.
1.1.1 Wrong
1.1.2 Right
1.1.3 Right
1.1.4 Doesn’t say
1.2.1 took us
1.2.2 screamed
1.2.3 plays
1.2.4 together
1.3.1 her brother, her
parents
1.3.2 her brother
1.3.3 Obelix
1.3.4 wild boar sandwiches
1.4 (your choice)
Week 7 Reading 2
2.1.1 snowing
2.1.2 sunbathing
2.1.3 harbour
2.3.3 When (In which year)
did Gunpei make the first
Gameboy?
2.3.4 What part of the
tombstone (What thing on
the tombstone) do we have
control over?
2.4.1 c
2.4.2 b
Week 8 Reading 1
1.1.1 France
2.4.3 c
2.4.4 a
1.1.2 No
1.1.3 takes a train
Week 7 Reading 1
2.3.2 What did Gunpei want
to make?
1.1.4 around 6pm
1.2.1 purchased
1.2.2 commenced
Week 9 Reading 1
1.1.1 take / taken
1.1.2 see / seen
1.1.3 wear / worn
1.1.4 eat / eaten
1.2.3 trip
1.2.4 convinced
1.2.1 Washington DC
1.2.2 his friend Valerie
1.3.1 Right
1.2.3 Yes
1.3.2 Wrong
1.2.4 San Francisco
1.3.3 Right
1.3.1 False
1.3.4 Wrong
1.3.2 True
1.4.1 c
1.3.3 False
1.4.2 b
1.3.4 False
1.4.3 b
1.4.1 a
1.4.4 a
1.4.2 c
Week 8 Reading 2
2.1.1 c
1.4.3 a
1.4.4 b
2.1.2 a
Week 9 Reading 2
2.1.3 a
2.1.1 d
2.1.4 b
2.1.2 b
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2.1.3 a
Week 10 Reading 2
2.1c secretarial dictation
2.1.4 c
2.1.1 countries
2.2.1 False
2.2.1 False
2.1.2 language
2.2.2 True
2.2.2 False
2.1.3 according to
2.2.3 False
2.2.3 Doesn’t say
2.1.4 hints
2.2.4 True
2.2.4 True
2.3.1 time, easier to use
2.3: five (four), music
(videos), bought (brought), at
motorway cafes (with them),
English (French), didn’t enjoy
(enjoyed)
2.2: find out about office
hours, religious and national
holidays, business customs,
read about the country, learn
simple phrases in the local
language, talk to someone
from the country
2.4.1 About thirty students
went on the trip.
2.3.1 True
2.4.2 They study in London.
2.3.2 False
2.4.3 It took eight hours.
2.3.3 True
1.4.4 The writer enjoyed the
river trip most. / The writer
most enjoyed/loved the river
trip.
2.3.4 True
2.3.2 easier to use, time,
safety and reliability
2.3.3 safety and reliability
2.3.4 lessen the impact on
the environment
Week 12 Reading 1
1.1.1 Doesn’t say
1.1.2 True
2.4.1 A lot of people prefer
talking to a local.
2.4.2 At what time do they go
home?
1.1.3 False
1.1.4 Doesn’t say
1.2.1 English / British
2.4.3 People aren’t as strict.
1.2.2 Because David
Beckham was moving there
2.4.4 They like starting a
conversation with small talk.
1.2.3 Three: English,French,
Spanish
1.1.4 the beach
Week 11 Reading 1
1.2.4 Because Becks is
playing well in Spain
1.2.1 Doesn’t say
1.1.1 Young people
1.3.1 journalist
1.2.2 False
1.1.2 Yes
1.3.2 (they) bought
1.2.3 True
1.1.3 Say no
1.3.3 mad (a bit mad)
1.2.4 False
1.1.4 Different customs and
beliefs, culture
1.3.4 keeps (my dad) happy
Week 10 Reading 1
1.1.1 landed
1.1.2 booking
1.1.3 hire
1.3.1 Yes
1.3.2 Julia, his friend
1.3.3 Maybe
1.3.4 William
1.4.1a My luggage didn’t
arrive.
1.2.1 True
1.4.2 c
1.2.2 False
1.4.3 c
1.2.3 False
1.4.4 b
1.2.4 True
1.4.2a I went to Huatulco.
1.3: especialmente/
especially, special / especial,
difficult/ dificil, salary/ salario,
vacation/ vacación
1.4.2b I go to Huatulco.
Week 11 Reading 2
1.4.3a We’re going to visit
you.
2.1a telephone operator
1.4.1b My luggage will arrive.
1.4.3b We visited you.
1.4.1 a
2.1b typesetting
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Week 12 Reading 2
2.1.1 c
2.1.2 b
2.1.3 b
2.1.4 d
2.2.1 a
2.2.2 c
2.2.3 b
2.3.1 Ben
2.3.3 Ben’s host mother
2.2.4 a
2.3.2 Mexico
2.3.4 really good
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