Organic Chemistry Packet
Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes
1. List the prefixes for hydrocarbons
Number of Carbons
Prefix
Number of Carbons
Prefix
2. Give the general formula for each type of hydrocarbon:
a. Alkane
b. Alkene
c. Alkyne
3. Give the formula for the following:
a. An alkane with 5 carbons
b. An alkene with 3 carbons
c. An alkyne with 8 carbons
4. Draw the structural formula for each molecule with question 3:
a.
b.
c.
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5. Name the following compounds:
a. CH3CH=CH2
b. CH3C≡CCH2CH2CH3
c. CH3CH2CH2 CH2CH2 CH2CH2CH3
6. Draw the condensed structural formula and carbon skeleton formula for the
following molecules:
a. Octane
b. Pentene
c. Butyne
7. Give the name for each of the following compounds:
a.
b.
c.
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Alkyl Groups
1. List the alkyl groups for hydrocarbons:
Name
Condensed
Structural Formula
Name
Condensed
Structural Formula
2. Draw the structural formulas for the following compounds:
a. 2,2,4-trimethylhexane
b. 3-ethyl-2,4,5-trimethyloctane
c. 1,1,2-trichlorobutane
d. 5-butyl-2,2-dimethylnonane
e. 2,2-dimethylpropane
3. Explain why each of the following has an incorrect name. What is the correct
name?
a. 1,3-dimethylbutane
b. 4-methylpentane
c. 2,2-diethylbutane
d. 2-ethyl-3-methylpentane
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4. Give the proper name for each skeletal drawing:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
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Isomers
1. For each letter, draw all the iosmers required.
a. Draw all the structural isomers of C4H9F. (Hint: 4 isomers)
b. Draw all the structural isomers of C7H16 with a carbon chain of 5 atoms.
(Hint: 5 isomers)
c. Draw all the structural, geometric, and cyclic isomers of C4H8. (Hint: 6
isomers)
d. Draw all the structural isomers of C6H3F2Cl that include a benzene ring.
(Hint: 6 isomers)
2. In question 1, part a and b, identify all carbon atoms within each isomer that is a
chiral center. Denote the carbon atom that is a chiral center with a *.
3. For each organic molecule determine if it is chiral or achiral:
a.
b.
c.
achiral
achiral
achiral
4. Indicate which of the following compounds shows geometric isomerism, draw the
structures and specify them as cis or trans.
a. 1-butene
b. 2-butene
c. 1,1-dicholorethene
d. 1,2-dicholorethene
e. 2-methyl-2-butene
f. 1-pentene
g. 1-cholorpropene
h. 1-chloro-2-methyl-2-butene
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5. State how the two structures in each of the following pairs are related to each
other. They may be structural isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, or the same
compound.
6. Identify each compound in question four as chiral or achiral.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
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Functional Groups
1. Complete the chart with all the information for each functional group:
Functional
Group
General
Formula
Structural
Formula
Naming
Suffix
Example
Drawing
Example
Name
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2. For each molecule circle and name the functional group. Some molecules will
have more than one functional group; in those cases circle and name all function
groups present.
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3. Draw the structural formula, condensed structural formula and the skeletal
formula following molecules:
a. 2-methyl-2-butanol
b. 2,2,-dimethyl-1-propanol
c. 2-penten-1-ol
d. 3-butyn-2-ol
4. Name the following organic compounds drawn:
a.
b.
c.
d.
5. Using
a.
b.
c.
d.
the formula C3O2H6, draw the4 following isomers:
Draw two isomers that contain an ester.
A molecule that contains a carboxylic acid.
A molecule that contains two alcohols but no alkenes.
A molecule that contains an either and an alcohol.
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Polymerization
1. Draw the polymer using the monomer. Use 3 monomer units in your polymer.
Identify if it is a condensation or addition polymerization. Identify the repeating
unit.
2. Write the polymer reaction using styrene; use 3 styrene monomer units in your
polymer. Identify where this is a condensation or addition polymerization.
3. Write the polymer reaction when 2 diamines and 2 dicarboxylic acids shown
reaction. Is this a condensation or addition polymerization? Identify repeating
units.
4. Write the polymer reaction from the reaction of 3 monomer units of the molecule
shown. Is this a condensation or addition polymerization?
5. What monomer(s) were used to make each of the following polymers?
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