Served as the link between
the Sumerians and the
Gods?
Who established the
world’s first empire?
Describe Cuneiform.
How did developing the
alphabet help the
Phoenicians?
Technology Assyrians and
Hittites used in battle.
Priests
Sargon
Writing using wedge shaped
symbols
Made writing easier
Iron weapons and chariots
Name of region of rich
farmland between Asia
Minor and the Persian
Gulf.
World’s first civilization
and the name of the
people
The Fertile Crescent
Mesopotamia; Sumerians
Religion of the Sumerians
is an example of
Polytheism
Sumerians used the wheel
for
Carts, to make pottery
Hammurabi is best known
for his
Code of laws
What present day country
was Phoenicia located in?
Phoenicians used the sea
to trade because
Lebanon
Overland routes were
blocked
Who was Justinian?
Roman emperor
Who led early Christian
communities?
bishops
Whom do Hebrews claim
as their ancestor?
Abraham
The Torah is the first part
of the
Most all of the people who
lived in the Byzantine
empire were what
religion?
Hebrew Bible
Christian
Christianity spread through
the Roman empire after
The conversion of
Constantine
The Trinity is
The Christian belief that
God is made up of three
persons
Jewish religious leaders are
called
Rabbis
What do Jews consider the
holiest day of the year?
Yom Kippur
A central part of all Jewish
religion services is
Reading from the Torah
Why are there many
denominations of
Christians?
People have interpreted
Jesus’ teachings in many
different ways.
A big difference between Christian belief that Jesus is
Christianity and Judaism
the Messiah
Water in the Arabian
Peninsula is located mainly
in
Scattered oases
According to the Qur’an,
paradise is
A beautiful garden full of
fine food and drink
In the story of
Muhammad, what did he
do first?
Travel to Medina or go to
the hills to pray and
meditate
The central teaching of the There is only one God and
Qur’an
Muhammad is his prophet
What is the Hajj
When did Islam change
from an Arab religion to a
multicultural religion?
Pilgrimage to Mecca that
Muslims are expected to
make
Through blending of
cultures that occurred in
lands conquered by the
Arabs
Two cities that grew up
during the spread of Islam
Baghdad and Cordoba
What empire did Suleyman
I rule during
Ottoman
Traveler like Ibn Battutah
expanded Muslim
knowledge of
Geography
A way of supplying water
to an area of land
irrigation
The world’s first form of
writing
Cuneiform
A division of society by
rank or class
Social hierarchy
Long poems that tell the
story of a hero
Epics
Land with different
territories and peoples
under a single ruler
empire
A set of letters that can be
combined to form words
alphabet
Place where Jesus grew up
Nazareth
Jesus’ followers
The Hebrews’ religion
disciples
Judaism
The capital of the eastern
Roman Empire
Constantinople
Pictures made with pieces
of colored glass or stone
mosaic
One of the Byzantine
Empire’s most beautiful
churches
Hagia Sofia
A code of moral laws
Ten Commandments
Worship of only one God
Monotheism
Title used by Persian kings
Shah
Five acts of worship
required of all Muslims
Five Pillars of Islam
To make an effort, or to
struggle; holy war
jihad
acceptance
tolerance
Building for Muslim prayer
Mosque
A title that Muslims use for
the highest leader of Islam
Caliph
Common feature in
Muslim architecture
minaret
A journey to a sacred place
Pilgrimage
Sumerian technical
advances
Plow
Clock
wheel
Beliefs shared by Jews and
Christians
One God
You should love God
You should love others
What is Ramadan, and
how do Muslims show its
importance?
Holy month that the Qur’an
says Allah began his
revelations to Muhammad.
They fast from dawn to sunset.
Subject of a great
Sumerian Epic
Written list of laws that
controlled people’s lives
and behavior
Gilgamesh
Hammurabi’s Code
Many believe the Hebrews
were the first to practice
Monotheism
Muslims scholars are
credited with developing
Algebra
The most sacred city in
Islam is
Mecca
Facts about Jesus
-Some believed he was the
Messiah that Jewish
prophets had predicted
-Was seen as a threat by
some Roman leaders
-Taught people to love God
and be kind to each other