Lysosomes and
Peroxisomes
By: Heather R, Chelsie W. and
Cullen M.
Lysosomes and Peroxisomes
• Lysosomes and Peroxisomes are both found
in the cytoplasm in some cells. Lysosomes
are found in eukaryotic animal cells and
rarely in plant cells. Peroxisomes are found
in both, but in far greater numbers in
eukaryotic cells.
Peroxisomes
• Peroxisomes are organelles found in
the cytoplasm, they are some of the
first organelles to develop in cells.
They are responsible for removing
toxins from the cell and especially
hydrogen peroxide, which is a natural
by-product of cell metabolism.
Description
Peroxisomes:
diameters of about 0.5 micron
Postage Stamp (1 inch) -> 25 400
Eye of a needle ->1230
Table Salt -> 120
Spider web (individual strand) -> 2-3
Millimeter- 0.001
*Round or oval
bodies
-chiton
-mollusc
-Hepatopancreas
organ
In depth look at Peroxisomes
• Unlike mitochondria they cannot
replicate using there own DNA and
they must be created from DNA stored
in the nucleus. Once created they wait
for an particular amino acid signal,
called a peroxiosomal targeting signal
to hit the receptors to begin its job.
Associated Problems
• The Peroxisomes are associated with
metabolic diseases, approximately 1 in
every 20 000 people suffer from a
mutation of a Peroxisomes, or lack of
them. There are some nasty disease
associated with it especially
Zellwegar’s disease in new-borns,
most will die before the age of one.
Lysosomes
• The job of a lysosome contains certain
hydrolytic enzymes used for digestion.
The lysosome will bond with
particlues brought into the cell by
phagocytosis. The lysosome will
release its contents into the
membrane of the foreign particle.
These enzymes will break down and
digest the particle.
Description cont...
Lysosomes:
“
•suicide-bags
•Lysis- dissolution or
destruction
•Tiny, smaller than
vacuoles
•Found in tears and
saliva
•200nm - 500nm
•Kiss and Run!
In depth look at Lysosomes
• The enzymes called hydrolases are
created in the cells endoplasmic
reticulum. They are then transported
to the golgi apparatus where the
lysosome is created and released into
the cytoplasm of the cell. The
lysosome will bond to either a
phagosome or a defective or worn out
organelle. It will inject the hydrolases
into the membrane.
Associated Problems
• If certain hydrolases are missing from
a cell, serious illness can occur due to
a build up of molecules and
organelles.
Apoptosis
•
•
•
•
•
Programmed cell death
No harmful substances into area
Health of body
Immortal (cancer)
Works too well-> kills too many cells->tissue
damage (strokes & Parkinson's)
• http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/
chapter2/animation__lysosomes.html