Cartilage and Bone
VIBS 443/602
OBJECTIVES
GENERAL ORGANIZATION
MECHANISM OF GROWTH
CHARACTERISTICS OF CELLS
CELLS OF CT
FIBROBLASTS
MESENCHYMAL
CELLS and RBC
ADIPOSE CELLS
MACROPHAGE
PLASMA CELLS
MAST CELLS and WBC
CHONDROBLASTS
CHONDROCYTES
OSTEOBLASTS
OSTEOCYTES
OSTEOCLASTS
TYPES OF CARTILAGE
HYALINE CARTILAGE
ELASTIC CARTILAGE
FIBROCARTILAGE
220
primary spongiosa of the Fetal finger
194
Fetal elbow
194
Fetal elbow
421
Tibia, fetal
133
Trachea, monkey
Appositional growth of
cartilage
EM 11: cartilage
1. Chondrocyte
2. Fibroblast
3. Appositional
growth region
4. Type I collagen
5. Type II collagen
interstitial growth of
cartilage
EM 13: cartilage interstitial growth of
chondrocytes
1. 2 daughter chondrocytes resulting
from interstitial growth
2. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
HYALINE
CARTILAGE
EPIPHYSEAL PLATE,
RESPONSIBLE FOR
LONGITUDINAL GROWTH
OF LONG BONES
220
cartilage growth in endochondral bone
formation of the Fetal finger
OSTEOBLAST
OSTEOCLAST
OSTEOCLAST
OSTEOBLAST
Elastic cartilage in pina of ear
#19762
Connective
tissue
epithelium
Connective
tissue
epithelium
Elastic cartilage
Elastic cartilage
FIBROCARTILAGE
INTERMEDIATE BETWEEN
DENSE REGULAR
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
AND HYALINE
CARTILAGE
NO PERICHONDRIUM
194 Fibrocartilage of Fetal elbow
Fibrocartilage
Fibrocartilage
194 Fibrocartilage of Fetal elbow
Fibrocartilage
194 Fibrocartilage of Fetal elbow
Fibrocartilage
220 Fetal finger – fibroblasts in tendon
Tendon
Fibrocartilage
endochondral
bone formation
CELLS OF BONE
OSTEOBLASTS - SECRETE OSTEOID - BONE
– EXPAND BONE BY APPOSITIONAL GROWTH
OSTEOCYTE =
OSTEOBLAST
TRAPPED IN
MATRIX OF
BONE
APPOSITIONAL GROWTH
EM 12: osteoblast adjacent to
osteoid; bone; RER and Golgi
1. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
2. Golgi
3. Osteoid
4. Nucleus of osteoblast
CELLS OF BONE
FUNCTIONS OF BONE
CALCIUM REGULATION
Parathroid hormone (BONE
RESORPTION)
Calcitonin (PREVENTS
RESORPTION)
These HORMONES are
INVOLVED IN TIGHT
REGULATION as
1/4 OF FREE CA++ IN BLOOD IS
EXCHANGED EACH MINUTE.
HEMOPOIESIS
COMPACT BONE
HAVERSIAN
SYSTEMS LAMELLAE OF BONE
AROUND HAVERSIAN
CANAL LINKED BY
VOLKMANN’S CANAL
COMPACT BONE
REMODELING
Over time
COMPACT BONE
REMODELING
Slide 121: compact bone
(unstained ground bone)
1. Blood vessel
2. Haversian canal
3. Interstitial system
4. Lacuna
425
Bone (unstained)
425
Bone (unstained)
121
Bone, rabbit femur
121
Bone, rabbit femur
121
Bone, rabbit femur
421
Tibia, fetal
195 Osteoblasts in the Fetal jaw
195 Osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and
osteocytes in Fetal jaw
osteoclasts
osteocytes
osteoblasts
420
Rib
220
How many Osteoclasts of Fetal
finger can you spot?
Osteoclasts
ENDOCHONDRAL (SPONGY/
CANCELLOUS) BONE FORMATION
CARTILAGE MODEL
CENTERS OF OSSIFICATION
PRIMARY CENTER OF
OSSIFICATION
• DIAPHYSIS
SECOND CENTER OF
OSSIFICATION
• CENTER OF EACH EPIPHYSIS
220
cartilage growth in endochondral bone formation of the Fetal finger
194
Articular surfaces of hyaline cartilage of the
Fetal elbow
HISTOGENESIS OF BONE
INTRAMEMBRANOUS
OSSIFICATION
FLAT BONES
OF SKULL
SKELETAL CONNECTIVE
TISSUE
420
420
420
420
420
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32583
Polychromatic
normoblast
32583
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