Islamic University of Gaza
Faculty of Nursing
Trends And Issues
History and Development of Nursing
History and Development of
Nursing
To understand the evolution of nursing, we
should understand other important
development that has profoundly
influenced its growth:
 The crusaders.
 The renaissance (‫)عصر النهضة‬.
 The reformation.
 The industrial revolution.
 The emancipation of women (equality ‫)حقوق المرأة‬.
The Development of Nursing Seems to Fall into
Three Main Periods:
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Form the earliest times to the latter
part of the eighteenth century.
From the latter part of eighteenth
century to the establishment of the
first modern school of nursing in
1860.
From 1860 to the present.
It is obvious that the fight for
professional advancement is
associated with the struggle of
political, economic, and
educational freedom of women.
Development of Body of knowledge
(Education)
Florence nightingale
 Early school of nursing
 Later school of nursing
 Age of specialization
 Science based programs
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Origins of Nursing
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Nursing has never existed in isolation; the
groups and social structure in which people
were living have defined the role of nurses.
Nursing originated with primitive mother
who cared for ill members of her family
unit.
The term “nurse” stem from Latin
word ”nutrix” or “nutrio”
 Means to nourish.
 Very little things have been written
about nursing as a unique professional
in ancient times… but through the
study of ancient health care practices
to see the development of nursing.
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Example
about 250 years B.C, King Asoka
founded building like hospital;
Male (practical nurses) functioned in it.
 One-year A.C, prevention of diseases
and hygiene procedure considered as a
religions duty.
 325 years A.C, an official order of
deaconesses was established function
as a visiting nurse and social worker
appointed by the bishops of the church.
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Phoebe: is recommendation as
the first visiting nurse.
 330 years A.C, a large hospital
was founded by Empera
Constantine the great.
 370 years A.C, the largest
hospital in Asia was built
(Basilias).
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Early Nursing Leaders
Nightingale reformation:
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An English women born in Florence “Italy” on
May, 2nd ,1820 of wealthy parents.
despite her family’s protests, she worked
alongside nursing deaconesses.
Her biographer Sir, Thomas Cook.
She have broad knowledge of science, history,
politic, and economic.
Died on August 13,1910.
Called the lady with the lamp
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Born: 12 May 1820)
Florence, Grand Duchy
of Tuscany
Died: 13 August 1910
(aged 90)
Park Lane, London,
United Kingdom
Profession: Nurse and
Statistician
Institutions: Selimiye
Barracks, Scutari
Specialism: Hospital
hygiene and sanitation
Known for: Pioneering
modern nursing
The Crimean War
Nightingale’s contributions:
Nightingale changed the negative image of
nursing to a positive one.
She is credited with:
 Training people for the work they would
perform.
 Selecting only those with an upstanding
character as potential nurse.
 Improving sanitary conditions for patients.
Significantly reduced death rate of
British soldiers.
 Providing classroom education and
clinical teaching.
 Advocating that nursing education
should be life long process.
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Recognition that nutrition is an
important part of nursing care.
 Establishing a respected occupation for
women.
 Believing that nursing is separate and
distinct from medicine.
 Identifying personal needs of patient
and the role of nurse in meeting those
needs.
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Nightingale Environmental Model
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Health House.
Ventilation and warm.
Light.
Noise.
Variety.
Bed and bedding.
Personal cleanliness.
Nutrition and taking food.
Chattering hopes and advice.
Social considerations.
Florence nightingale elevated the
status of nursing to a respected
occupation, improved the quality
of nursing care, and founded
modern nursing education
Thank You