Name:______________________________________ Date:_______________________ Period:__________ Railroads, Robber Barons, and Unbridled Capitalism 1. Which historian showed his bias against capitalism in his book The Robber Barons? 2. Which people built the greatest industrial nation the world had ever seen? 3. What term is used by socialists to describe those who used the capitalist system to build our nation during the 19th century? List the three men who were accused, by socialists, of using the capitalist system to exploit the working class, form anticompetitive trusts, and accumulated personal wealth? 4. List four advantages of rail transport over roads, rivers, and canals: 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. What increased between the agricultural south and the industrialized north? 22. What did the northern states institute to protect their industries from foreign competition? 23. What region was negatively impacted by high tariffs? 24. What was discovered in California in January of 1848? 5. 6. 25. What got involved in the construction of a transcontinental railroad in the mid-1800s? 7. Which Muckraker wrote the History of the Standard Oil Company? 8. Who did she believe were a destructive force? List the seven “Kings of Industry” and their corresponding industries: (caption) 26. Name: Industry: 9. What name was given to historians that criticized the socialist view of the so called “Robber Barons”? 10. What was commerce limited to during the first 50 years of our Republic’s history? 11. Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during Gibbons v. Ogden? 12. Prior to the Gibbons v. Ogden decision and according to the original intent of the Constitution, what had no power to regulate commerce within a state? 27. Name: Industry: 28. Name: Industry: 29. Name: Industry: 30. Name: Industry: 31. Name: Industry: 13. What did the federal government assume power over during the mid-1800s? 14. Where were railroads invented in the early 1800s? 32. Name: Industry: 15. What was the first railroad company in the United States? 16. When was it established? 33. Which states opposed the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad on Constitutional grounds? 34. In what year was the bill to build the Transcontinental Railroad signed into law? 35. Who wrote, How Capitalism Saved America? 36. Who “succeeds financially by selling a newer, better, or less expensive product on the free market without any government subsidies…”? List three things that James J. Hill did to encourage the development of businesses that used the Great Northern Railroad: 50. 51. 37. Who calls the shots in a capitalist/free market economy? 52. 38. Who “succeeds primarily by influencing government to subsidize…business or industry or to enact legislation or regulation that harms his competitors”? 53. Who said, “the government should not furnish capital to these companies, in addition to their enormous land subsidies, to enable them to conduct their business in competition with enterprises [like mine] that have received no aid from the public treasury.”? 54. Who becomes wealthy at the taxpayers’ expense and use the power of government to protect their wealth? 39. Which railroad company began construction on the Transcontinental Railroad in Sacramento? 40. How much of a bond subsidy per mile was given to Central Pacific for track built on the plains? 41. How much of a bond subsidy per mile was given to Central Pacific for track built between mountains? 42. How much of a bond subsidy per mile was given to Central Pacific for track built over mountains? 43. How much public land was given to the railroads for every mile of track laid? 1862: 1864: 44. Where did the Union Pacific Railroad meet the Central Pacific Railroad? 45. In what year did the two railroads join? 46. How much land was given by the federal government to the two railroad companies? 47. What European nation is larger than the land given to the two Railroad companies? 48. What was the construction of the railroad like due to government intervention? (caption) 49. Who built the Great Northern Railroad without any government aid? 55. Who becomes wealthy only when they successfully meet their customer’s demands? “[James J. Hill] had built the best railroad in America and used it to beat subsidized rivals time and again. He helped open the Northwest to settlement…. He made a difference in the way the world worked…. He was the real hero in the drama of American transcontinental railroads.” Burton Folsom