Welcome to CJ 101 Seminar
Final Seminar
Take a deep breath and relax
We’ll be starting on the hour
~ J. C. Paez
Unit 9
Final Essay Requirements
Write a three-page paper that answers all three of
the following questions:
1. How does our correctional system punish
offenders?
2. How does our correctional system rehabilitate
offenders?
3. Which method is more effective in reducing
crime, punishment or rehabilitation? Explain
your choice.
Final Essay Requirements
A minimum of three references
One reference can be the course textbook
The other reference should come from the
Kaplan library. Be sure to list sources on
reference page.
DO NOT use Wikipedia as a reference.
Final Essay Requirements
Paper must follow the following format:
Page 1 – Cover page, (essay title, name, course, professor)
Pages 2, 3 and 4 – Body of text
Page 5 – Reference page
Final Essay Requirements
Write a full 3 pages for your body of
text. Your paper should be written in size 12
font and double spaced. Acceptable fonts
Include: Times New Roman, Arial, & Courier.
Submit the assignment to the Dropbox by the
end of Unit 9 in the basket titled Unit 9: Final
Essay
Prisons and Jails
Food for Thought!
“To put people behind walls and bars and do
little or nothing to change them is to win a battle
but lose a war. It is wrong. It is expensive. It is
stupid.”
- Former Chief Justice Warren E. Burger
(1907-1995)
Physical Punishment vs.
Incarceration
Before the development of prisons, physical
punishments were commonly used on
criminal offenders.
Types of early punishments
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
flogging
mutilation
branding
public humiliation
workhouses
exile
Flogging
The last officially sanctioned flogging of a
criminal offender in the United States was in
Delaware on June 16, 1952, when a burglar
received 20 lashes.
1994, the flogging in Singapore of Michael Fay,
an American teenager convicted of spraypainting parked cars.
Conversation for Thought!
In your opinion, which one of the old time
punishments might serve a purpose in dealing with
some of today’s offenders?
Why or why not?
Old Time Punishments
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
flogging
mutilation
branding
public humiliation
workhouses
exile
Jails
Are a locally operated short term
confinement facilities originally built to
hold suspects following arrest and
pending trial.
A 2005 report by Bureau of justice
statistics; found that the nation’s jails held
713,990 inmates - 12% of whom were
women.
Jails are often run by sheriffs or the
local government.
Jails operate work release programs,
boot camps, and other specialized
services.
Jails tend to address educational
needs, substance abuse needs, and
vocational needs more then prisons.



There are, approximately 1,325 state prisons
and 84 federal prisons are in operation across
the country today.
Federal Prisons are designed to house the more
serious offenders.
There still exist “Workhouse” type prisons
where inmates still work for the state or
produce products for use by the state.
Differences
Prison
Jail
• According to the Department of
Justice, as many as 1.5 million
people are in prisons in the U.S.
• Long-term sentences are served
in prison
• State-run or Federally-run Bureau
of Prisons, or Private-run facilities
• Prisoners are already convicted
and serving time
• Approximately 715,000 people
are in jail in the U.S.
• Sentences of less than 1 year are
served in jail
• Run by local Sheriff or local
government
• Some prisoners are awaiting trial
Women Inmates
Although women number only 12% of the
country’s jail population, they are the
largest growth group in jails nationwide.
The proportion of women in jails across
the nation has steadily risen during the
past two decades.
Why?
Women Inmates
Less than half of all women inmates are high
school graduates.
Drug abuse - more than 30% of women
inmates are have a substance-abuse problem
at the time of admission.
In some parts of the country, that figure may
be as high as 70%.
Women Inmates
■ Few facilities for women have
programs especially designed for
female offenders.
■ Few major disturbances or
escapes are reported among
female inmates.
■ Substance abuse among female
inmates is very high.
■ Few work assignments are
available to female inmates.
Recidivism
A 1978 study showed that nearly 70% of
young adults paroled from prison in 22 states
were rearrested for serious crimes one or
more times within six years of their release.
The study group was estimated to have
committed 36,000 new felonies within the six
years following their release, including 324
murders, 231 rapes, 2,291 robberies, and
3,053 violent assaults.
Recidivism
46% of recidivists would have been in prison at the
time of their readmission to prison if they had
served the maximum term to which they had
originally been sentenced.
Work Release
A prison program through which inmates are
temporarily released into the community to meet
job responsibilities.
Advantages?
Disadvantages?
Prison Population
Between 1980 and 2005, state and federal
prison populations more than quadrupled, from
329,000 inmates to almost 1.5 million.
Costs
Incarceration costs average $62 per inmate per day
at both the state and federal levels.
Prison systems across the nation face spiraling
costs as the number of inmates grows and as the
age of the inmate population increases.
In 2001, the cost of running the nation’s prisons
approached $60 billion.
The Future
A shift away from traditional publicly run facilities
to jails that are operated by private corporations
under contract with local government.
Gradebook
Take a look at your gradebook:
1. Complete option 2 missed seminars
2. Take quizzes – or re-take for better grade
3. Other assignments; Unit 1 assignment, Unit 3/4
power point project.
Final Thoughts
“If you think you can, or if you think
you can’t – you’re right”
- Henry Ford
Final Thoughts
“I have had the experience in life
of having been taught by many
who did not realize they were
teachers.”
- Maya Angelou
Good Luck!
Your success is my #1 concern
Contact me:
jpaez@kaplan.edu