Psychosocial Development In Adolescence

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Psychosocial Development in Adolescence

Lecture Week 13

Overview

 Relationships with Family, Peers, and Adult

Society

 Is Adolescent Rebellion a Myth?

 How Adolescents Spend Their Time

 Adolescents and Parents

 Adolescents and Siblings

 Peer and Friends

 Anti-social Behaviour and Delinquency

Adolescence

Adolescents spend more time with ______ and less with ______________

Fundamental values remain close to their parents’

Adolescents turn to peers for companionship and ____________ and to parents for a secure base from which they can try their wings (roots and wings)

Is Adolescent Rebellion A Myth?

G. Stanley ______ believed that young people ’ s efforts to adjust to their changing bodies and demands of adulthood usher in a period of “ storm and ______________ ”

Full-fledged rebellion appears to be ___________, at least among middle-class youngsters who are in school (1:5 experience rebellion)

Although adolescents may defy parental authority with some regularity, it does not normally lead to major family conflict or a sharp break with parental or societal standards

Most young people feel _________ to and _______ about their parents, share opinions on major issues, and value their parents’ approval

Changing Time Use and Changing

Relationships

As youngsters move through adolescence, much of this time is spent talking and

“ hanging out ” with peers, and increasingly with peers of the

___________ sex

Family

The character of family interactions changes:

Less time watching television together but more one on one __________________

Mothers appear to be more approachable than fathers for adolescents

_______ of grade 10 students feel their parents understand them (more boys than girls)

Family Conflict

Parents want their children to be _______________ but find it difficult to let go

Family conflict is often over “how much” or “how soon” and concern day to day matters

Most frequent during early adolescence (strains of

________________) but most intense during middle adolescence (____________ strains around independence)

Hinges on adolescents’ personality (hot temper, meanness, anxiety) and parents’ treatment of them

Parenting Styles

Most adolescents’ ______________ when they feel they come from a loving home with responsive parents

 ____________________ parenting seems to work best because they insist on important rules, norms, and values but are willing to listen, explain, & negotiate

 Teens whose parents were strict in enforcing behavioral rules had fewer behavioral problems than those with more _____________ parents

What kinds of issues caused the most conflict in your family when you were a teenager, and how were they resolved?

If you had lived with both parents, were your conflicts more with one parent than with the other? Did your mother and father handle such issues similarly or differently?

Adolescents and Siblings

 Adolescents are less __________ to siblings than to either parents or friends, are less influenced by them, and become even more _____________ as they move through adolescence

 Adolescents still show intimacy, ________, and admiration for their brothers and sisters

 Younger siblings still tend to look up to older ones

Peers And Friends

The peer group is:

 a source of emotional support during a complex transition as well as a source of

________________ for behaviour a source of affection, sympathy, understanding, and __________ guidance a place for experimentation a setting for achieving autonomy and independence from parents a place to form ____________ relationships

Antisocial Behavior And Juvenile

Delinquency

What influences young people to engage in – or refrain from - violence?

What determines whether or not a juvenile will grow up to be a hardened criminal?

An Epidemic of Youth Violence

(Box 17-2)

______________________

Refuse to listen to ______________ figures

Ignore feelings of others

Mistreat people

Rely on violence to solve problems

Believe life has treated them _____________

Look ______________ than peers

Cut classes (held back, suspended, drop out)

Use alcohol, drugs, join gangs, fight, steal, or

_____________ property

Video: Bowling for Columbine

Those Prone to Violence

Female perpetrators of violence

____________________ opinions of themselves

Life experience in which women were ___________ and violence was considered justified

Overly permissive or ____________ home atmosphere

Negative self-image prevents them from successfully succeeding at school or other constructive interests

_____________ or fearless, low IQ’s, learning disabilities

Witnessed or have been victims of ________________

Heavy exposure to media violence (desenstizing viewers to violence and depicting situations in which aggression is rewarded or justified)

Prevention

Signs that the epidemic of youth violence is

_________________

Successful preventive programs have given parents help in reducing the stress of child rearing and training in ________________ skills

Give young people substantial responsibility and opportunities to participate in making rules

Suggestions for parents; _______ and monitor television viewing, encourage participation in sports and other supervised after-school activities, use non-physical methods of discipline, teaching young people to stand up against _________________

Is There a ‘Universal Adolescent’?

Offer Self Image

Questionnaire

(5,938 adolescents in 10 countries)

1.

2.

Five aspects to self

Psychological self

___________l self

3.

4.

5.

Sexual self

Familial self

____________ self

Results

Cross-cultural commonalities particularly familial, social, and _____________

______ out of 10 had positive feelings toward parents, valued work, and friendship, and tried to learn from _______________

Described themselves as _______, able to cope with life, make decisions, and enjoyed a job well done, were confident in their sexuality, did not harbour grudges against parents, saw their mother and fathers as getting along most of the time, expected to be able to take ___________

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