8.1(C) Explain the significance of the following
dates:
1607 – founding of Jamestown
1619 – founding of House of Burgesses
1620 – Pilgrims arrive and create Mayflower
Compact
1776 – adoption of the Declaration of
Independence
1787 – writing of the U.S. Constitution
1803 - Louisiana Purchase
1861-65 – Civil War
TEK 8.1C
Independence 1st
Constitution 2nd
1. What happened in 1776?
the Declaration of Independence was written and approved
2. What is the significance of the passage of the Declaration of Independence?
it was the beginning of the revolution and the beginning of a new country
3. What happened in 1787?
the Constitutional Convention met and wrote the Constitution
4. What is the significance of the passage of the Constitution?
it created a government controlled by the people that has lasted over 200 yrs.
8.4(D) Analyze the issues of the
Constitutional Convention of 1787, including
the Great Compromise and the Threefifths Compromise.
TEK 8.4D
1. Explain the Virginia Plan.
* bicameral legislature (two houses)
* both based on population
* chief executive chosen by the legislature
* a federal court system
* popular with the big states
2. Explain the New Jersey Plan.
* a one-house legislature, with one vote per state (basically staying the same)
* Congress could tax and regulate trade
* a weak executive branch would be established with a council running it.
* popular with small states
TEK 8.4D
8.4C (cont.)
3. Explain the Great Compromise.
* legislature based on Virginia Plan
* bicameral legislature
* Lower House, House of Representatives, based on population
* Upper House, Senate, all states get two representatives
* all laws must be approved by both houses
4. Explain the 3/5’s Compromise.
3/5’s of the slave population would count toward the number of
representatives in the House of Representative
8.4(E) Analyze the arguments for and
against ratification.
TEK 8.4E
1. What is the biggest arguments over ratification of the Constitution?
 who should have more power, the states or the federal government?
 should it have a bill of rights or not?
Federalist
Anti-Federalist
8.5(A) Describe major domestic problems faced
by the leaders of the new republic such as:
- maintaining national security
- building a military
- creating a stable economic system
- setting up the court system and
- defining the authority of the central
government.
TEK 8.5A
1. After the colonies declared independence, they had to create a new government.
What were some of the major issues our new country faced, and how did they
effect the Articles of Confederation?
Concerns
How do we pay for the war?
How do we avoid another King
George?
Effect on Articles of Confederation
To avoid a strong central government, they decided
that only the states could tax the people; therefore
the states would have to pay for the war.
They decided to create a Confederation. A
Confederation is when the states have most of the
power and the federal government is very weak. The
Articles of Confederation did not even allow for there
to be any type of executive leader at the Federal
level. No Executive Leader!
2. By 1787, what were some of the issues the new country was facing that led to a
desire to restructure the federal government?
- states fighting amongst themselves
- no central leader to resolve the issues with new Spain over using the
Mississippi River
- debts from the war were not being paid
- Shay’s rebellion… what if another country attacked?
8.6(A) Explain how the Northwest
Ordinance established principles and
procedures for orderly expansion of the
United States.
TEK 8.6A
1. What was one good thing that came out of the Articles of Confederation?
the Northwest Ordinance
2. What did the Northwest Ordinance do?
* it created a plan for settling the lands west of the Appalachian Mountains and
* it established the steps for territories to apply for statehood
3. Where is the Northwest Territory?
all land:
- west of the Appalachian Mountains
- north of the Ohio River
- east of the Mississippi River
- south of the Great Lakes
8.15(A) Identify the influence of ideas
from historic documents, including:
- the Magna Carta
- the English Bill of Rights
- the Mayflower Compact
- the Federalist Papers
- and selected Anti-Federalist writings
on the U.S. system of government.
TEK 8.15A
1. What document was created in England in 1215 to put more restrictions on the
kings power?
the Magna Carta
2. In the U.S, the president’s powers are also limited by the supreme law of the
land. What is the supreme law of the land in the U.S.?
the U.S. Constitution
8.15(B) Summarize the strengths and
weaknesses of the Articles of
Confederation.
TEK 8.15B
1. Summarize the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.
Weaknesses
• Weak federal government
• No central leader
• Not able to tax
• No federal Courts
Strengths
• Northwest Ordinance
(plan for territories
to become states)
8.15(C) Identify colonial grievances listed
in the Declaration of Independence and
explain how those grievances were
addressed in the U.S. Constitution and the
Bill of Rights.
TEK 8.15C
Grievances in the Declaration of
Independence
How addressed in
the Constitution
• Taxation w/o representation
• Judges salaries guaranteed
• Denial of trial by jury
• Only elected officials in Congress
can levy taxes
• Soldiers staying in peoples
homes
• 3th Amendment
• King controlling judges salaries
• 7th Amendment
8.15(D) Analyze how the U.S. Constitution
reflects the principles of:
- limited government
- republicanism
- separation of powers
- checks and balances
- federalism
- and individual right.
TEK 8.15D
1. What are the 1st three words of the Constitution?.
We the People
2. What principle is expressed by the first three words of the Constitution?
popular sovereignty
3. What does popular sovereignty mean?
- it means the people hold the supreme power in the government and
- the government can only act with the consent of the governed
4. What was the name of the convention that met in Philadelphia to write the
Constitution?
the Constitutional Convention
5. When did they meet?
In 1787
6. Define federalism. (look at 10th amendment p. 221)
the sharing of powers between the U.S. and the states
7. Define republicanism.
a government run by elected representatives of the people
TEK 8.15D (cont.)
8. Define separation of powers.
the U.S. government is divided into 3 branches:
- the Legislative Branch makes the laws
- the Executive Branch enforces the laws
- the Judicial Branch interprets the laws
9. Define checks and balances.
each of the braches above has powers over the other 2 to keep any one branch
from abusing its’ power
10. Give an example of checks and balances.
1. The Legislative Branch passes a proposed law, but the president
(Executive Branch)must approve it or veto it before it can become law.
2. If the president (Executive Branch) vetoes the proposed law, the
Legislative Branch can override his veto and pass it anyway with a 2/3’s
vote.
3. If both the Legislative and Executive Branches passes a law, the
Judicial Branch can declare the law unconstitutional and throw it out.
TEK 8.15D
11. How does the Constitution check the presidents power to make treaties with
other countries?
all treaties must be approved by the Senate
8.16(A) Summarize the purposes for and
process of amending the Constitution.
TEK 8.16A
1. Which article in the Constitution allows changes or additions to be made to the
Constitution through an amendment process?
Article V
2. Why did the founding fathers feel it necessary to include an amendment process?
so the Constitution can reflect changes that occur in our society through time
3. What is the process of passing an amendment?
1st it must be proposed in Congress
2nd it must be approved by 2/3’s of Congress
3rd it must be approved by 3/4’s of the States
+
2/3’s
=
3/4’s
8.17(A) Analyze the arguments of the
Federalists and Anti-Federalists, including
Alexander Hamilton, Patrick Henry, James
Madison, and George Mason
TEK 8.17A
1. What do we call the Americans who wanted a stronger federal government and feared a
bill of rights would in the long run limit our rights?
the Federalists
2. What did the Anti-Federalists believe?
states should be stronger than the federal government
the Constitution must have a bill of rights
3. What famous American was upset about the writing of the Constitution?
Patrick Henry – he believed the Constitutional Convention was only meant to fix the
Articles of Confederation; he feared a strong federal government would take away
people’s rights.
4. What was the Anti-Federalists’ biggest concern about the Constitution?
They believed that without a bill of rights, the Constitution did not protect individual
freedoms.
8.19(A) Define and give examples of unalienable
rights.
TEK 8.19A
1. Define unalienable rights.
rights that everyone is born with and can not be taken away without due
process of law
8.19(B) Summarize rights guaranteed in
the Bill of Rights.
TEK 8.19B
1. Which amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
the 1st ten amendments
2. What rights are protected by the Bill of Rights?
(review memory devices)
3. What does due process mean?
procedures put in place to protect the accused (innocent until proven guilty)
4. Which amendments are known as the due process amendments?
the 4th Amendment – no “unreasonable search or seizures”
the 5th Amendment – right to remain silent, right to an attorney
the 6th Amendment - right to a speedy trial
the 7th Amendment – right to a trial by jury
the 8th Amendment – no cruel or unusual punishment
8.19(D) Identify examples of responsible
citizenship, including:
- obeying rules and laws
- staying informed on public issues
- voting and
- serving on juries
TEK 8.19D
1. Identify examples of responsible
citizenship.
- obeying rules and laws
- staying informed on public issues
- voting and
- serving on juries
8.20(A) Explain the role of significant
individuals such as:
- Thomas Hooker
- Montesquieu
- John Locke
- William Blackstone and
- William Penn
in the development of self-government in
colonial America.
TEK 8.20A
1. Which English philosopher influenced the founding fathers with his idea of
unalienable rights?
John Locke
2. Which French philosopher influenced the founding fathers with his idea of
separate but equal.
Charles Montesquieu
8.21(B) Describe the importance of free
speech and press in a constitutional
republic.
TEK 8.21B
1. Why did the Founding Fathers feel it was so important to protect freedom of the
press when they created the Bill of Rights?
they felt if the people were to maintain control of the government, they had to
be kept informed of what is going on in the government
8.25(C) Analyze the impact of the 1st
Amendment guarantees of religious freedom on
the America way of life.
TEK 8.25A
1. Several different churches within a few blocks of each other is a great example of
how which amendment has affected our lives?
The First Amendment guarantees our personal freedoms including freedom of
religion
You choose!!!