NUTRITION
By: Veronica Rhea
Audience: 9th and 10th graders
Vocabulary
 Nutrition- The process by
which your body takes in and
uses food.
The energy your body receives
from food is measured in calories
 Calorie- A unit if heat used to measure the
energy your body uses and the energy it receives
from food
 The calories in the food you eat provide energy your
body needs
Nutrition affects lifelong health.
Poor Nutrition can put you at risk to develop:
1) Cardiovascular Disease
2) Certain Cancers
3) Stroke
4) Osteoporosis
What influences your food
choices?
 Hunger- Natural physical drive to eat, prompted
by the body’s need for food
 Appetite- psychological desire for food.
 Smell of good food makes you want more even when you
are full!
Food and Emotions
 Eat in response to emotional need
Stressed, frustrated, lonely, sad, bored
 Leads to weight gain
 When appetite is depressed, perhaps when
you are upset, body is not getting nutrients it
needs!
Food and Environment
 How your family and friends eats will influence
how you eat!
 Unhealthy snacks, big portions, unhealthy meals
 Fast food, cheap & convenient
 Advertisements will
try to influence your decisions.
Nutrients
 Your body uses nutrients in many ways :
 Energy source
 To heal, build and repair tissue
 Sustain growth
 Help transport oxygen to cells
6 Types of Nutrients
 Carbohydrates
 Proteins
 Fats
 Vitamins
 Minerals
 Water
Carbohydrates
 Starches and sugars found in foods
 Main source of energy
 45-65% of your daily calories should come from
carbohydrates (about 1500 calories)
 Fiber- tough complex carb that the body can not
digest-moves waste through digestive system
Carbohydrates
 Role: Gets broken down into their simplest
forms, mostly glucose.
 Glucose- Main source of fuel, stored in body
Proteins
 Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain
its cells and tissues.
 amino acids
 Muscles, bones, skin and internal organs are
constructed of protein.
 One egg=6 grams, Chicken Breast= 30 grams
Fats
 Need a certain amount
 Provide small amount of energy
 Cardiovascular endurance= fat burn
 3 types
 Unsaturated, saturated, trans
Unsaturated Fats
 Vegetable oils, nuts and seeds.
 Eating these in moderate amounts can help
lower risk of heart disease
Saturated Fats
 Found mostly in animal based foods
 Meat, Dairy
 Consuming too much may lead to heart
disease
Trans Fat
 Margarine, snack foods, packaged baked
goods- cookies crackers
 Raise your total blood cholesterol levels,
increases risk of heart disease
 Fats are high in calories
 Consuming too many can lead to unhealthy
weight gain and obesity
 Cholesterol- waxy, fat-like substance in your
blood
 Excess cholesterol can
Clog arteries, raising risk
for heart disease!
Vitamins
 Compounds found in food that help regulate many
body processes.
 Vitamin C, folic acid and B vitamins-water soluble
 Dissolve into water and pass easily in the bloodstream
during digestion
 Body doesn’t store these, unused amounts are removed
by kidneys.
Fat Soluble Vitamins
 Stored in body fat for later use.
 Vitamins (A,D,E,K)
 If you consume too many, can build up in
body and become harmful
 More Info on Vitamins :
 http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fy890
Minerals
 Elements found in foods that are used by




body
We can not produce them, we need to
consume them through food or supliments
Calcium- promotes bone health
Helps reduce risk of osteoporosis
Commonly found in milk.
Water
 Essential for body’s functions:
 Moving food through digestive







system
Digesting carbohydrates
Transporting nutrients
removing waste
Storing, releasing heat
Cooling body through perspiration
Lubricating joints
Cushioning eyes, brain and spinal chord
 Girls need 9 cups of fluids a day
 Boys- 13 fluids a day
 About 20% of your daily water intake comes
from foods you eat, since most foods contain
some water