APPENDIX A: Search Strategy
MEDLINE
1. Adolescent/
2. schools/ or students/
3. exp Puberty/
4. (adol* or teen* or juvenile* or youth* or student*).tw.
5. pubert*.tw.
6. 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5
7. Adolescent Psychology/ or Adolescent Psychiatry/
8. behav*.tw.
9. adolescent behaviour/ or Behaviour/ or behavioural symptoms/ or affective symptoms/ or
aggression/ or agonistic behaviour/ or bullying/ or depression/ or self-injurious behaviour/ or
self mutilation/ or stress, psychological/ or drinking behaviour/ or alcohol drinking/ or drugseeking behaviour/ or impulsive behaviour/ or risk reduction behaviour/ or risk-taking/ or
social behaviour/ or Risk-Taking/ or Accidents/ or accidents, home/ or accidents, traffic/ or
Dangerous Behaviour/ or impulsive behaviour/ or compulsive behaviour/ or behaviour,
addictive/
10. (Social* adj3 (behav* or conform* or adjustment or dominan*)).tw.
11. (Behav* adj3 (competitive or cooperative)).tw.
12. (Risk adj3 (taking or behav*)).tw.
13. (impulsiv* or dangerous* or dangerous behav* or hazardous or delinqu* or antisocial
behav* or conduct disorder* or oppositional defian*).tw.
14. exp Substance-Related Disorders/
15. (drug taking or drug abuse or smok* or tobacco or alcohol or addiction* or substance
abuse or drug dependenc*).tw.
16. (accident* or crash* or traffic accident*).tw.
17. exp Self Concept/
18. Body Image/ or personal autonomy/
19. (Self adj3 (concept* or image* or esteem or perception*)).tw.
20. exp aggression/ or bullying/
21. Violence/ or Juvenile Delinquency/ or Student Dropouts/ or Social Behaviour Disorders/
22. (aggress* or violen* or bully* or bullies).tw.
23. mental disorders diagnosed in childhood/ or "attention deficit and disruptive behaviour
disorders"/ or child behaviour disorders/ or "feeding and eating disorders of childhood"/ or
Antisocial Personality Disorder/ or Conduct Disorder/
24. social behaviour/ or aggression/ or competitive behaviour/ or cooperative behaviour/ or
helping behaviour/ or shyness/ or social dominance/ or social identification/ or social
isolation/ or social stigma/
25. exp Self-injurious behaviour/
26. exp Suicide/
27. emotions/ or affect/ or irritable mood/ or anger/ or rage/ or anxiety/ or apathy/ or
boredom/ or happiness/ or hate/ or hostility/
28. (emotion* or mood* or bored* or hostil* or apath* or frustrat*).tw.
29. exp mood disorders/
30. mental disorders/ or Depression/ or anxiety disorders/ or eating disorders/ or mood
disorders/ or sleep disorders/ or substance-related disorders/
31. (depress* or suicid* or parasuicid* or self harm* or self injur* or self destruct* or self
mutilat*).tw.
32. (anxiet* or nervous* or anxious).tw.
33. motivation/ or achievement/ or "conflict (psychology)"/ or drive/ or goals/ or "power
(psychology)"/
34. (motivat* or ambition*).tw.
35. exp Sleep Disorders/
36. sleep/ or sleep disorders/ or dyssomnias/ or sleep deprivation/ or sleep disorders,
circadian rhythm/ or sleep disorders, intrinsic/
37. (sleep* or insomnia or sleep disorder or late waking).tw.
38. or/7-37
39. exp Estrogens/
40. exp Oestradiol/
41. (estrogen or oestradiol or ?oestradiol or ?estrogen*).mp.
42. 39 or 40 or 41
43. 6 and 38 and 42
65. limit 64 to humans
APPENDIX B: Table of Excluded Studies
Author
Attie et al. [1]
Avgoustinaki et al. [2]
Baker et al. [3]
Balada et al. [4]
Barrack et al. [5]
Benjet et al. [6]
Benjet et al. [7]
Blyth et al. [8]
Boettinger et al. [9]
Brambilla et al. [10]
Brooker et al. [11]
Bruinsma et al. [12]
Chandrashekhar et al. [13]
Colzato et al. [14]
Cotrufo et al. [15]
Culbert et al. [16]
Daitzman et al. [17]
de Water et al. [18]
DeBruine et al. [19]
Deng et al. [20]
DeRose et al. [21]
Dick et al. [22]
Dorgan et al. [23]
Drapela et al. [24]
Dubas et al. [25]
Duncan et al. [26]
Durante et al. [27]
Edelstein et al. [28]
Edelstein et al. [29]
Edwards et al. [30]
Ehrhardt et al. [31]
Finkelstein et al. [32]
Fujisawa et al. [33]
Ge et al. [34]
Ge et al. [35]
Ge et al. [36]
Gearing et al. [37]
Goddings et al. [38]
Hayward et al. [39]
Year
1989
2012
2007
1993
2010
2001
2002
1985
2010
2001
2012
2006
2001
2012
2000
2011
1980
2013
2005
2011
2011
2001
2003
2006
1991
1985
2009
2012
2010
2011
1981
1997
2012
2002
2001
2001
2009
2012
2002
Reason for Exclusion
No oestradiol measurement
Subjects outside of age range; no methodology for hormone measurement provided
Oestradiol was combined with other markers of pubertal development meaning no analysis of oestradiol’s effects in isolation were given
Outside age range
Subjects were a small number of elite runners and thus not a representative community sample
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
Outside age range
Outside age range
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
Outside age range; assessed cognitive, not behavioural outcomes
Outside age range
Review article
Male only
Females on oral contraceptive pill included (continuous contraception e.g. Mirena excluded)
No oestradiol measurement
Outside age range; looking at menstrual cycle changes
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
Oestradiol was a dependent variable
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
Assertive mating is not a relevant behaviour
Oestradiol was a dependent variable
One third of females on oral contraceptive pill; behaviour is sexual
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
Exogenous oestradiol used
Outcome of interest, loneliness, was not considered a behaviour or mood
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
Neuroimaging study without validated behavioural or affective measure
No oestradiol measurement
Inoff-Germain et al. [40]
Joinson et al. [41]
Klump et al. [42]
Klump et al. [43]
Lazaro et al. [44]
Llewellyn et al. [45]
Mendle et al. [46]
Pahlen et al. [47]
Paikoff et al. [48]
Pajer et al. [49]
Reynolds et al. [50]
Reynolds et al. [51]
Riecher-Rössler et al. [52]
Schelleman-Offermans et al. [53]
Schiefelbein et al. [54]
Schiller et al. [55]
Schwartz et al. [56]
Smiarowska et al. [57]
Soldin et al. [58]
Susman et al. [59]
Swarr et al. [60]
Vermeersch et al. [61]
1988
2012
2006
2008
1996
2012
2012
2005
1991
2006
2011
2012
1994
2011
2005
2012
2012
2002
2011
1996
1996
2008
Subjective assessment of behaviour
No oestradiol measurement
Outside age range
Outside age range
Eating disorder cohort with no controls (oestradiol is affected by malnutrition)
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
Review
Oestradiol and behaviour not contemporaneous
Some subjects on oral contraceptive pill
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
Outside age range
No oestradiol measurement
No oestradiol measurement
Outside age range
Outside age range
No control group
Outside age range
Oestradiol was a dependent variable
No oestradiol measurement
Male only
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