Chapter 16.1 Revolution & Change in England
Bell work: How is religion tied to politics?
Chapter 16 Pretest
Cornell Notes
SWBAT
Daily Quiz
Class notes
Definitions
Objective Review
16.1 Vocab
Define:
•
•
•
•
revolution gentry
burgesses
covenant
English Channel
English
Constitutional
Monarchy
Background
(1215-1603)
Model Parliament, 1295
Magna Carta,1215
 King Edward I brought his military

King John I forced to accept it.

A list of demands made by the nobility.

Created a CONTRACT between the king
and the aristocracy.

Established principles which limited the
power of the king:
 Established basic legal rights.
 The king must ask for popular
consent for taxes.
leaders and nobility together as a
Parliament to ask their consent to new
taxes.
 Established the principle of
parliamentary “power of the purse.”
 A radical new idea for any monarch to
ask for anything!
 Accused must have jury trial.
The Elizabethan “Bargain”
aParliament:
Would have the power to tax.
Can debate and amend disputed
bills.
aThe Monarch:
Had the royal perogative
[right/choice] on foreign
policy.
Tudors & Stuarts & the issue of Religion
Monarch
How He/She Dealt with Religious Issues
Henry VIII
Established Anglican Church after breaking with the Catholic
pope
Mary I
Wanted to restore Catholicism to England; was called “Bloody
Mary” when she had Protestant dissenters burned at the state.
Elizabeth I
Strengthened Protestantism by making those who did not
attend the Anglican Church pay fines
Mary Queen of Scots Plotted to kill Elizabeth I and rule England as a Catholic nation;
was caught and beheaded.
Philip II
Husband of Mary I who invaded England in an effort to force a
Catholic ruler on the English people.
James I
Supported the Anglican Church & had little tolerance for
Puritan’s demands for reform; authorized the king James
Version of the Bible
Charles I
Married a French Catholic princess, which alienated him from
the people; advocated formal Catholic-like practices in the
Anglican Church, prompting Puritan opposition & Scottish
rebellion.
The
Early Stuarts
(1603-1649)
James I & Charles I
The Stuart Monarchy
James I [r. 1603-1625]
a
a
He alienated the Puritans by
his strong defense of the
Anglican Church.
Many of England’s gentry
[mostly rich landowners
below the level of the
nobility] became Puritans.
 These Puritan gentry
formed an important and
large part of the House of
Commons.
 It was NOT WISE to
alienate them!
James I [r. 1603-1625]
a
Problems he faced:
 Large royal debt.
 He wasn’t English  he
didn’t understand English
customs [esp. English law!]
 Believed in Divine Right of
Kings.
 Pro-Catholic sympathies.
 Clashed with Parliament
 He raised money
without Parliament’s
consent!
Gunpowder Plot, 1605
a
a
Guy Fawkes
An attempt by some provincial
Catholics to kill King James I and
most of the Protestant
aristocracy.
Blow up the House of Lords during
the state opening of Parliament.
King James
Bible,
1611
Charles I [r. 1625-1649]
a
a
Pro-ceremonies and
rituals.
Uniformity of church
services imposed by a
church court.
 Anglican Book of
Common Prayer for
both England AND
Scotland.
a
Seen as too proCatholic by the Puritans.
Charles I & Parliament
a
Constantly at war with Spain and France.
 Always need £, but how to get it??
a
Usually Parliament would give Charles £ from taxes to
fund his wars.
a
Periodically, Parliament would deny funds.
 In return, Charles would dissolve Parliament and try to
rule England without it  find funds in other ways.
 Forced “loans,” selling aristocratic titles, etc.
The “Short” Parliament
a
“Short Parliament”
 No Parliament in 20 yrs.
 Rebellion in Scotland
over Laud issues.
 Charles need £ war
with France.
a
Calls Parliament into
session in 1640
 MPs demand more
protection of property.
 Charles dismisses them
after 3 weeks.
Charles I by Van Dyck
(1633)
The “Long” Parliament
a
In session from 1640 to 1660.
 Laud executed.
 Triennial Act passed 
Parliament must be called in
session at least once every 3 yrs.
 Parliament can’t be adjourned
without its own consent!
a
a
Charles enters the House of
Commons to end the session and
arrest 5 MPs unsuccessful
Charles heads north to form an
army!
16.1 Review Q’s
1. The defeat of the Armada in 1588
began the decline of the sea power of
(a) England.
(b) Spain.
(c) the Netherlands.
(d) France.
16.1
Highly moral people who became
increasingly unhappy over the practices
of the Anglican Church and the
quality of the clergy were called
(a) Whigs.
(b) Tories.
(c) Puritans.
(d) Presbyterians.
16.1
The Presbyterian Church was
established by the
(a) English.
(b) Irish.
(c) Scots.
(d) Dutch.
16.1
The Puritans became increasingly
unhappy about the
(a) practices of the Anglican Church.
(b) lack of formalities and rituals in
the church.
(c) increase in taxes proposed by
Charles I.
(d) growth of Protestantism in
England.