Nutrition:
Carbohydrates
Chapter 5
Lesson 2
Pg. 114-118
Nutrients
Objective 1: Describe the functions of
the simple and complex carbohydrates
 Objective 2: Describe the relationship
between glucose and glycogen
 Objective 3: Identify some of the
benefits of fiber

What is a Carbohydrate?

Carbohydrates (Carbs)- The starches
and sugars present in foods.
Made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen
 Carbs provide, 4 calories per 1 gram

Carbohydrates



Your body uses the
energy from the carbs
everyday, for every task.
55-60% of your daily
calories should come
from complex carbs.
Depending on their
chemical make-up there
are 2 types;


Simple
Complex
Simple Carbohydrates

What are simple carbohydrates?
Also know as EMPTY CALORIES
 Sugars; fructose and lactose
 Found primarily in fruit and milk


Most familiar; Sucrose
Found naturally; plants
 Refined to make table sugar
 Sucrose is also added to manufactured foods
 http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/sugarbad-health-weight-alcohol-15496307

Simple Carbohydrates
Videos

Splenda
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhUyw2lcio
 http://video.foxnews.com/v/3914230/sour
-news
 http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id
=2720795n


Sugar tasting lab
Complex Carbohydrates


What are complex carbohydrates?
 Starches
 Found primarily in; whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes
and tubers (root veggies)
Did you know?
 Your body must break down complex carbs to simple
carbs before it can use them for energy
Complex Carbohydrates
The Role Of Carbohydrates

Your body converts all carbs to Glucose
 A simple sugar that’s the main source of
energy for our bodies
 The glucose that is not used is stored in the
liver and muscles as a starch-like substance
called; glycogen.
 When your body needs more energy the
glycogen is converted back to glucose.
 Excess carbs taken in and not used are
converted to body fat
Diabetes
The pancreas makes the right amount
of insulin to move glucose out from the
blood to the cells.
 Type 1: The Pancreas does not make
insulin because the body’s immune
system has destroyed them
 Type 2: Over time, the body loses the
ability to create enough insulin in
response to meals.

Fiber, What is it? What does it
do?

Is an indigestible complex carbohydrate that is found
in tough, stringy parts of vegetables, fruits and whole
grains.
 Fiber helps move waste through the digestive
system and helps prevent against constipation.
 Why fiber reduces the risk of early death is
unclear. Perhaps it's because fiber lowers levels
of "bad" LDL cholesterol, improves blood
glucose levels, reduces inflammation, and binds
to potential cancer-causing agents, helping to
flush them out of the body, says lead author
Yikyung Park, a staff scientist at the National
Cancer Institute. (article from us news.com)
Fiber


Did you know?
 That if you eat enough
fiber throughout your
life, it can help prevent
against heart disease!
 It can also help control
diabetes by reducing
your blood glucose
levels
Eat between 20-35
grams of fiber a day!

Sources



Fruit
Vegetables w/edible
skins
Whole grains

Bran, cereal,
oatmeal, brown rice
How to get the Proper
amount of Fiber…
Start your day with a whole grain breakfast
cereal; Oatmeal!
 Choose whole fruit instead of fruit juice
 Eat 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a day!
 Select high-fiber snacks


Popcorn (no butter), raw veggies, nuts, apples,
pears, peaches, plums (edible skin)