American Foreign Policy
and East Asia
Spring, 2014
(North)East Asia?
Relationship
Relationship
After World War ‖
NATO
Bilateral Approach
(hub-and-spoke)
The U.S.
&
Japan (1951),
South Korea(1953),
Nationalist China (1954)
Why the bilateral approach?
• Relative Size of the Regional Actors
• Geographic Characteristics
• State-level Factors: Japan’s
Characteristics
• Diversity
• Institutional Path-dependence
Relationship
China-Taiwan-US
China-Taiwan-US
• Current Relationship between China
and Taiwan? Couldn’t be better!
- In February, the first official direct talk since 1949.
- A possible summit in November?
Since Ma, Ying-Jeou became the
president in
2008Trade Agreement (June, 2013)
- Cross-Strait
Service
- Allowing Chinese tourists to visit Taiwan
- Direct flight between China and Taiwan
China-Taiwan-US
• Trade: (in hundred million dollars)*
Year
Total
Export to
Taiwan
Import from
Taiwan
2007
1245
235
1010
2008
1292
259
1033
2009
1062
205
857
2010
1454
297
1157
2011
1600
351
1249
2012
1690
368
1322
2013
1972
406
1566
*China’s Taiwan Affairs Office
China-Taiwan-US
• People visiting each other’s territory
(in ten thousand)*
Year
Taiwanese to
Mainland
Chinese to
Taiwan
Total
2007
463
23
486
2008
437
28
465
2009
448
94
542
2010
514
166
680
2011
526
184
710
2012
534
263
797
2013
516
292
808
*China’s Taiwan Affairs Office
China-Taiwan-US
• 1950:
During Korean War, Deployment of The Seventh Fleet
• 1954-55/1958:
The First and Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
• 1979: U.S. Recognition of The PRC
& The Taiwan Relations Act
• 1995-1996: The Third Taiwan Strait Crisis
• 2005: China passed the Anti-Secession Law
1995/1996
the Third Taiwan Strait Crisis
The Trigger
--U.S. approval of a visa for Lee Teng-hui to visit the United States (May,
22, 1995)
What happened:
Series of Missile Tests by China and Taiwan
China: July, 1995 / August, 1995 /March, 1996
Taiwan: September, 1995
The U.S. :Deployment of two carrier battle groups
March, 1996
1995/1996
the Third Taiwan Strait Crisis
Taiwan
• Taiwanese
Domestic Politics
US
China
Relationship
China-Japan-US
China-Japan-US
• Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ)
• BBC Interview
From CNN
Relationship
Japan-Korea-US
Japan-Korea-US
• Alliance Management
1) Territorial disputes
/West Sea
Dokdo / Takeshima
Japan-Korea-US
• Alliance Management
1) Territorial disputes
2) History : Yasukuni shrine, Comfort women,
and history textbook.
Relationship
North Korea-US-Others
North Korea
-1st Nuclear Crisis (1993-1994)
North Korea Threatened to
withdraw from NPT
Carter’s mediation
Agreed Framework
North Korea
-2nd Nuclear Crisis (2002-)
October, 2002: North Korea admitted that
it had a secret nuclear weapons program
August, 2003: Six-Party Talk
October, 2006: North Korea tested its first
nuclear weapons
May, 2009: the second test
Feb, 2013: the third test
North Korea
• Divergent Interests?
High priority
Issue
U.S.
PRC
Japan
ROK
Nuclear
Proliferation
Refugees
Ballistic
Missiles
Source: Inside Multilateralism: The Six-Party Talks by John S. Park
North Korea
• Change of Leadership in North Korea
• Change in Chinese perception of North Korea?
• Recent events:
- Unofficial meeting between North Korea and Japan
regarding the investigation on kidnapped Japanese
-North Korea threatened to conduct another nuclear
test
-Efforts to resume six-party talks
Conclusion
• Pivot to Asia?
• Complicated relationship between states in East
Asia
• Pay attention to news this week!
23-25: Japan
25-26: Korea
(Malaysia / Philippines)