Jason Matteo Technical Director Goals… • Understand the basics of investing and of investment methods and strategies • Learn from each other building your knowledge and your network • Get Bloomberg certified • Have fun Weekly Lessons Each week will have a brief topic related to investing 9/5- Basic Overview 9/12- Bloomberg Professional Certification 9/19- Example Online Broker Overview 9/26- Technical vs. Fundamental Analysis 10/3- The Power of Compounding, Dividends, DRIPs 10/10- Mutual Funds & ETFs 10/17- Bonds 10/24- Options 11/7- Futures 11/14 -Forex Disclaimer All information is intended for educational/informational purposes only and is not a recommendation or endorsement of any particular investment or investment strategy I am not an expert and I will not pretend to be. My goal is for everyone to benefit from each other by shared knowledge 9/5 Investment Basics Questions to be answered: How should one invest? And why? Invest in what? How does one invest? What are the mechanics? Basics Saving provides funds for emergencies and for making specific purchases in the near future Investing Focuses on increasing net worth and achieving longterm financial goals Investing Buying an investment Putting money into an asset that generates a return Speculation Not the same as an investment Purchasing assets, equity or debt because of an assumed value Ex: Gold coins, baseball cards, gems What to Invest In – The Basics Asset Classes Stocks Bonds Cash There are others but these are the fundamental asset classes. Start with these before getting fancy. Asset Classes • Stocks – Ownership in a corporation • Bonds – Corporate and government debt – Must be repaid • Cash – – – – Checking, savings accounts Money market accounts CDs US Treasury Bills Types of Stock Common stock Preferred stock Convertible Investing in Stocks Common Stock Purchasing a part of the company Possible dividends and capital appreciation Many are limited liability Companies may repurchase their own stock Types of Common Stock Blue-Chip Stocks Growth Stocks Income Stocks Speculative Stocks Cyclical Stocks Defensive Stocks BASIC STOCK TERMS Basic Terms Earnings per Share: The amount of profit to which each share is entitled Going Public: Slang for when a company is planning an IPO. IPO: Short for Initial Public Offering. An IPO is when a company sells stock in itself for the first time. Basic Terms Market Cap: The amount of money you would have to pay if you bought every share of stock in a company. Multiply outstanding shares by stock price Share: A share represents an investor's ownership in a "share" of the profits, losses, and assets of a company. Basic Terms Ticker Symbol: A short group of letters that represents a particular stock (e.g., ”Google" is referred to as ”GOOG".) Underwriter: The financial institution or investment bank that is doing all of the paperwork and orchestrating a company's IPO. Basic Terms Bull Market A market in which prices are rising Bear Market A market in which prices are falling Recession A period of temporary economic decline AKA the past 5 years… Mutual Funds vs. Individual Stock and Bond Trading Mutual Funds Professional management of investing Minimal transaction costs May offer higher returns Many to choose from Individual Stock and Bond Trading Requires time and expertise Higher transaction costs Less likely to have proper diversification Types of Bonds Corporate Debenture Federal Government Treasury Bonds (T-Bonds, Treasuries) Municipal bonds General obligation Revenue Bonds Investing Produce steady income If held until maturity, bonds are a safe investment with low risk Par Value Face value or return at maturity Coupon interest rate Percentage of par value paid out annually Types of Bonds Corporate Bonds Allow firms to borrow Tax-exempt Serial maturities Not entirely risk free money Treasury and Agency Bonds Agency bonds are virtually risk-free with higher interest rates than Treasuries Municipal Bonds Junk Bonds Low-rated or high- yield Greater risk of default Callable (issuer can call them back and reissue at an altered interest rate) Risk In finance, typically defined as standard deviation of returns. What are the risks for: Stocks Bonds Cash Asset Allocation What percent of your money should be in each asset class? For example: ○ 70% stock, 25% bonds, 5% cash, or ○ 30% stock, 65% bonds, 5% cash The answer depends upon: Your investment objective Your tolerance for risk Common rule-of-thumb % stock = 100 - your age Risk – By Asset Class Worst Annual Return Since 1925 Average Annual Return Since 1925 -43.4% 9.6% Stocks (-67.6% worst 12 mo.) (162.9% best 12 mo.) Bonds Cash -7.8% 5.5% .1% 3.7% Sources: personal.fidelity.com, Morgan Stanley, www.efficientfrontier.com, Federal Reserve – St. Louis “Typical” Portfolio Allocations Stocks Bonds Cash Conservative 20% 55% 25% Moderately Conservative 40% 50% 10% Moderate 60% 35% 5% Moderately Aggressive 70% 25% 5% Aggressive 80% 15% 5% Summary Asset allocation is the single biggest determinate of portfolio results Major asset classes Stocks Bonds Cash How you allocate your investments depends upon the returns you need and risk you can take Rule-of-thumb: %stock = 100 - age Where and how do I start? (Starting an account, resources for learning) Keep learning! Make sure you understand the basics Investopedia (www.investopedia.com) Motley Fool (www.fool.com) Investor Guide (www.investorguide.com) These sites also have introductions to certain investing strategies Books (learn from the greatest investors) How to Make Money in Stocks (William O’Neil) Beating the Street (Peter Lynch) Lessons from the Great Stock Traders of All Time (John Boik) The Warren Buffet Way (Robert Hagstrom) The Intelligent Investor (Benjamin Graham) Brokerages Need a medium to trade through (brokerages) Choosing a broker full service vs. discount ○ Fees (Commission) ○ Services ○ Minimum balance http://www.stockbrokers.com/compare Brokerages Videos http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/wh at-are-stocks/ http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/wh at-moves-stock-prices/ http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/wh at-is-the-dow-jones-industrial-average/ Next Meeting 9/12 Bloomberg Professional Certification Bloomberg Professional Service and the Bloomberg Terminal Bloomberg Named for Bloomberg L.P. founder Michael Bloomberg. Current mayor of NYC for a little while longer…until Anthony Weiner aka Carlos Danger “the peter tweeter” wins the upcoming election. Bloomberg Terminal • • • • Computer system that allows users to monitor and analyze real-time financial market data movements The system also provides news, price quotes and an immense database Most financial firms use it http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALNjo N-taog Bloomberg Terminal (cont.) Bloomberg (cont.) • It costs $1500 a month • We have two here at UF, one in Hough Hall and one on 3rd floor Library West • FREE for students! • The certification is free also! Getting Started http://businesslibrary.uflib.ufl.edu/bloom berg Go to Club West. The terminal is located on the 3rd Floor behind the services desk next to the microfilm area Ask a receptionist about it and they will type in a magic password so you can use it Certification Certification Takes about 8 hours, I was able to knock it out all in one sitting, but you can work on it a little at a time Bring headphones so you can watch the videos with sound and not piss off everyone in the library There is a sign in sheet where you can reserve time slots if someone else is currently using the machine Why Get Certified Its cool and you learn a lot. Using double monitors automatically makes you feel more important You can put something else on your resume other than your name Many companies use it so the fact you even know what it is AND have used it before will make recruiters SMILE “Yay he knows how to use Bloomberg!” Next Meeting 9/19 Example online broker overview Random Ass Videos E-Trade Baby E-Trade Baby 2 $#!* People Say About Investing Stock Market Rap Technical vs. Fundamental Analysis Their Main Differences At the most basic level, a technical analyst approaches a security from the charts, while a fundamental analyst starts with the financial statements. http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/fu ndamental-versus-technical-analysis/ Fundamental Analysis Looks at financial data: revenues, profits and losses, business trends Seek growth factors. Examine macroeconomic factors such as a company's business sector and the overall economy in relation to a company's lines of business Technical Analysis Looks only at price and volume action All information about a stock is reflected in the share price Analyzing the price movements will predict where a stock price will go from here Indicators: MACD, crossovers, divergence, RSI etc. Pros and Cons Proponents of fundamental analysis think technical analysis is voodoo mumbo jumbo and doesn’t work. If fundamental analysis works so well then why isn’t everyone rich? Conclusion A wise investor will understand and take into consideration both methods of analysis. Next Meeting 10/3 The Power of Compounding, Dividends, DRIPs The Power of Compounding, Dividends, DRIPs “Compounding interest is the most powerful force in the universe” -Albert Einstein http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/wh at-is-compound-interest/ The Rule of 72 A rule stating that in order to find the number of years required to double your money at a given interest rate, you divide the compound return into 72. The result is the approximate number of years that it will take for your investment to double. http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/rul e-of-72/ Dividend A cash payment (usually quarterly) to shareholders out of its profits. Comic Relief If you had bought $1000.00 worth of Nortel stock one year ago, it would now be worth $49.00. With Enron, you would have $16.50 of the original $1,000.00. With WorldCom, you would have less than $5.00 left. If you had bought $1,000.00 worth of Budweiser (the beer, not the stock) one year ago, drank all the beer, then turned in the cans for the 10 cent deposit, you would have $214.00. Based on the above, my current investment advice is to drink heavily and recycle. DRIPs Dividend Reinvestment Plan Broker automatically uses dividend to purchase more shares of the company Most online brokers offer them for free. Best part is you do not have to pay transaction commission (still have to pay taxes though ) Drawbacks Frequent purchases of fractional shares becomes somewhat complicated for tax purposes and documentation However most online brokers do a good job at automatically generating statements and tax forms Next Meeting 10/10 Mutual Funds & ETFs