LAW OF BEHAVIOR
CLASSICAL & OPERANT
CONDITIONING
Abbie, Jessica, Nick, Katie
OPERANT CONDITIONING
Reward and punishment
The rewarded behavior will be more likely to happen again
Skinner stumbled across what we know today as the skinner box. This box
allowed him to collect a record of what the animal picked(reward or
punishment).
The animal either pressed a lever (food) or a key(shock).
He wanted to know why these animals behaved the way that they do.
Skinner controlled his experiments by using “Skinner boxes.”
PEOPLE OF OPERANT
CONDITIONING
BF SKINNER (negative, rats)
Studied operant condition
B.F Skinner studied English Literature and Romance Languages before he got
into psychology.
His hypothesis was "control the environment and you will see order in behavior"
SKINNERS BOX
HISTORY OF OPERANT
CONDITIONING
The scientific study of operant conditioning dates from the beginning of the
20th century with the work of Edward L. Thorndike in the U.S. and C. Lloyd
Morgan in the U.K.
Graduate student Thorndike’s early experimental work was looking at cats
escaping from puzzle boxes.
Soon after, the study of operant conditioning, was taken up by what became
the dominant movement in American psychology in the first half of the 20th
century.
Beginning in the 1930’s, Skinner started his experimentation on the behavior of
animals.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO SOCIETY
Skinners discoveries allowed us to understand why we act the way we do.
Skinner allowed us to see that we wont do something if it gives us a negative
outcome
While if something gives us a positive outcome we will keep doing it.
If we make someone laugh we will keep doing that thing
While if we make someone cry we stop.
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
If somethings is associated with a positive reinforcement than that something
itself could be used as a positive reinforcement.
Watson tested this theory on a 11 month old infant named Albert
Before the experiment Albert loved the rats and always wanted to play with
them
He caused the child to be scared of soft white rats, by showing the baby the
rats along with a sharp loud sound that scared the baby.
After the experiments Albert was afraid of them.
PEOPLE OF CLASSICAL
CONDITIONING
IVAN PAVLOV (positive, dogs)
Won a noble Noble Prize
Researched the physiology of digestion which then led to the development of
his first experimental model of classical conditioning
Studied all kind of animals not just dogs
UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS(FOOD)=
UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE(SALIVATE)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nE8pFWP5Q
DM
HISTORY OF CLASSICAL
CONDITIONING
Started in Russia.
Studied 1849-1939
Pavlov was originally studying digestion in dogs, but ended up studying why his
dogs reacted the way they did.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO SOCIETY
This study allowed us to understand why when something bad happens we
associated that even with something that to any other person is completely
unrelated.
WORKS CITED
• Alexander, Shawn. "Did Skinner Answer Why We Have a Thing Called Religion? |
Erwin Fisser." Erwin Fisser. N.p., 9 July 2008. Web. 15 Sept. 2013.
• Berk, Laura E. "Chapter Five: Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood."
Infants, Children, and Adolescents. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1996. N. pag. Print.
• "B.F. Skinner." B.F. Skinner. Boundless, n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2013.
• McLeod, Saul. "Pavlov's Dogs." - Simply Psychology. N.p., 2007. Web. 12 Sept. 2013.
• "Mental - Blog." : Pavlov, El Sr. De Los Perros.... N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2013.
• Quigley, Chris. "Quigley's Cabinet." : Pavlov's Dog. N.p., 30 Aug. 2009. Web. 15 Sept.
2013.
• Staddon, John E., Dr, and Yael Niv, Dr. "Operant Conditioning." - Scholarpedia.
Scholarpedia, 21 Oct. 2011. Web. 12 Sept. 2013.