3.3.4 Human Digestive System 2
Follow-Me – iQuiz
Q. Name a structure in the human digestive system, other than
teeth, which is involved in mechanical digestion.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Describe two functions of bile in relation to digestion.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Where is lipase secreted?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. What are symbiotic bacteria?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
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Q. Name the part of the digestive system in which the products
of digestion absorbed into the blood.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
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Q. Explain how the ileum (small intestine) is adapted for the
absorption of the products of digestion.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. What is meant by the term digestion?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Where in the human body is the liver located in relation to
the stomach?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Name a process involved in the passage of the products of
digestion into the blood.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
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Q. A person who has suffered from constipation may be advised
to increase the amount of wholegrain cereal in her/his diet.
Why?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Why is digestion necessary?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. From what organ does the bile duct leave?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. From which part of the alimentary canal does food arrive into
the duodenum?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Name the part of the digestive system in which water is
absorbed into the blood.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Where does lipase act?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Give two activities of symbiotic bacteria in the human
digestive system.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. State one digestive function of the pancreas.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. What process results from the contraction of the muscles in
the small intestine?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
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Q. Indicate which of the following most accurately represents the
pH of the contents of the small intestine. Acidic. Neutral.
Alkaline.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Name two glands that pass their secretions into the small
intestine.
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. What is the approximate pH of the site of action of lipase?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Proteins are digested to simpler substances. What are these
simpler substances called?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. In which organ is food churned into chyme?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
CONGRATULATIONS
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Q. Which teeth grind food into smaller pieces?
5–7
Colon
Molars
7–9
Diffusion; Passive
transport
Pancreas; Duodenum
Above and to the right
Digestion; Production of
vitamins; Benefit immune
system
Pancreas; Liver
Adds fibre, fibre absorbs
water, peristalsis encouraged,
faster digestive transit
Duodenum; Small
intestine
Peristalsis
Alkaline
Emulsification; Raises
pH; Makes alkaline
Produces enzymes;
Neutralises chyme
Amino acids
Gall bladder
Solubility; Absorption;
Transport
Bacteria that live in or on
another organism involving
benefit
Ileum; Villi
Stomach
Breakdown of food
Large surface area; Good blood
and lymph supply; Lining one
cell thick; Long; Villi
Tongue; Oesophagus;
Stomach; Small intestine
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