On-line Sorting Technology
for CCA-Treated Wood
Funding Received from
Sarasota County
through the
Florida Department of Environmental Protection
Innovative Recycling Grants Program
Objective

Construct and Operate an On-Line System for
Sorting Treated From Untreated Wood
Background

Research conducted found CCA-treated
wood in C&D waste piles
 6%
in 1996 (12 C&D facilities)
 9 to 30% in 1999 (3 C&D facilities)
Background
U.S. Statistics for Southern Pine Production
1.6
Untreated
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
(From SFPA)
1998
1996
1994
1992
1990
1988
1986
1984
1982
0
1980
billion cubic feet
Treated
Conceptual Design
Control
Detector
Room Conveyor
10’
Wood
Pile
Closed
In
5’
7’
7’
40’
18’
Control Room
Untreated
Pile
Window
3’
4’
30’
2’
Wood Input
Treated
Pile
d
te
Input Wood
Storage
Pile
Untreated
Wood
a
Tre
14’
Detector
Conveyor
o
Wo
d
30’
3’
4’
16’
Conceptual Design (con’d)
Inlet Conveyor
To Untreated Pile
Pile
Initially Separation Here Will
Be Done Manually
te d
A buzzer will sound or a
light will shine when
CCA is detected
Exit Conveyor
a
Tre
To
Detector
Wood Sample
Tasks
Task 1: Obtain Permit and Construct Shelter
 Task 2: Design and Construct Conveyor
 Task 3: Lab Test and Develop Detector
(Laser, LIBS vs X-ray, XRF)
 Task 4: Install and Field Test Conveyor and
Detector
 Task 5: Operate Sorting System and Document
Performance

Overall Timeline
Description
2000
M A M J
J
F M A M J
J
A S
      X
X
Task 4: Install and Field Test Conveyor
and Detector
Task 5: Operate Sorting System and
Document Performance
Submit Environ. Certification and Scope X
of Services
Progress Reports
Final Report
A S O N D
       X
Task 1: Obtain Permit and Construct
Shelter
Task 2: Design and Construct Conveyor
Task 3: Lab Test & Develop Detector
J
2001
     X
     X
    X
X
X
X
X
  X
Task 1:
Obtain Permit and Construct
Shelter
Outline
Specifications and location of shelter
 Construction process

 Shelter
construction contractors
 Project management

Project schedule
Shelter Description
Metal fabricated building
 30 by 40 feet, 15 foot eave height
 Portal frame with open sides, 1:12 sloped roof
 Engineered concrete slab

Approximate Size and Roof Line
Portal Frame
Open Sides
and Height
Site Layout
Machine Shop
Proposed Parking
Wood Out
Bin
Shelter
C&D
Materials
Processing
Area
Wood In
Office
Trailer
Parking
Entrance
C&D Material Storage
Bins
Shelter Location
Construction Process
Metal fabricator - shelter design
 County engineer - concrete design

 Slab
 Anchor

bolts
Electric - separate subcontractor
Anchor Bolt Detail
Available Electric
Shelter Contractor Quotes
Uni-Built, Tampa, FL
 Dura-Steel, Vernon, FL
 Trident, Sarasota, FL
 Ranged $9,000 - $17,000

Project Management
Review plans and permit documents
 Coordinate inspection schedule of
foundations, structural steel and electrical
system
 Review work in-place prior to scheduled
inspection by Building Department
 Prepare written summary of field inspections

July
August
28
4
1 Wk
September
21
1
October
15
1
12
27
PO/Contract Finalized
2 Wk
2 Wk
Building Contractor
Develops Design
Drawing
5 Wks
Review and
Concrete/Electrical
Design
Permit Review
6 Wks
3 Wks
Fabrication and
Delivery
Concrete Slab
Schedule and Timeline
Erect Building
Install Electric
Task 2:
Design and Construct Conveyor
Conveyor (Task 2)

Preliminary Quotes
 American
Conveyor, Miami, FL **
 Powerscreen, Lakeland, FL
Conveyor (Task 2)
Conveyor, 5’ wide
Laser
12’
5’
3’
10’
15’
XRF Detec tor
Table Roller Conveyor
Belt Conveyor
30 O
Inc lined
Belt Conveyor
Most Recent Design
Roll-off
Conveyor (Task 2)
40’
10’
Incoming
Wood
10’
5’
Inc line Conveyor
30’
Control Room
5’
Roll-off
15’
CCA-Treated
Wood
Other Wood
Types
Task 3:
Lab Test and Develop Detector
LIBS vs XRF
Funds will be used for LIBS
 Research with XRF will continue if
equipment “borrowing” arrangement can
be made

Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
Laser-induced
plasma
Line position provides
species identification
Line intensity provides
species concentration
Be
Atomic
emission
collection
Fiber
optic
Spectrometer
Detector
Cd
Intensity
Pulsed
laser
205
Cd
Cd
210
215
220
225
230
235
Wavelength (nm)
240
245
LIBS Spectrum of CCA-treated Wood
14000
Weathered
Calcium
(422.67)
Emission Intensity
12000
10000
8000
Chromium
425.54
427.48
428.97
6000
4000
2000
0
410
415
420
425
Wavelength (nm)
430
435
440
LIBS-based Sorting
60
LIBS Chromium Signal
50
40
CCA-treated Wood
30
20
Untreated Wood
10
0
0
1
2
3
4
Wood Sample
5
6
7
Sample Configuration of LIBS Probe
Nd:YAG
Laser
To Laptop
Computer
Spectrometer/
Detector
Collection Optics Assembly
Plasma
Wood
Sample
Field-deployable Laser: Big Sky Laser
Compact Spectrometer: Ocean Optics
On-line Sorting Technologies
Custom LIBS
Cost
$36K
Commercial XRF
(Asoma)
$20 to $30K
Detection
As, Cr, Cu
As, Cr, Cu
As, Cr, Cu
Analysis time
3 ms @ 10 Hz
50 to 100 s
100 to 500 ms
Spatial resolution
(1 ft/sec)
Standoff distance
(Detector-to-wood)
Other issues
Point
Start/stop mode
Continuous
Maintenance
1.25" samples
Custom XRF
$100K
2.5" to 12" samples
Variable
Fixed
~Fixed
10-12" window
Near contact
Close proximity
Laser beam
X-ray source
X-ray source
$400 flashlamp
~35 weeks
--
X-ray tube
XRF

ASOMA ----> Now Spectro
 Contact
Harold Soisson
 Model 400
XRF

Co XRF ----> Distributors of EDAX
 Contact
Steve Cox
 Model, CT-2000
Note: As detection limit 5 mg/kg
Questions?
More information at:
http://www.eng.miami.edu/~hmsolo/
sarasota/index_sara.htm
Link from: www.ccaresearch.org