AP European History Chapter 14 Vocabulary: The Building of European Supremacy: Society
and Politics to World War l
Terms to Know
Second Industrial Revolution
Urbanization
Business Cycles
Financiers
Cartel
Monopoly
Corporation
Partnership
Sole Proprietorship
Industrial Capitalism
Commercial Capitalism
Capitalism
fin de siècle (end of century)
“Belle Époque”
Realism
Paris Commune
Third French Republic
Chamber of Deputies
Leon Gambetta
Jules Ferry
Boulanger Crisis(1887-89):
Panama scandal (1892
Dreyfus Affair
Emile Zola
Jean Juarès
Kulturkampf
Bessemer process
Gottlieb Daimler
Henry Ford
Solway process
Second Industrial Revolution
fin de siècle
Catholic Center Party
Social Democratic Party (S.P.D.)
Adolphe Thiers
Reform Bill of 1867, “leap in the dark”
Reform Act of 1884
Fabian Society
Kier Hardie
Independent Labor Party
Parliament Act of 1911
Basilica of the Sacred Heart, or Sacré Coeu
The First Vatican Council in 1870 Papal
infallibility –
“May Laws” of 1873
Education Act of 1902
Pius X 1903-1914
Pope Leo XIII –1878-1903
Ferry Laws
William Gladstone
Benjamin Disraeli
Lord Palmerston (Henry John Temple) (1784-1865):
Tory Party— Conservative Party
Whig Party— Liberal Party
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AP European History Chapter 14 Vocabulary: The Building of European Supremacy: Society
and Politics to World War l
Chapter 14—Guided Reading
European Civilization, 1871–1914: Economy and Politics
1. Identify the areas that were consideded the “Europe of steam,”by 1914.
2. Identify the continent grew the most in the centuries following 1650 and explain the causes
and effects of the growth.
3. Why did the birth rate in France decline in early nineteenth century?
4. Identify the cities that had a million people by 1914.
5. Identify the area/s or country/ies that received the largest number of European immigrants
6. Describe the characteristics of the “New Industrial Revolution” after 1870.
7. By 1914, who were the world’s largest steel producers?
8. What encouraged multilateral trade relationships?
9. Identify the hub of the global economic and financial system and explain why it became the
hub.
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AP European History Chapter 14 Vocabulary: The Building of European Supremacy: Society
and Politics to World War l
10. Why was the limited liability corporation an attractive development in the nineteenth
century?
11. In the nineteenth century, why did business people use vertical and horizontal integration?
12. After the Franco-Prussian, what did elections refelect about the French people?
13. Describe the Paris Commune of 1871.
14. Which country had a republican (non-monarchical) form of government in 1900?
15. Identify the Dreyfus Affair and explain its significance.
16. Describe the the true nature of the Radical Socialists of France.
17. When was universal male suffrage granted in Great Britain?
18. What did the Irish demanded that British authorities do after 1870?
19. Describe Prime Minister Gladstone’s solution for the Irish question, regarding Home Rule.
20. Why did Bismarck initiate an extensive program of social legislation?
21. Describe Kaiser William II “new course” after 1890
22. Describe how Italian political life was characterized after 1870.
23. Identify the most serious problem that remaind in Austria-Hungary.
24. Describe the progress of representative and democratic institutions that changed the
framework of European politics.
Essay Questions
25. How did Europe’s population change in the nineteenth century? How large was Europe’s
population in relation to that of the rest of the world during this period? What shift occurred
in France’s population relative to the populations of other great European states?
26. Describe the great European migration of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Why
did emigrants leave Europe? Where did they go?
27. How was a world market created in the nineteenth century? Discuss innovations in finance,
industry, and trade.
28. Describe the developments in the European economy at the end of the nineteenth century,
examining in particular the “new Industrial Revolution” and the so-called “Great
Depression” of 1873 through the 1890s. During this time, what were the positions of Britain
and Germany in the European and global economy?
29. Focusing on the years 1870 to 1914, what gave the French Third Republic the strength to
survive despite a number of severe crises?
30. How and why did labor emerge as an independent political force in Britain?
31. Discuss Bismarck’s administration of the German Empire from 1871 to 1890. What were his
goals?
Short Answer Questions
32. What was the European family pattern? What was the impact of that pattern on the lives of
women?
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AP European History Chapter 14 Vocabulary: The Building of European Supremacy: Society
and Politics to World War l
33. In the nineteenth century, where was capital accumulated? To which parts of the globe was it
exported?
34. Why was limited liability corporation considered an important economic advance during the
nineteenth century?
35. What was the Dreyfus Affair? How did it split France?
36. How did Gladstone approach the Irish question?
37. How did democracy advance in Europe during the nineteenth century?
Map Exercises
Consider the map (p.000), Migration from Europe, 1850–1940, on page 581.
38. Where did Europeans build up “European” societies elsewhere in the world?
Consider the map, Export of European Capital to 1914, on page 590.
41. Where did the British, French, and Germans invest their capital overseas?
42. What did Europeans gain from investing abroad?
Essay Questions
Note: This sub-unit is a high probability area for the AP exam. In the past
10 years, 7 questions have come wholly or in large part from the material in
this chapter. Below are some practice questions that will help you study the
topics that have appeared on previous exams or may appear on future
exams.
1. Compare and contrast the “first” and “second” industrial revolutions.
2. Analyze ways in which urbanization impacted European society in the 19th
century.
3. How did the industrial revolution and urbanization impact Europe’s social
structure.
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