The Economic Importance of
Arts and Cultural Attractions in
the Louisville Area
Paul Coomes, Ph.D.
Professor of Economics, and
National City Research Fellow
and
Barry Kornstein
Senior Research Associate
University of Louisville
DRAFT: October 15, 2007
About this study
This file contains the findings from our 2007 study of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville. This updates our
2001 study, which is available online at: http://monitor.louisville.edu/arts/Arts_Report.pdf
The study has two major components – a rollup of activity by individual groups in the Louisville area, and a
comparison of activity in Louisville to that in a set of peer metropolitan areas.
See the next slide for a table of contents. The topics shown are hyperlinked to the page containing the relevant
findings. You can page down between slides, or jump back to the table of contents by clicking on the home button in
the bottom right hand corner.
This study was commissioned by the Arts and Cultural Attractions Council, an industry network of Greater
Louisville Inc. Special thanks to Stephen Klein and the executive committee, as well as Lauren Hardwick at GLI. Of
course, the study would not have been feasible without the participation of all the local arts and cultural groups, who
generously provided internal data, help with interpretation, and assisted in obtaining national comparison data. We
greatly appreciate your help. And, as always, we want to acknowledge the generous and ongoing research support
from National City, which provides us the resources to deepen and enhance important economic development
projects like this.
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
I. SIZE OF ARTS AND CULTURAL
ATTRACTIONS INDUSTRY IN LOUISVILLE
Scope and definitions
Attendance
Employment
Volunteers
Wages, salaries, benefits
Revenues by type
Expenditures by type
Taxes paid
Growth since 2000
II. HOW LOUISVILLE COMPARES TO
OTHER MARKETS
Performing Arts – Symphony Orchestra
Performing Arts – Theatre
Performing Arts – Opera
Performing Arts – Ballet
Museums, Zoos, Historic Sites - Summary
Museums – Art
Museums – Science and natural history
Museums – Children’s
Museums – Sports
Zoos and Aquariums
Arboretums and Nature Centers
Historic Sites and Houses
Financial data on tax-exempt organizations
Private art galleries
APPENDICES
A. List of participating organizations
B. Letter and data template used for study
C. Comparison Markets – peer MSAs, component
counties, population
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The arts and other cultural attractions are integral to the quality of daily life for residents and visitors to the greater
Louisville area. We enjoy music, theatre, dance, exhibits, paintings, zoos, and other cultural amenities at all stages of life.
Indeed, we enjoy these treasures so much and so often that we sometimes take them for granted. The impact of
cultural attractions is not only social and spiritual, but also economic in nature. The human and financial resources
deployed to offer the daily menu of cultural offerings in Louisville constitute an industry, one we investigate in this
report.
There is also a more subtle economic development dimension to arts and cultural activities in our market. Community
assets, like museums, opera, theatres, ballet, zoos, historic homes, and orchestras, attract talented people to move here.
Potential residents, comparing Louisville to other large urban markets in the midwest and south, size up both the array
of our cultural offerings and their perceived quality. Major corporations, in particular, have long understood the
importance of the performing arts in attracting top management talent to Louisville. Except for education, probably no
other (manmade) piece of the quality of life quilt is as important as art and cultural assets. In fact, we find that much of
attendance and associated revenues for ACA groups comes from delivering programs to school children.
Conceived by executives of major cultural organizations in the area, the study has three primary objectives. First, we
seek to carefully document the size and scope of the arts and cultural attraction industry in Louisville. Second, we seek
to document how Louisville compares to other similarly sized markets in the various cultural dimensions. Third, we
want to learn how the ‘industry’ has changed since our last study, in 2001.
To this end, we have surveyed 50 top arts and cultural organizations in the Louisville area. They have generously
provided attendance, budget, and other economic data, but also many hours of help with interpretation of the
information. We have also acquired and organized data from membership associations that track cultural activity in
markets across the country. Among the most important and interesting research findings described in this report are:
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (cont)
 Louisville area Arts and Cultural Attractions (ACA) organizations are collectively supporting an attendance of at
least 4.9 million per year, over four contacts per metro area resident. Further we estimate that about 23 percent of
attendees and visitors to ACA organizations reside outside the Louisville metropolitan area. In that regard, the ACA
groups are an important component of Louisville’s tourism industry. The largest source of export sales - those to
visitors - appears to be from the museums (especially the Louisville Slugger Museum, the Kentucky Derby Museum, the
Louisville Science Center, and the Speed Art Museum), performing arts (especially the PNC Broadway Series
productions, the Kentucky Center for the Arts, Derby Dinner Playhouse, Actors Theatre, and the Louisville Ballet), and
the Zoo.
 The ACA organizations have collective annual revenues of around $109 million. Over forty percent of the revenues
are generated from ticket sales and concessions. Government grants and private donations account for about onefourth each. Revenues from other sources, including contracts to deliver programs to school groups, have grown in
importance and now account for about eight percent of revenues. We estimate that ACA activities generate at least $5.6
million in tax receipts annually for state and local governments.
 These organizations collectively employ about 1,820 persons, and have a combined annual labor cost (including
contract labor) of $52 million. Part-time employment rose, while full-time employment fell slightly since our 2001
study. Annual earnings per job of ACA employees average about $23,200, well below the average for all jobs in the
Louisville MSA. This partly reflects the heavy reliance on part-time workers by ACA groups.
 Attendance overall was up about 14 percent since our 2001 study, with a majority of the net growth due to new
organizations. Paid attendance overall was up modestly, about 2 percent, due to paid admissions at the new attractions.
Overall revenues and expenditures were up 31 percent, with 19 percentage points due to growth at organizations
included in our 2001 study, and the rest due to new organizations. Employment overall was flat, with payroll expenses
up 44 percent.
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (cont)
 While there has been overall growth in the ACA economic activity during the current decade, the growth among
organizations and sectors varies widely. For example, an important museum saw a decline in attendance, which was
more than offset by activity at a new museum – the Frazier International History Museum. Moreover, overall museum
revenues grew dramatically, from $19 million in 2000 to $34 million in 2006.
 Attendance, both paid and unpaid, was down by about ten percent overall for the performing arts organizations.
The Kentucky Center posted strong growth in attendance, but not enough to offset declines for the Louisville
Orchestra, the Louisville Ballet, Actors Theatre, and the Kentucky Opera. Despite a drop in attendance, the groups
managed to boost revenues, expenses, and payrolls, thanks largely to a 35 percent increase in private contributions.
 Louisville’s nature attractions saw an increase in overall attendance of 27 percent, with growth in paid attendance of
10 percent this decade. This sector is dominated by Louisville Zoo, the Falls of Ohio State Park Interpetive Center, and
Bernheim Arboretum and Research. Employment was unchanged from 2000, though payroll expenses rose nearly 49
percent, due largely to strong growth at the Zoo (which saw a 16 percent growth in earned revenue).
 The number of visitors to Louisville’s historic and heritage sites was essentially unchanged from 2000, as was the
overall number of employees in this sector. However, strong growth in grant activity boosted revenues and
expenditures by 35 percent overall, led primarily by growth at the Filson Club, Riverside, The Farnsley-Moreman
Landing, and Locust Grove.
 Relative to fourteen other metropolitan areas in its size class, Louisville ranks very high in sports museum and
theatre activity. In most other categories, including art museums, science museums, orchestras, opera, ballet and zoos,
Louisville’s ranking falls about where one would expect based upon population size.
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Scope and Definitions
Broadly defined, arts and cultural attractions include any organized activity whose
purpose is to enlighten, educate, and entertain local residents and/or visitors. Taken
literally, this definition includes such diverse activities as movie theatres, night clubs,
bible study groups, and bowling allies. To keep this research project manageable, the
Arts and Cultural Attractions (ACA) Research Committee directed us to focus on the
following general categories:
Museums: visual art, science, children’s, sports,
Performing Arts: orchestra, theatre, ballet, opera
Heritage Sites: historic homes, heritage research facilities
Nature Attractions: zoos, arboretums, gardens, Ohio River
We have excluded, for example, schools and religious organizations, libraries, city and state parks, sports, rock concerts,
and seasonal events. This has the disadvantage of missing some major attractions, like Thunder Over Louisville,
Kentucky Kingdom, the Derby, University of Louisville sports, the Louisville Riverbats, and the St. James Art Fair.
However, the limited scope does allow us to focus more sharply on the activities of most interest to the sponsors. A
listing of the participating organizations is provided as Appendix A. A copy of the survey instrument is included as
Appendix B.
For similar reasons, we also had to restrict the types of information collected. Our efforts focused on obtaining good
data on attendance, performances, revenues, expenditures, employees, payrolls, and physical assets. We did not attempt
to examine marketing or management issues.
The reference time periods for the estimates vary, depending upon the reporting cycles of the organizations. We asked
all organizations for their latest accurate information. In some cases, the data refer to the 2006-07 fiscal year; others
refer to 2005-06, and a few reported calendar year 2006 data. In all cases, we have used annual totals. In a few cases,
where organizations did not respond, we made estimates of activity based on good data from other similar attractions.
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Attendance at the ACA Organizations
Total attendance is about 4.9 million
annually, of which about 2.8 million were
paid admissions.
Total = 4.9 million
Nature Attractions
35%
Museums
30%
Most attendees lived in the Louisville MSA,
but about 1 million were not residents. The
biggest attractors of nonresident visitors are
the Zoo, the Kentucky Derby Museum, the
Louisville Slugger Museum, the Louisville
Science Center, and the Frazier International
History Museum.
Paid v/s Total Attendance
Performing Arts
32%
3%
1,721,930
1,595,314
Total Attendance
1,501,830
Heritage
Sites
Paid Attendance
1,288,578
810,955
707,422
128,938
34,198
Museums
Performing Arts
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Heritage Sites
Nature Attractions
Collectively the ACA organizations employed 1,846 people, almost
equally split between full-time and part-time workers. The
performing arts groups are by far the largest employers, with 1,092
artists, production, and administrative people.
Employment by ACA Organizations
Heritage
4%
Sites
16%
Museums
15%
Nature Attractions
Performing Arts
59%
100% = 1,846 full- and
part-time employees
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Collectively the ACA organizations relied on over 11,000
volunteers, who contributed over 400,000 hours of service.
Performing arts groups were the major beneficiaries.
Number of Volunteers and Annual Volunteer Hours for ACA Groups
7,000
250,000
6,000
no. of volunteers
200,000
Annual Volunteer Hours
150,000
4,000
3,000
100,000
2,000
50,000
1,000
0
0
Museums
Performing Arts
Heritage Sites
Nature Attractions
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Volunteer Hours
no. of Volunteers
5,000
Collectively the ACA groups had an annual payroll of $41.0 in
wages and salaries, plus $8.4 million in fringe benefits. They had an
additional $3.8 million in contract labor costs.
Total Payroll and Benefits of the ACA Organizations
Nature Attractions
19%
Heritage Sites
Museums
5%
22%
Performing Arts
54%
100%= $49.4 mil
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Collectively, the ACA groups reported gross income of $109 million. Over half ($56
million) of that was received by performing arts groups, followed by museums ($34
million), nature attractions ($14 million), and historic sites ($5 million).
Nature attractions and performing arts groups received over half their income from
ticket sales and concessions, with museums earning on average 42 of their income.
Performing arts are the most dependent on private contributions.
Sources of Income of ACA Organizations
55%
Nature Attractions
17%
Hertitage Sites
8%
18%
27%
51%
Performing Arts
0%
10%
*Earned Income
20%
44%
5%
42%
Museums
6%
30%
40%
Grants from Govt.
14%
11%
37%
11%
28%
50%
60%
26%
70%
Private Contributions
80%
90%
100%
Other Revenue
* Earned Income = Revenues from Admission + revenues from concessions + other revenues from sales
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Collectively, the ACA groups reported spending $108 million. Over half ($58 million)
of that was spent by performing arts groups, followed by museums ($31 million),
nature attractions ($14 million), and historic sites ($5 million).
Labor costs accounted two-thirds of expenditures for nature attractions, and between
38 and 49 percent in other categories. Performing arts had the most expenditures on
materials and services, about $22 million.
Expenditures by the ACA Organizations
52%
Nature Attractions
38%
Heritage Sites
Benefits
10%
20%
Contract Labor
3%
12%
3%
13%
7%
30%
Museums
Total Payroll
8%
38%
Performing Arts
0%
14%
5%
30%
3%
13%
40%
Expenditures for materials
50%
1%
16%
18%
27%
4%
25%
14%
5%
60%
70%
Exp. For Services
2%
1%
11%
12%
29%
80%
90%
Exp for real estate
100%
Other Expenditures
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
We have used the payroll and sales data to estimate the taxes paid by ACA groups to
local and state governments. The groups pay about $800,000 annually in occupational
taxes to Louisville-Jefferson County, Jefferson County Schools, and TARC. They are
also associated with about $4.8 million annually in income and sales taxes to
Kentucky and Indiana state governments.
Estimated Annual Tax Base and Tax Revenues
Linked to Louisville Arts and Cultural Attractions
Wages and salaries, contract labor, paid by ACA organizations
in downtown Louisville
$26,472,585
rest of Jefferson County
$13,098,866
southern Indiana
$3,030,749
other Kentucky counties
$1,387,945
Total
$43,990,145
Concessions, gift shop sales, etc
$21,746,177
Local occupational taxes
Louisville-Jefferson County Government
Jefferson County School System
Transit Authority of River City
State income and sales taxes
Kentucky state government
Indiana state government
$4,375,283
$448,699
Total Occupational, Income, and Sales Taxes
$5,635,197
$494,643
$237,429
$79,143
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Growth in Attenance, 2000 to 2006
paid and unpaid
We have added several new organizations since our
2001 study, including the Frazier International
History Museum. Their activity boosted overall
attendance above that in our last study. Nature
attractions saw the greatest growth in attendance,
both paid and total. Performing arts groups saw a
decline of about 10 percent in attendance, both paid
and total.
1,000,000
800,000
New organizations
Organizations included in 2001 Study
600,000
400,000
200,000
For comparison, the population of the Louisville
MSA grew by 4.9 percent between 2000 and 2006.
0
Nature attractions
Heritage sites
Performing arts
Museums
-200,000
Growth in Paid Attenance, 2000 to 2006
-400,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
Nature attractions
Heritage sites
-50,000
-100,000
New organizations
-150,000
Organizations included in 2001 Study
-200,000
-250,000
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Performing arts
Museums
Growth in Employees, 2000 to 2006
full-time equivalents
Overall employment was about the same as in our 2001
study, with contributions from new groups just
offsetting a decline by existing organizations. For
comparison, the Louisville MSA had a net loss of 0.5%
in total jobs between 2000 and 2006.
60
40
20
0
Nature attractions
Heritage sites
Performing arts
Total expenses grew by 31.7% overall, with the greatest
growth in museums and performing arts organizations.
Museums
-20
-40
For comparison, there was a 20.4% growth in per capita
income of Louisville MSA residents between 2000 and
2006; and a 14.9% in the national price level (inflation)
for personal consumption expenditures.
-60
-80
New organizations
-100
Organizations included in 2001 Study
-120
Growth in Total Expenditures, 2000 to 2006
$25,000,000
New organizations
$20,000,000
Organizations included in 2001 Study
$15,000,000
$10,000,000
$5,000,000
$0
Nature attractions
Heritage sites
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Performing arts
Museums
Data on orchestra activity is available for most of Louisville’s competitor markets. The
American Symphony League produces statistical reports for twelve of the markets. The
Louisville Orchestra ranks 11th in attendance, with 66 attendees per 1,000 residents. It
ranks 9th in number of musicians, 8th in annual operating expenses, and 7th in salaries.
Metropolitan Population and Symphony Orchestra Attendance
Louisville and Eleven Peer MSAs
350,000
300,000
Attendance, 2005-06 Season
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
Louisville
50,000
Source: Orchestra Statistical Report, 2905-2006 Season , American Symphony
Orchestra League.
0
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
Population, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
2,500,000
On a per capita basis, the Louisville Orchestra ranks 11th in
attendance, 9th in total orchestra expenses, and 5th in orchestra
salaries.
Total and Salary Expenses per Capita
Symphony Orchestras in Louisville and Eleven Peer MSAs
$5.00
$4.50
Salary Expenses per Capita
$4.00
$3.50
$3.00
Louisville
$2.50
$2.00
$1.50
$1.00
$0.50
$0.00
$0.00
Source: Orchestra Statistical Report, 2905-2006 Season , American Symphony
Orchestra League.
$2.00
$4.00
$6.00
$8.00
$10.00
$12.00
$14.00
Total Orchestra Expenses per Capita
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
$16.00
$18.00
Nationally, Louisville ranks 46th in attendance among the 54
metropolitan areas where orchestra reports are available.
Metropolitan Population and Symphony Orchestra Attendance
54 MSAs
1,600,000
1,400,000
Attendance, 2005-06 Season
1,200,000
1,000,000
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
Source: Orchestra Statistical Report, 2905-2006 Season , American Symphony
Orchestra League.
Louisville
0
0
2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000 12,000,000 14,000,000 16,000,000 18,000,000 20,000,000
Population, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Comparable theatre data is only available for a few prominent companies. Nevertheless, the
latest data support prior findings that Louisville truly stands out in theatre activity. Actors
Theatre pushes Louisville to the top in terms of performances, attendance, and operating
expenses for a market in its size class.
Theatre Attendance and Budgets, 2005
$12,000,000
Louisville
$10,000,000
Kansas City
Total expenses
$8,000,000
Indianapolis
$6,000,000
$4,000,000
$2,000,000
Memphis
Dayton
Source: Theatre Communications Group; data shown are for
metropolitan area totals, and may include activity at more than one
theatre organization.
Charlotte
$0
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
Total attendance
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
200,000
Opera
Opera is the most hierarchical of all
performing arts, with New York accounting
for over 30% of all company expenditures
and attendance in US;
…add in San Francisco, Chicago, and Los
Angeles to account for half of all activity.
The Kentucky Opera in Louisville ranks 33rd
in expenditures per capita, 56th in attendance
per capita; Louisville MSA ranks 33rd in
population size among 69 MSAs for which
opera data available.
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Expenditures by Opera Companies
66 Metropolitan Statistical Areas
$70,000,000
Source:Opera America "Professional Opera Survey Report: A Fiscal and Operational Overview of Professional
Opera Companies", Level 3, 2003-2004 Season. Not all companies reported.
Omitted for scaling purposes: New York ($230 mil), Los Angeles ($53 mil) and Chicago ($51
$60,000,000 mil).
San Francisco
Expenses, 2003-04 Season
$50,000,000
$40,000,000
$30,000,000
Seattle
$20,000,000
Houston
Salt Lake City
Santa Fe
$10,000,000
Miami
San Diego
Detroit
Louisville
Dallas - Ft. Worth
Philadephia
Atlanta
$0
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
Population, 2004
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
6,000,000
7,000,000
Per Capita Opera Expenditures and Attendance per 1,000 Residents
68 Metropolitan Statistical Areas
$20
Salt Lake City
$18
$16
San Francisco
Expenditures per capita
$14
New York
$12
$10
Sarasota
$8
Seattle
Napa Valley
$6
Milwaukee
$4
Source:Opera America "Professional Opera Survey Report: A Fiscal
and Operational Overview of Professional Opera Companies", Level 3,
Charlottesville, 2003-2004 Season. Not all companies reported. Santa Fe (595, $116
VA omitted from this chart to control scale.
Louisville
$2
$0
0
10
20
30
40
50
Attendance per 1,000 residents
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
60
70
Opera Companies, 2003-2004 Season
Louisville and Peer MSAs
Metropolitan Statistical Area
Birmingham-Hoover, AL
Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC
Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN
Columbus, OH
Dayton, OH
Indianapolis-Carmel, IN
Kansas City, MO-KS
Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN
Memphis, TN-MS-AR
Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, TN
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA
Population, 2004
1,080,135
1,472,619
2,074,789
1,689,263
843,546
1,617,406
1,925,536
1,200,526
1,244,757
1,393,618
802,003
Total
Expenditures
$410,792
$3,096,013
$6,409,354
$2,088,184
$1,917,428
$2,737,028
$3,401,589
$2,561,789
$1,302,386
$2,518,253
$2,518,253
Mainstage
Expenditures per Attendance per
Attendance
capita
1,000 residents
4,872
$0.38
4.5
22,173
$2.10
15.1
33,963
$3.09
16.4
16,206
$1.24
9.6
20,148
$2.27
23.9
13,664
$1.69
8.4
20,991
$1.77
10.9
9,368
$2.13
7.8
8,927
$1.05
7.2
21,842
$1.81
15.7
21,842
$3.14
27.2
Source: Opera America "Professional Opera Survey Report: A Fiscal and Operational Overview of Professional Opera Companies", Level 3, 2003-2004 Season.
Greensboro is served by the Greensboro Opera Company, but they are not listed in the report.
No opera company was found for Jacksonville, FL.
The Virginia Opera serves Richmond, Norfolk and other Virginia markets.
Raleigh has The Opera Company of North Carolina, but they are not listed in the report.
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Comparable ballet data is available from Dance America for most of Louisville’s
comparison cities. Clearly, ballet budgets are a function of market size, with Louisville
activity where one would expect for a city our size. Raleigh and Richmond appear to be
above average, while Birmingham and Nashville appear below average.
Ballet Company Expenditures vs. MSA Population
$6,000,000
Kansas City
Cincinnati
$5,000,000
Raleigh
Columbus
Richmond
Total expenses, FY05
$4,000,000
Charlotte
Indianapolis
Louisville
Memphis
$3,000,000
Nashville
Dayton
$2,000,000
Birmingham
$1,000,000
Greensboro
Sources: Dance USA and US Census Bureau
Lexington
$0
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
MSA Population, 2006
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
2,500,000
Museums, Historical Sites, Zoos
We have used the Official Museum Directory, 2006*, to identify museums, galleries, zoos,
historical sites and other attractions located in the fifteen peer markets. We organized the
attendance museum data into seven categories: art museums, science and natural history
museums and planetariums, children’s museums, sports museums, zoos and aquariums,
arboretums and nature centers, historic sites and houses. Attendance figures for each category
are shown in the following slides.
We also add attendance across all the categories, to get a measure of overall activity. See next
slide. Louisville ranks highly in this regard, primarily due to its large showing in the science
museum and sport museum categories. The Louisville Science Center, the Kentucky Derby
Museum, and the Louisville Slugger Museum are major attractions, with sufficient attendance
to boost Louisville to the top of the rankings among the peer markets for comparable
museum types.
Louisville also scores well in nature sites, with attendance above what would be expected for a
market with a population of 1.2 million. With no venues, Louisville ranks below average in
attendance at aquariums, botanical gardens, and children’s museums.
* While the most comprehensive listing available, the Directory does not have entries for all attractions. For Louisville,
important omissions include the Frazier Museum and the Falls of Ohio state park.
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Attendance at all Area Art, Children's, History, Natural
History, Science, & Sports Museums, Arboretums,
Botanical Gardens, Nature Centers, Zoos, Aquariums,
Planetariums, and Historic Sites 2005
Cincinnati
Per Capita Attendance at all Area Art, Children's, History,
Natural History, Science, & Sports Museums,
Arboretums, Botanical Gardens, Nature Centers, Zoos,
Aquariums, Planetariums, and Historic Sites 2005
4,561,051
Indianapolis
4,379,391
Jacksonville
3,803,609
Kansas City
3,389,120
Louisville
3,219,109
Memphis
2,867,967
Nashville
2,847,532
Omaha
2,455,114
Birmingham
2,308,396
Raleigh
1,000,000
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
2,000,000
2.67
Louisville
2.66
2.28
2.18
Birmingham
2.12
Richmond
2.09
Nashville
2.00
Columbus
1.99
1.88
1.81
Raleigh
1,267,513
0
Indianapolis
Kansas City
1,399,887
Greensboro
3.05
Greensboro
1,647,042
Charlotte
3.12
Cincinnati
2,624,481
Richmond
Dayton
Memphis
2,790,187
Dayton
3.43
Jacksonville
3,520,710
Columbus
Omaha
1.73
Charlotte
3,000,000
Attendance, 2005
4,000,000
5,000,000
0.92
0
1
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
2
3
Per Capita Attendance, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
4
5
Louisville ranks eighth in total art museum attendance among the fifteen metropolitan
areas, and ninth on a per capita basis. The Speed Art Museum accounts for most of the
attendance in Louisville. The figures also include attendance at the Kentucky Museum of
Art and Craft, the Hite Gallery, the Carnegie Center for Art and History. Nashville now
tops the per capita ranking, boosted by 301,000 attendees at the new Frist Center alone.
Per Capita Attendance at all Area Art Museums
and Galleries, 2005
Attendance at all Area Art Museums and Galleries, 2005
729,286
Cincinnati
Nashville
686,339
Indianapolis
471,692
Columbus
457,645
Kansas City
0.48
Dayton
0.35
Cincinnati
0.35
Omaha
442,400
0.34
0.33
Greensboro
296,394
Dayton
Nashville
0.29
Indianapolis
Charlotte
283,053
Raleigh
0.27
Louisville
278,752
Columbus
0.27
Omaha
277,604
Louisville
0.23
Kansas City
0.23
Raleigh
259,228
Birmingham
235,200
Jacksonville
Birmingham
227,724
Greensboro
222,051
Memphis
216,795
Richmond
150,000
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
Jacksonville
0.19
Charlotte
0.19
0.17
Memphis
0.16
Richmond
190,522
0
0.21
300,000
450,000
Attendance, 2005
600,000
750,000
0.0
0.1
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
0.2
0.3
0.4
Per Capita Attendance, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
0.5
0.6
Louisville ranks second in attendance in the category of Science Museums, Natural
History Museums, and Planetariums.. Figures include attendance at the Louisville
Science Center and at the Gheens Planetarium (UL). Raleigh’s North Carolina
Museum of Natural Science had over 700,000 visitors..Charlotte’s Discovery Place
had attendance of 525,000.
Attendance at all Area Science and Natural History
Museums and Planetariums, 2005
Raleigh
Per Capita Attendance at all Area Science and Natural
History Museums and Planetariums, 2005
703,000
Louisville
641,000
Charlotte
591,794
Columbus
505,000
410,848
Richmond
400,000
Kansas City
Birmingham
300,000
Dayton
292,807
Memphis
200,000
Greensboro
165,000
Richmond
0.35
Dayton
0.35
Birmingham
0.35
0.31
Greensboro
0.24
Cincinnati
0.24
Nashville
0.21
Kansas City
0.21
0.16
0.08
0.01
Indianapolis
Omaha 0
0
0.39
Jacksonville
20,000
Indianapolis
0.53
Memphis
95,000
Jacksonville
Louisville
Columbus
376,650
Nashville
0.74
Charlotte
534,850
Cincinnati
Raleigh
Omaha 0.00
150,000
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
300,000
450,000
Attendance, 2005
600,000
750,000
0.0
0.2
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
0.4
0.6
Per Capita Attendance, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
0.8
1.0
Indianapolis and Cincinnati have major Children’s museums, and dominate this ranking.
Louisville has a Science Center with many of the same attributes (next slide), but is not
classified as a museum primarily as for children..
Per Capita Attendance at all Area Children's Museums,
2005
Attendance at all Area Children's Museums, 2005
1,200,000
Indianapolis
Cincinnati
500,000
Indianapolis
Cincinnati
Kansas City
182,610
Omaha
Richmond
180,000
Richmond
Omaha
176,000
Memphis
143,405
Memphis
0.73
0.24
0.22
0.15
0.11
Kansas City
0.09
0.09
Nashville
85,000
Raleigh
Raleigh
81,983
Nashville
0.06
Louisville 0
Louisville 0.00
Jacksonville 0
Jacksonville 0.00
Greensboro 0
Greensboro 0.00
Dayton 0
Dayton 0.00
Columbus 0.00
Columbus 0
Charlotte 0.00
Charlotte 0
Birmingham 0.00
Birmingham 0
0
250,000
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
500,000
750,000
Attendance, 2005
1,000,000
1,250,000
0.0
0.2
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
0.4
0.6
Per Capita Attendance, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
0.8
1.0
Louisville tops the list in terms of attendance at Sports museums, with two major
attractions: the Kentucky Derby Museum and the Slugger Museum. The only sports
museums among the peers with comparable attendance are the Indianapolis Motor
Speedway Hall of Fame Museum (350,000), and the World Golf Hall of Fame
(250,000) in Jacksonville.
Per Capita Attendance at all Area
Sports Related Museums, 2005
Louisville
0.32
Indianapolis
0.21
Jacksonville
0.20
Greensboro
0.03
Birmingham
0.02
0.01
Columbus
Richmond 0.00
Raleigh 0.00
Omaha 0.00
Nashville 0.00
Memphis 0.00
Kansas City 0.00
Dayton 0.00
Cincinnati 0.00
Charlotte 0.00
0.0
0.2
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
0.4
0.6
Per Capita Attendance, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
0.8
1.0
Eleven of the comparison markets have zoos. Charlotte, with a population of 1.5 million, is easily
the largest metro area without a zoo. Cincinnati and Omaha top the rankings in terms of
attendance, with Omaha standing out due to its small population size (812,000). Louisville ranks
in the middle of the metros. Because of the scheduling of special events, 2005 was an off year
for the Louisville Zoo, which had attendance of over 810,000 in 2006-07.
Per Capita Attendance at all Area Zoos and Aquariums,
2005
Attendance at all Area Zoos and Aquariums, 2005
Cincinnati
1,700,000
Omaha
Omaha
1.97
1,600,662
Greensboro
Columbus
1,407,259
Indianapolis
1,200,000
Jacksonville
827,880
Memphis
0.73
0.66
0.64
0.62
Birmingham
470,000
Birmingham
0.81
Louisville
494,033
Kansas City
Cincinnati
Memphis
700,000
Nashville
0.82
Jacksonville
750,000
Greensboro
Columbus
Indianapolis
810,000
Louisville
1.04
0.41
Nashville
450,000
0.35
Kansas City
0.24
Richmond 0
Richmond 0.00
Raleigh 0
Raleigh 0.00
Dayton 0
Dayton 0.00
Charlotte 0
Charlotte 0.00
0
300,000
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
Cincinnati includes a conservative estimate of
Newport Aquarium attendance.
600,000
900,000
1,200,000
Attendance, 2005
1,500,000
1,800,000
0.0
Source: The official Musuem Directory, 2006.
Cincinnati includes a conservative estimate of
Newport Aquarium attendance.
0.5
1.0
Per Capita Attendance, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
1.5
2.0
One finds a similar pattern when looking only at zoos, and using data from the
Association of Zoos and Aquariums for 2005. Louisville and Memphis are nearly
identical in zoo activity and population size. Omaha and Greensboro stand out in terms
of zoo activity in a smaller market, while Kansas City, Nashville have below average zoo
activity. Charlotte and Richmond have private zoos, with no data published.
Zoo Attendance and Annual Budgets, 2005
$30,000,000
Columbus
$25,000,000
Cincinnati
$20,000,000
Budget
Omaha
$15,000,000
Greensboro
Indianapolis
Memphis
Louisville
$10,000,000
Kansas City
Jacksonville
Birmingham
$5,000,000
Nashville
Dayton
Source: Association of Zoos and Aquariums, 2007
Directory.
$0
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
Attendance
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
1,400,000
1,600,000
Twelve of the comparison markets have arboretums, botanical gardens or nature center.
Indianapolis, with a population of 1.6 million, is easily the largest metro area without
such an attraction. Dayton tops the rankings in terms of attendance, due primarily to its
Cox Arboretum and Gardens Metropark. Louisville ranks above average, thanks to
250,000 reported visitors to Bernheim Arboretum and Research Forest.
Per Capita Attendance at all Area Arboretums, Botanical
Gardens and Nature Centers, 2005
Attendance at all Area Arboretums, Botanical
Gardens and Nature Centers, 2005
Dayton
501,000
Columbus
Nashville
170,000
Nashville
Memphis
170,000
Omaha
150,819
Omaha
90,000
Raleigh
20,000
Greensboro
0.15
0.14
Memphis
175,000
Charlotte
0.21
Richmond
195,000
Richmond
0.22
Louisville
250,000
Cincinnati
0.28
Columbus
300,000
Louisville
0.60
Birmingham
378,500
Birmingham
Dayton
15,000
0.12
0.11
Charlotte
0.10
Cincinnati
0.09
Greensboro
0.02
Raleigh
0.02
Kansas City 0
Kansas City 0.00
Jacksonville 0
Jacksonville 0.00
Indianapolis 0
Indianapolis 0.00
0
90,000
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
180,000
270,000
360,000
Attendance, 2005
450,000
540,000
0.0
0.2
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
0.4
Per Capita Attendance, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
0.6
0.8
All of the comparison markets have historic sites and houses. Jacksonville tops the
rankings in terms of attendance, with eight listed attractions. The largest are the Fort
Matanzas National Monument (700,000 visitors) and the Castillo de San Marcos
National Monument (650,000). Eleven sites are listed for the Louisville area, with my
Old Kentucky Home state park posting the greatest attendance (100,0000).
Per Capita Attendance at all Area Historic Sites
& Houses, 2005
Attendance at all Area Historic Sites & Houses, 2005
1,825,314
Jacksonville
Richmond
1,080,769
Kansas City
Jacksonville
Richmond
1,052,672
661,075
Memphis
Nashville
655,458
Nashville
346,752
Indianapolis
Omaha
186,500
Indianapolis
Raleigh
39,000
Greensboro
20,000
0
400,000
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
0.14
Charlotte
104,595
72,443
0.19
Birmingham
150,000
Columbus
0.29
0.23
Dayton
76,504
0.46
0.23
191,780
Cincinnati
0.53
Omaha
Dayton
Charlotte
0.54
Louisville
305,949
Birmingham
0.92
Kansas City
Memphis
Louisville
1.46
800,000
1,200,000
Attendance, 2005
1,600,000
2,000,000
0.07
Columbus
0.04
Raleigh
0.04
Cincinnati
0.04
Greensboro
0.03
0.0
0.2
0.4
Source: The Official Musuem Directory, 2006.
0.6
0.8
1.0
Per Capita Attendance, 2005
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
1.2
1.4
1.6
One fairly comprehensive measure of the arts and cultural economic footprint is from
data reported to the IRS by tax-exempt groups. We organized data on 810 tax-exempt
museums, performing arts groups, botanical gardens and arboreta, zoos and aquariums in
the fifteen comparison metros. The 37 Louisville groups reporting had $50 million in
revenues, and $46 million in expenditures in 2005 (11th highest per capita). Continued….
Total Revenues of Tax Exempt Museums, Performing
Arts Groups, Botanical Gardens & Arboreta, and Zoos &
Aquariums, 2005
$163,054,004
Cincinnati
$151,869,896
Indianapolis
$98,053,378
Kansas City
Charlotte
$47,749,987
Memphis
$43,132,769
Birmingham
$33,124,176
Raleigh
Source: National Center for Charitable Statistics,
Dataweb, Core Data on Public Charities, 2005.
$52,955,552
Louisville
$45,949,147
Richmond
$45,904,235
$41,236,365
Birmingham
$34,383,274
Raleigh
$14,010,274
$0
$57,363,546
Jacksonville
$25,797,378
Greensboro
$64,362,266
Memphis
$50,292,785
Dayton
$66,906,908
Dayton
$54,019,659
Louisville
$70,853,505
Nashville
$64,762,472
Jacksonville
$88,232,251
Omaha
$84,105,916
Nashville
$92,232,836
Charlotte
$85,929,709
Richmond
$141,576,454
Indianapolis
Kansas City
$94,235,355
Omaha
$170,362,624
Cincinnati
Columbus
$96,345,687
Columbus
Total Expenses of Tax Exempt Museums, Performing
Arts Groups, Botanical Gardens & Arboreta, and Zoos &
Aquariums, 2005
$25,015,047
Greensboro
$60,000,000
$120,000,000
Total Revenue
$180,000,000
Source: National Center for Charitable Statistics,
Dataweb, Core Data on Public Charities, 2005.
$12,159,059
$0
$50,000,000
$100,000,000
Total Expenses
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
$150,000,000
$200,000,000
The Louisville groups reported assets of $189 million, 8th highest among the
fifteen metropolitan areas, and 7th highest on a per capita basis. Total
contributions to the groups were $24 million, 10th highest overall and per capita.
Net Assets or Fund Balances of Tax Exempt Museums,
Performing Arts Groups, Botanical Gardens & Arboreta,
and Zoos & Aquariums, 2005
$1,065,729,494
Indianapolis
$516,935,286
Kansas City
$189,103,122
Charlotte
Nashville
$174,523,063
Jacksonville
$145,086,613
Charlotte
$97,053,974
Birmingham
Greensboro
$24,306,892
$22,633,152
$18,175,603
Birmingham
$16,545,065
Raleigh
$8,033,171
$0
$27,164,845
Dayton
$38,791,176
Raleigh
$28,313,555
Memphis
Source: National Center for Charitable Statistics,
Dataweb, Core Data on Public Charities, 2005.
$59,967,670
$40,165,093
Louisville
$114,796,868
Memphis
$42,101,951
Nashville
Louisville
Jacksonville
$46,653,600
Columbus
$230,528,787
Columbus
$54,216,726
Kansas City
$257,028,075
Dayton
$57,172,454
Indianapolis
$295,868,015
Richmond
$63,013,077
Omaha
$328,206,186
Omaha
$66,549,774
Cincinnati
Richmond
$458,357,048
Cincinnati
Total Contributions, Public & Private, to Tax Exempt
Museums, Performing Arts Groups, Botanical Gardens &
Arboreta, and Zoos & Aquariums, 2005
$12,142,857
Greensboro
$300,000,000
$600,000,000
$900,000,000
Net Assets or Fund Balances
$1,200,000,000
Source: National Center for Charitable Statistics,
Dataweb, Core Data on Public Charities, 2005.
$7,952,937
$0
$20,000,000
$40,000,000
Total Contributions
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
$60,000,000
$80,000,000
According to LOOK, a consortium of area art galleries, there are currently 44 galleries
in Louisville. Some of these are counted in other categories, such as the museums and
the activity at the Kentucky Center, Actors Theatre, and University of Louisville.
Several establishments are more than art galleries, including the studios, Glassworks,
Kaviar, Hidden Hill. The First Friday Gallery Hop and the Frankfort Avenue Trolley
Hop, hosted by many of these galleries, have become cultural attractions as well.
B. Deemer
Canoe
Carnegie Center for Art and History
Carr + Waite Studios
ccHill
Celia’s @ Mellwood
Gayle Cerlan / Jacque Parsley Gallery and Studio
Chapman Friedman Gallery (2)
Chez Moi Gallery
Cobalt Artworks
Mary Craik Gallery
Crescent Hill Gallery
Dunbar & Bryant Art Studio
Edenside Gallery
Fischer Gallery
Flame Run
Galerie Hertz
Gallery at Actors Theatre
Gallery Janjobe
Gallery at The Kentucky Center
Gallery Nulu
Garner - Furnish Studio
Glassworks Gallery
Hess Gallery
Hidden Hill Nursery / Sculpture Garden
Hite Art Institute (2)
Kaviar Forge & Gallery
Kentucky Museum of Art and Craft
Lionheart Gallery
Louisville Visual Art Association
Mad About Art
Mellwood Arts & Entertainment Center
Merridian Fine Art
Objects of Desire
Paul Paletti Gallery
Presents Gallery
PYRO Gallery
David Schuster Creations
Speed Art Museum
Swanson Reed Contemporary
21C Museum
Zephyr Gallery
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Most art galleries are privately
owned and small, and hence there
is little publicly available data on
their economic activity.
The last economic census shows
14 art gallery establishments in
the Louisville metropolitan area,
with combined sales of $3.8
million. They employed 51
people, with annual payroll of
$707,000.
Louisville ranks 13th among the
comparison metros in terms of
number of galleries per capita.
All the metros but Omaha are
below the national average, and
Louisville has only about onehalf the concentration as the US
overall. Continued…….
United States
Number of Retail Art Dealers per Million
Residents
Louisville and Comparison MSAs
22.0
Omaha
24.3
Jacksonville
20.5
Indianapolis
17.1
Birmingham
16.0
Columbus
15.7
Kansas City
15.4
Greensboro
15.2
Richmond
15.1
Charlotte
14.2
Raleigh
13.9
Nashville
13.3
Cincinnati
12.7
Louisville
11.9
Dayton
Source: US Census Bureau, 2002
Economic Census. Data for NAICS
industry 45392, Art Dealers.
11.8
Memphis
9.8
0
5
10
15
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
20
25
30
…due to federal confidentiality laws, sales, jobs, and payroll data were only published
for thirteen of the MSAs. Louisville ranked 11th in terms of sales per capita, and 8th in
terms of jobs per capita. By most measures, Memphis and Dayton are at the bottom
of the rankings, while Omaha, Jacksonville, and Birmingham are at the top.
Revenues of Retail Art Dealers, per Capita
Louisville and Comparison MSAs
Employees at Retail Art Dealers, per Capita
Louisville and Comparison MSAs
United States
$14.70
Jacksonville
69.1
Nashville
$6.00
Charlotte
79.8
Jacksonville
$7.08
Nashville
76.1
Birmingham
$7.77
Birmingham
United States
$5.01
47.3
Columbus
45.9
45.7
Raleigh
$4.75
Greensboro
Richmond
$4.75
Raleigh
44.1
Columbus
$4.71
Indianapolis
43.8
Indianapolis
$4.58
Kansas City
Louisville
Kansas City
$4.10
Greensboro
$3.08
Dayton
$3.05
$0
$2
$4
39.1
Richmond
$3.25
Memphis
40.2
Charlotte
$3.71
Louisville
43.2
Source: US Census Bureau, 2002
Economic Census. Data for NAICS
industry 45392, Art Dealers.
37.3
Dayton
Memphis
$6
$8
$10
$12
$14
$16
Source: US Census Bureau, 2002
Economic Census. Data for NAICS
industry 45392, Art Dealers.
22.5
15.5
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
$50
$60
$70
$80
$90
Appendix A.
Arts and Cultural Organizations Included in Study
Museums
Callahan Museum: American Printing House for the Blind
Carnegie Center for Art & History
Frazier International History Museum
Hite Galleries, University of Louisville
Howard Steamboat Museum
Jeffersontown Historical Museum
Kentucky Museum of Art and Craft
Kentucky Derby Museum
Kentucky Railway Museum
Louisville Science Center
Louisville Slugger Museum
Louisville Visual Art Association
Portland Museum
Speed Art Museum
Heritage and Cultural Sites
Cathedral Heritage Foundation
Crane House
Farmington Historic Home
Filson Club
Locust Grove
National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution
My Old Kentucky Home State Park
Riverside, The Farnsley-Moreman Landing
Thomas Edison House
Whitehall
Performing Arts
Actors Theatre
Blue Apple Players
Choral Arts Society
Clifton Center
Comedy Caravan
Derby Dinner Playhouse
Fund for the Arts
Kentucky Center for the Performing Arts
Kentucky Shakespeare Festival
Louisville Ballet
Kentucky Opera (KCA)
Kentucky Watercolor Society
Louisville Orchestra
Mellwood Arts & Entertainment Center
Music Theatre Louisville (amphitheatre)
Ogle Cultural and Community Center (IUS)
Palace Theatre
PNC Bank Broadway Series
Stage One: The Louisville Children's Theatre, Inc.
The Louisville Chorus
Walden Theatre
Nature Attractions
Bernheim Arboretum and Research
Botanica
Falls of the Ohio State Park Interpretive Center
Louisville Zoo
Yew Dell Gardens
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Appendix B. Letter and Data Template Used for Study
May 8, 2007
Dear ………,
As you may know, we are working with the Arts and Cultural Attractions
Council of Greater Louisville, Inc. to update our 2000 study “The
Economic Importance of Arts and Cultural Attractions in the Louisville
Area”. That study provided a first-ever rollup of activity and financial data on the major
ACA organizations in the region, as well as a comparison with other similarly sized
metropolitan areas. The report remains available on the ACA website
(www.greaterlouisville.com/acanet/resources.asp). The Council has used the study to elevate
the collective profile of our arts and cultural attractions in the perceptions of elected
officials, economic development professionals, and the general public. It is time for an
update, to see how the ‘industry’ has grown this decade and what has changed in Louisville
relative to other markets.
We need your help again. In particular, we need some basic data on your organization. You
may or may not have developed a database of economic activities – employment, payrolls,
volunteers, visits, paid admissions, revenues, expenditures, assets. We are not asking you to
do a lot of research, but to share some of your already compiled internal data. As before we
promise not to release your data to anyone, but simply to combine it with that of your
colleagues and report summary measures by type of activity.
Would you please provide entries in the attached table, as available and appropriate for your
latest reporting year, using estimates for the current fiscal year if it is about to conclude? You
can respond by email, mail or fax. If more convenient we will visit you at your office to go
through it in person. This flexible format worked well last time. We would like a response
by Friday, May 18.
We very much value and appreciate your time in this research. In fact, we cannot compile
the statistical snapshot without your help. Feel free to make suggestions as to the best
measures for your ACA activities – we recognize that the various organizations may have
very different economic concepts and measurement protocols.
Sincerely,
Paul Coomes, Ph.D.
Professor of Economics, and
National City Research Fellow
University of Louisville
Stephen Klein
President of The Kentucky Center, and
Chair, Arts and Cultural Attractions Council
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Appendix B. Letter and Data Template Used for Study (cont)
NAME:
ORGANIZATION:
Reference Year *
* please specify calendar or fiscal year range
Services
Visits/attendance annually, paid and unpaid
Annual Budget Summary
Revenues
from admissions/ticket sales
from concessions
Paid visits/attendance
from other sales
Estimated % of visitors that are not residents*
from government grants
* not residents of 13-county Louisville MSA
from private grants and contributions
Workforce and payrolls
from investment income
Average monthly full-time employment
other
Average monthly part-time employment
Total annual revenues
Estimate of FTE of the part-time workforce
Expenditures
Total annual payroll, excluding fringe benefits
for personnel
Fringe benefits
for materials, supplies, equipment
Annual contract labor costs
for services (utilities, advertising, legal, etc)
for real estate (rent, mortgage)
Number of volunteers (individuals) annually
other
Annual volunteer hours
Total annual expenditures
Assets
Footprint
Insured value of real estate, equipment
Square feet of office space utilized
Value of financial assets
Parking spots controlled
Please email to paul.coomes@louisville.edu, or fax to 852.7672, or mail to Paul Coomes, College of Business, University of Louisville, Louisville
KY 40292. Call with questions, 852.4841. Thanks.
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville
Component Counties of 16 Competitor Metros
Area
Population
Code* MSA……………..……………..Counties
2002
71000 Birmingham, AL
935,168
01009
Blount, AL
52,968
01073
Jefferson, AL
661,153
01115
St. Clair, AL
67,215
01117
Shelby, AL
153,832
71520 Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC
37025
Cabarrus, NC
37071
Gaston, NC
37109
Lincoln, NC
37119
Mecklenburg, NC
37159
Rowan, NC
37179
Union, NC
45091
York, SC
1,584,898
140,182
193,443
66,598
737,950
133,359
139,611
173,755
71640 Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA
39015
Brown, OH
39025
Clermont, OH
39061
Hamilton, OH
39165
Warren, OH
21015
Boone, KY
21037
Campbell, KY
21077
Gallatin, KY
21081
Grant, KY
21117
Kenton, KY
21191
Pendleton, KY
18029
Dearborn, IN
18115
Ohio, IN
1,669,136
43,464
183,352
833,721
175,133
93,290
88,604
7,836
23,620
152,164
14,815
47,333
5,804
71840 Columbus, OH
39041
39045
39049
39089
39097
39129
Delaware, OH
Fairfield, OH
Franklin, OH
Licking, OH
Madison, OH
Picaway, OH
1,583,907
125,399
129,161
1,086,814
148,731
40,365
53,437
Clark, OH
Greene, OH
Miami, OH
Montgomery, OH
947,446
143,416
149,964
99,596
554,470
73120 Greensboro-Winson Salem-High Point, NC
37001
Alamance, NC
37057
Davidson, NC
37059
Davie, NC
37067
Forsyth, NC
37081
Guilford, NC
37151
Randolph, NC
37169
Stokes, NC
37197
Yadkin, NC
1,286,265
135,893
151,238
36,734
314,933
430,937
134,217
44,984
37,329
72000 Dayton-Springfield, OH
39023
39057
39109
39113
Area Code* MSA….………...……….………..Counties
73480 Indianapolis, IN
18011
Boone, IN
18057
Hamilton, IN
18059
Hancock, IN
18063
Hendricks, IN
18081
Johnson, IN
18095
Madison, IN
18097
Marion, IN
18109
Morgan, IN
18145
Shelby, IN
73600 Jacksonville, FL
12019
12031
12089
12109
73760 Kansas City, MO-KS
29037
29047
29049
29095
29107
29165
29177
20091
20103
20121
20209
74280 Lexington, KY
21017
21049
21067
21113
21151
21209
21239
74520 Louisville, KY-IN
21029
21111
21185
18019
18043
18061
18143
Population
2002
1,655,097
48,277
205,610
58,343
114,301
121,604
132,068
863,429
67,791
43,674
Clay, FL
Duval, FL
Nassau, FL
St. Johns, FL
1,154,809
152,093
806,120
60,558
136,038
Cass, MO
Clay, MO
Clinton, MO
Jackson, MO
Lafayette, MO
Platte, MO
Ray, MO
Johnson, KS
Leavenworth, KS
Miami, KS
Wyandotte, KS
1,828,247
87,310
191,381
19,632
660,773
33,125
77,655
23,811
476,536
70,789
28,904
158,331
Bourbon, KY
Clark, KY
Fayette, KY
Jessamine, KY
Madison, KY
Scott, KY
Woodford, KY
489,717
19,576
33,726
263,618
40,740
73,334
35,320
23,403
Bullitt, KY
Jefferson, KY
Oldham, KY
Clark, IN
Floyd, IN
Harrison, IN
Scott, IN
1,039,599
63,800
698,080
49,310
98,198
71,633
35,244
23,334
Area Code* MSA………..…...….…...…..Counties
74920 Memphis, TN-AR-MS
47047
Fayette, TN
47157
Shelby, TN
47167
Tipton, TN
05035
Crittenden, AR
28033
De Soto, MS
75360 Nashville, TN
47021
47037
47043
47147
47149
47165
47187
47189
Population
2002
1,160,065
31,202
905,678
53,436
51,291
118,458
Cheatham, TN
Davidson, TN
Dickson, TN
Robertson, TN
Rutherford, TN
Sumner, TN
Williamson, TN
Wilson, TN
1,270,520
36,986
570,785
44,231
57,446
194,934
136,170
136,889
93,079
Cass, NE
Douglas, NE
Sarpy, NE
Washington, NE
Pottawattamie, IA
734,270
24,839
472,744
129,319
19,211
88,157
76640 Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC
37037
Chatham, NC
37063
Durham, NC
37069
Franklin, NC
37101
Johnston, NC
37135
Orange, NC
37183
Wake, NC
1,267,676
53,893
234,199
50,449
133,159
120,458
675,518
76760 Richmond-Petersburg, VA
51036
Charles City, VA
51041
Chesterfield, VA
51053
Dinwiddie, VA
51075
Goochland, VA
51085
Hanover, VA
51087
Henrico, VA
51127
New Kent, VA
51145
Powhatan, VA
51149
Prince George, VA
51570
Colonial Heights city, VA
51670
Hopewell city, VA
51730
Petersburg city, VA
51760
Richmond city, VA
1,023,419
7,239
271,142
24,747
17,523
92,050
268,270
14,157
23,997
34,135
17,063
22,525
33,115
197,456
75920 Omaha, NE-IA
31025
31055
31153
31177
19155
* Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) codes, for metropolitan areas defined as of June 30, 1996; and for counties as of January 1, 1990.
Population data from US Census Bureau.
Economic importance of arts and cultural attractions in Louisville