Asexual & Sexual Reproduction Study Guide
Cytokinesis – division of the cytoplasm
Asexual Reproduction
One parent
Offspring is genetically identical to the parent
Clone is genetically identical to the parent.
Disadvantage – no variety
Advantage - quick
Types of Asexual Reproduction:
1. Vegetative reproduction - plants use stems, leaves, or roots
2. Budding – Yeast use budding to reproduce
3. Fission – Bacteria
4. Regeneration – re-growing a body part
Mitosis: (asexual)
Body cell (mi- TOE – sis)
Division of the nucleus
Chromosomes replicate (copy) before mitosis begins
Phases:
Interphase – cell spends most time in this phase growing
Prophase – Chromosomes pair up
Metaphase – Chromosome line up in middle
Anaphase – pull apart
Telophase – Two new daughter cells
Sexual Reproduction
Two parents
Chromosomes contain DNA which is passed onto offspring
Offspring of sexual reproduction are different from their parents
Fertilization – egg and sperm combine
Zygote – fertilized egg
Meiosis (sexual)
Two divisions of the nucleus
Half the chromosomes in the daughter cell
Produces sex cells