BSC 2011L
Kingdom Animalia
All animals are multicelluar and
heterotrophic
 Some means of locomotion
 Always diploid

Animal Taxonomy

Domain Eukarya
 Kingdom Animalia
○ Invertebrates
 Parazoa – no true tissue layers
• Phylum Porifera – sponges
• Grantia
 Eumetazoa – true tissues, symmetry
- RADIATA – radial symmetry
• Phylum Ctenophora – comb jellies
• Phylum Cnidaria
• Class Hydrozoa – Portuguese man of war, Hydra, Obelia
• Class Scyphozoa – jelly fish
• Class Anthozoa – coral and sea anemones
Body Symmetry
Phylum Porifera







Live in water, mostly
marine
No true tissues
Adults are sessile but
larvae are mobile planktonic
assymmetrical
Can produce asexually
and sexually
Digestion – intracellular
choanocytes
Circulation – water
transport
Phylum Porifera

Animal:
Symmetry:
Body cavity:
Digestion:
Circulation:
Segmentation:
Appendages:
Nervous:
Habitat:
Respiration:
Excretion:
Locomotion:

Support:











sponges
asymmetrical
spongeocoel
intracellular choanocytes
water transport, amoebocytes
none
none
none
Aquatic, marine
diffusion
diffusion
none (sessile, however larvae are
flagellated)
spicules

Spicules

Sponge cross-section
http://www.deanza.edu/faculty/mccauley/6a-labs-sponges-01.htm
Phylum Ctenophora




Radially symmetrical
True tissues
(diploblastic)
Move by cilia
Many are
bioluminescent
Phylum Cnidaria








Radially symmetrical
True tissues (diploblastic)
Two body forms: polyp
and medusa
Part of zooplankton
Reproduce sexually and
asexually
Carnivores
Digestion –
gastrovascular cavity
Circulation – cells in
direct contact with water
Phylum Cnidaria


Have nerve net
between 2 tissue
layers
Cnidocytes
 Stinging cells
 Each one has fluid
filled capsule called
nematocyst
○ Contains thread that
trap or sting prey
Phylum Cnidaria
Class Hydrozoa - Hydra













Animal:
Symmetry:
Body cavity:
Digestion:
Circulation:
Segmentation:
Appendages:
Nervous:
Habitat:
Respiration:
Excretion:
Locomotion:
Support:
Hydra
Radial
coelenteron (sac)
gastrovascular cavity
cells in direct contact with water
none
tentacles around mouth
nerve nets
Aquatic
diffusion
none
limited
none
Hydra Model

Obelia
http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20102/Bio%20102%20Laboratory/Animal%20Diversity/Porifera,%20Radiata/Sponges_through_Roundworms.htm