CLERKING
A.
INTRODUCTION
Clerking is a prestigious and unique alternative to articling. Judicial clerkships are
usually 12–month terms that satisfy the “articling” requirement of the licensing process.
However, clerking is not restricted to your articling year. Some law school graduates
clerk after graduate school or following their call to the bar. Several courts in Canada,
both at the trial and appeal levels, offer clerking opportunities. Under the direction of
one or more justices, clerks research points of law, prepare memoranda of law, and
attend court proceedings. In short, they learn how the justice system works.
B.
ADVANTAGES OF CLERKING:

Challenging opportunities to learn about diverse areas of law and advocacy skills

Unique insights into how complex legal and policy arguments are decided

Gain a solid understanding of court procedures, rules of civil procedure,
sentencing principles, rules of statutory interpretation, and (where applicable)
standards of appellate review

Develop strong legal reasoning and legal writing skills

Personal contact with judges and the opportunity to candidly discuss cases with
judges

Benefit from high prestige of position in future academic and career endeavors,
including graduate school, work with law firms, the government and international
opportunities. For example, some U.S. firms regard clerkships highly and may
“credit” clerks (i.e. hiring them as second year associates after clerkship) and
offer other significant bonuses to clerks

Manageable work hours (40–50 hours per week.) depending on the judge, clerk,
and circumstances
APPLICATION INFORMATION
A.
GENERAL
Students should consult the particular court’s web page for specific application requirements.
Keep the following points in mind:
B.

Generally, application deadline dates are much earlier than private firms’
articling deadlines with most falling in January and February but others even
earlier.

Application requirements also differ as a sample of legal writing, official transcripts
(not copies), reference letters, and a recommendation from the Dean may be required.

Depending on the level of court, clerkships can be highly competitive. Students
with strong academic interests and standing have the best chance of clerking at
the most senior levels of courts, especially at the Supreme Court of Canada.
However, do not make the erroneous assumption that your grades and other
qualifications will prevent you from securing a valuable clerkship. Generally, the
courts are looking for students who have a record of solid academic
performance, not straight A’s.

Start early! This includes researching the various courts, drafting your
application, and obtaining reference letters.
COVER LETTER, RÉSUMÉ, AND REFERENCES
Draft your cover letter and résumé specifically for the clerkship application process, focusing on
your research and writing skills.
Unlike résumés that are submitted to traditional law firms, courts tend to look for more substantive
material; therefore, your résumé can be longer than two pages.
Keep in mind most courts are looking for:




Strong analytical ability to deal with complex legal arguments, critically and logically;
Excellent writing skills, with the ability to clearly summarize long and complex arguments;
Excellent research abilities, and in general, good problem–solving abilities; and,
Strong capacity to work collegially, as well as to take initiative and to work independently
Your best references will come from law professors who know you and can comment on your
research and writing skills. Therefore, doing independent research projects with a professor are
great ways to build an academic relationship. Acquiring reference letters from professors who
have clerked with the particular court you are applying to is helpful.

Remember to give your referees plenty of time to draft the letters and also be sure to supply
them with a copy of your most current résumé as well as the correct address and contact
name for the court to which you are applying. To avoid confusion, also remind your referees
to indicate your name on the front of the sealed reference letter, particularly if it is being sent
independent of your application.
C.
WRITING SAMPLE
Many courts require one or more writing samples and/or generally look for strong research and
writing skills. Here are a few suggestions:

It is a good idea to have a legal paper, case comment, or article that you can include with
your application or make reference to in your cover letter and/or interview. If a court does
not require a writing sample, it is still recommended that you make reference to one in
your cover letter.

If submitted with your application, the writing sample need not be the copy graded by the
professor. In fact you can make any changes or corrections recommended by the
professor to improve your paper.

D.
If a court asks candidates to submit “writing samples” but does not specify how many,
assume that two samples are sufficient. If you have more than two samples that you
would like to include, feel free to do so.
TRANSCRIPTS
A number of courts require official transcripts, not copies, to be included with the application.
Official transcripts are sent by the institution directly to a third party or are given to the student in
a sealed envelope. Turnaround time can be lengthy, so remember to order them early. Be sure
to include all post–secondary transcripts.
Tips from former clerkship students:

Clerks must possess research, writing, and summarizing skills. Thus, gain experience
and polish your skills while in law school.

Clerks must be confident in their abilities and must be able to give their opinions to
judges.

It is recommended that you clerk as soon after law school or graduate schools as
possible because your chances for being hired as a clerk are increased.

Do not be discouraged from applying if you feel your grades are not competitive enough;
varying past experiences and connections formed with judges during interviews may get
you the job!

Apply to as many courts as possible, even if you think you are not competitive enough for
a certain court.

Consider clerking for more than one court. The experience will give you comparative and
in–depth insights into the Canadian judicial system.

Students should enjoy legal research and must have the ability to process information
very quickly.

Do some research and writing early on apart from the 1st year legal research and memo
writing assignment. Take on an independent study project or work on getting a
publishable article out of a seminar with a paper requirement.

At the Supreme Court of Canada, judges are looking for good academic researchers, not
litigators. They are also looking for people who want the experience for its own sake, and
not as a stepping stone to something else.
SUPREME COURT OF CANADA
A.
INTRODUCTION
The Supreme Court of Canada, Ottawa typically hires around 27 law clerks. The period
of employment commences August or September for a one year period. In the past,
some clerks began in January and ended their term in December. Each Justice hires 3
clerks, often including 1 clerk who holds a civil law degree. By agreement with the
individual Justice, the period of employment may be extended for a period not exceeding
an additional 12 months. The Law Society of Upper Canada recognizes these
clerkships as fulfilling the articling requirement. It should be noted, however, that not all
law societies recognize service as a law clerk as fulfilling all or part of their articling
requirements.
B.
SALARY AND BENEFITS
The annual salary includes a fixed amount to assist with relocation from any point in
Canada to Ottawa and return. Law clerks will be engaged as term employees within the
Public Service and as such will receive benefits and conditions of employment as term
employees.
C.
DUTIES
A law clerk, under the direction of the Judge for whom the clerk works, researches points
of law, prepares memoranda of fact and law and generally assists the Judge in the work
of the Court. Furthermore, law clerks are expected to devote their full time and attention
to the performance of their duties. No time off is permitted to attend any bar admission
course or examination that may occur during the period of employment.
D.
QUALIFICATIONS
Bachelor of Laws or a Juris Doctor from a recognized Canadian university or its
equivalent is required. Candidates are responsible for checking articling requirements
with the law society of the jurisdiction in which they intend to seek admission to the
practice of law. Proficiency in one official language is mandatory. Bilingual positions
requiring proficiency in both official languages are being staffed. Candidates are
requested to indicate their level of proficiency in both official languages in reading,
written and oral proficiency. If students have a choice of court presenting offers and
interested in this court or seeking academia, please speak with your Dean, professors or
career advisor before making your choice.
Only persons holding Canadian citizenship or having permanent resident status in
Canada or a work permit for Canada may apply. You must indicate in your application
the basis on which you are entitled to work in Canada. Preference is given to Canadian
citizens. Applications made by persons who are not Canadian citizens are accepted,
however, if there are sufficient qualified applicants who are Canadian citizens, the
selection will be confined to those applicants.
Candidates will be also selected for further assessment based on the combination of
criteria including: letters of recommendation, academic background and record,
language skills and range of experience – legal and otherwise.
The Supreme Court is committed to employment equity. They encourage members of
the following designated groups to apply and also to self–identify: women, members of a
visible minority group, aboriginal people and persons with a disability.
Hearing/speech impaired: TTY (613) 947–3757
E.
THE APPLICATION
Applications should include the following:
1. A cover letter which addresses all requirements as listed on the posting;
2. A curriculum vitae;
3. official transcripts of all marks obtained in post–secondary studies, including law
school and any other post-graduate courses; **No Photocopies**
4. Four sealed letters of reference [which will include one from the Dean]. One of these
references may be from the present Dean of the faculty where the applicant obtained
his or her law degree. The letters may be included with your application or sent
separately by the persons who have agreed to forward references.
The Supreme Court requirements specify that you need letters of reference from “four
(4) persons. One of these references may be from the present Dean of the faculty
where the applicant obtained his/her law degree. The letters may be included with your
application or sent separately by the persons who have agreed to forward references.
The Supreme Court has not requested a writing sample so do not include one as it will
not be considered. However, it is recommended that you make reference to your writing
in your cover letter.
Note that incomplete or late applications will not be circulated or considered.
Again, students must clearly indicate in their cover letters how they meet the
requirements of the position. Cover letters may go onto a second page.
F.
INTERVIEWS
The Judges of the Court will conduct interviews in March. Candidates to be interviewed
will be advised by letter, e-mail, or telephone and should include in their materials an
address, e-mail address and telephone number where they can be reached or a
message can be left during the day.
Only those selected for an interview will be contacted and at that time will be asked to
provide two (2) writing samples. All hiring will be completed by the beginning of April.
G.
APPLICATION AND INTERVIEW ADVICE FROM UWO STUDENTS, CLERKS,
PROFESSORS AND VISITING JUDGES
Applications and Interviews

Do not be discouraged if you do not get a position after 2nd year. The clerkship
application process is extremely competitive and it is not uncommon to see SCC
clerks who have recently been called to the bar or who are lawyers who have been in
practice for a few years. Because the SCC is very competitive and marks are the
easiest way to narrow the applicant pool, strong academics are very important. Your
best references will come from professors who can comment on your research and
writing skills. If possible, have something you can show the judge, such as a legal
paper, case comment, or article. – Wendy Adams, Professor and Former SCC Clerk
(Oct/99)

The SCC is looking for someone with good marks (strong B+ average), experience,
and reference letters. The reference letters should be academic. This does not
necessarily mean you have to get letters from law professors only. For example,
well–known political science professors or constitutional scholars are very good
references. References from former non–academic employers and law firms are
less relevant. Keep in mind that interviewers want you to do well. You should be
prepared − know your CV, re–read any relevant articles, legal papers, or cases. –
Richard Gold, Professor and Former SCC Clerk (Oct/98)

Draft your cover letter and résumé specifically for the clerkship application process,
focussing on research and writing skills as well as your community interests. I had
interviews with the SCC and with law firms. The SCC seems interested in you as a
full individual (e.g. what does law mean to you, what issues are you interested in,
etc). I found it very helpful to consult with professors when I was preparing my
application.
References make ALL the difference so make sure you have
established relationships with professors. Also make sure you do not see your
reference letters – they have more value that way. The SCC is not generally looking
for one–dimensional people. Good marks and good writing skills are not necessarily
enough. The Court looks for community mindedness as well. Therefore, you should
keep up your extra–curriculars while you are in law school. UWO Grad and 1999/00
SCC Clerk (Oct/98)

The interviews are generally 30 minutes each and are conducted by the judges
individually. They are scheduled consecutively; therefore, if you have more than
one, be prepared to interview without a break. Each judge has a very different
interview style. Some will ask substantive questions while others do not. Some will
engage you in a debate about judicial activism. It’s not a bad idea to have a case in
mind that you are interested in and knowledgeable about and offer it up for
discussion. Former UWO Student and 2000/01 SCC Clerk (Oct/99)
FEDERAL COURT & FEDERAL COURT OF APPEAL
A.
INTRODUCTION
The Federal Court [Trial Division] and the Federal Court of Appeal are national and
bilingual Courts. Judges of the Courts travel extensively as they sit in every province.
There are normally 44 clerkships available: 12 clerks are hired for the Federal Court of
Appeal and 32 for the Federal Court. Each judge of the Court, except for those who
have elected supernumerary status, has a law clerk.
The Law Society of Upper Canada recognizes these one–year contract positions as
fulfilling the articling requirement. Other provinces may give partial credit to clerking to
satisfy articling requirements. Candidates should verify this with the law society of the
jurisdiction in which they will seek admission to practice.
Typically, Law clerks for the Federal Court and the Federal Court of Appeal will begin
their terms in August.
The Appeal Division serves as the following:
 Appellate body of the Trial Division of the Federal Court of Canada;
 Appellate body of the Tax Court of Canada; and
 Court of original jurisdiction for judicial review applications of federal boards such as
the Canadian Labour Relations Board, the Canadian Radio−Television and
Telecommunications Commission, and the Human Rights Commission of Canada.
The Trial Division deals with matters (other than tax) that fall under federal jurisdiction.
This includes the following areas of law:








intellectual property law (patent, copyright, and trademark);
admiralty law;
refugee and immigration law;
aboriginal law;
human rights law;
constitutional law;
Crown liability (concurrent jurisdiction with Superior Court of Justice); and
Reviews of federal minister decisions.
B.
SALARY AND BENEFITS
Salary includes a relocation allowance.
C.
DUTIES
Under the direction of the Judges to whom they have assigned, law clerks research points of law,
prepare legal memoranda, edit judgments and assist in the preparation of speeches and papers
for presentation by a judge. At the Federal Court, law clerks also assist the Prothonotaries. The
areas of law to which the law clerks are exposed include administrative law, Crown liability,
intellectual property, admiralty, immigration, income tax, human rights, aboriginal and
environment law.
D.
CAREER PROSPECTS
The Federal Court of Canada literature refers to the success its law clerk programme participants
have had in securing employment after their call to the bar. While the majority are now counsel at
major law firms in Canada and abroad or with the Federal Department of Justice or other
agencies, others are counsel with various organizations such as the Canadian Medical
Association, Stentor Telecom Policy Inc., Mutual Life Assurance Co. and Superior Propane Inc.
Some have become law professors while others have become provincial Crown Attorneys.
Finally, some are with the United Nations and Foreign Affairs.
Following completion of the one−year clerkship term, law clerks are permitted to take 12 months
leave without pay. During this period, the law clerks remain eligible to apply for legal advisory
and other positions open only to employees of the Federal Public Service.
E.
QUALIFICATIONS
1. Bachelor of Laws or Juris Doctor or other law degree from a recognized Canadian Law
school or equivalent;
2. Language requirements vary according to the position. Proficiency in one of the official
languages is mandatory. Proficiency in the other official language is required for certain
positions only.
3. Other qualifications will be assessed. For more details, please review the other qualifications
and conditions of employment document.
Please note that preference will be given to Canadian citizens. The Federal Court of Canada is
committed to employment equity.
F.
THE APPLICATION
Candidates must provide the following materials on a set date in January.
1. a curriculum vitae [specify citizenship];
2. official transcripts of law school marks and copies of transcripts for all other post–secondary
studies;
3. three (3) letters of reference;
4. a letter explaining why the position is being sought (i.e. cover letter); and
5. one (1) sample of legal writing which the candidates have written themselves.
Only those selected for an interview will be contacted and at that time will be asked to
provide two (2) writing samples. All hiring will be completed by April 1, 2012.
Unsuccessful interviewees will be advised by April 1, 2012, or as soon as possible
thereafter.
G.
APPLICATION AND INTERVIEW ADVICE FROM
UWO STUDENTS, CLERKS, PROFESSORS AND
VISITING JUDGES
Applications and Interviews

Do not be discouraged if you do not get a position after 2nd year. The clerkship
application process is extremely competitive and it is not uncommon to see SCC
clerks who have recently been called to the bar or who are lawyers who have been in
practice for a few years. Because the SCC is very competitive and marks are the
easiest way to narrow the applicant pool, strong academics are very important. Your
best references will come from professors who can comment on your research and
writing skills. If possible, have something you can show the judge, such as a legal
paper, case comment, or article. – Wendy Adams, Professor and Former SCC Clerk
(Oct/99)

The SCC is looking for someone with good marks (strong B+ average), experience,
and reference letters. The reference letters should be academic. This does not
necessarily mean you have to get letters from law professors only. For example,
well–known political science professors or constitutional scholars are very good
references. References from former non–academic employers and law firms are
less relevant. Keep in mind that interviewers want you to do well. You should be
prepared − know your CV, re–read any relevant articles, legal papers, or cases. –
Richard Gold, Professor and Former SCC Clerk (Oct/98)

Draft your cover letter and résumé specifically for the clerkship application process,
focussing on research and writing skills as well as your community interests. I had
interviews with the SCC and with law firms. The SCC seems interested in you as a
full individual (e.g. what does law mean to you, what issues are you interested in,
etc). I found it very helpful to consult with professors when I was preparing my
application.
References make ALL the difference so make sure you have
established relationships with professors. Also make sure you do not see your
reference letters – they have more value that way. The SCC is not generally looking
for one–dimensional people. Good marks and good writing skills are not necessarily
enough. The Court looks for community mindedness as well. Therefore, you should
keep up your extra–curriculars while you are in law school. UWO Grad and 1999/00
SCC Clerk (Oct/98)

The interviews are generally 30 minutes each and are conducted by the judges
individually. They are scheduled consecutively; therefore, if you have more than
one, be prepared to interview without a break. Each judge has a very different
interview style. Some will ask substantive questions while others do not. Some will
engage you in a debate about judicial activism. It’s not a bad idea to have a case in
mind that you are interested in and knowledgeable about and offer it up for
discussion. Former UWO Student and 2000/01 SCC Clerk (Oct/99)
FEDERAL COURT & FEDERAL COURT OF APPEAL
A.
INTRODUCTION
The Federal Court [Trial Division] and the Federal Court of Appeal are national and
bilingual Courts. Judges of the Courts travel extensively as they sit in every province.
There are normally 44 clerkships available: 12 clerks are hired for the Federal Court of
Appeal and 32 for the Federal Court. Each judge of the Court, except for those who
have elected supernumerary status, has a law clerk.
The Law Society of Upper Canada recognizes these one–year contract positions as
fulfilling the articling requirement. Other provinces may give partial credit to clerking to
satisfy articling requirements. Candidates should verify this with the law society of the
jurisdiction in which they will seek admission to practice.
Law clerks for the Federal Court and the Federal Court of Appeal will begin their terms
on Tuesday, August 7, 2012.
The Appeal Division serves as the following:
 Appellate body of the Trial Division of the Federal Court of Canada;
 Appellate body of the Tax Court of Canada; and
 Court of original jurisdiction for judicial review applications of federal boards such as
the Canadian Labour Relations Board, the Canadian Radio−Television and
Telecommunications Commission, and the Human Rights Commission of Canada.
The Trial Division deals with matters (other than tax) that fall under federal jurisdiction.
This includes the following areas of law:








intellectual property law (patent, copyright, and trademark);
admiralty law;
refugee and immigration law;
aboriginal law;
human rights law;
constitutional law;
Crown liability (concurrent jurisdiction with Superior Court of Justice); and
Reviews of federal minister decisions.
Completed applications must be received by the deadline set by the Federal Court
(typically in January).
B.
SALARY AND BENEFITS







C.
Salary - $55, 102 per annum.
Vacation – 3 weeks (15 working days)
Sick leave entitlement – sick leave entitlement is credited at the rate of 1.25 days per
month.
Volunteer leave – 1 day per fiscal year.
Personal leave – 1 day per fiscal year.
Benefits –
o Dental Plan (premiums presently covered by employer);
o Public Service Health Care Plan (optional – employee and employer contribute);
o Long Term Disability Insurance (mandatory);
o Death Benefits (mandatory); and
o Superannuation Plan (mandatory).
Relocation allowance – taxable lump sum allowance based on the distance of relocation
and the number of dependants. The allowance is also payable at the end of the clerkship
term under certain conditions.
DUTIES
Under the direction of the Judges to whom they have assigned, law clerks research points of law,
prepare legal memoranda, edit judgments and assist in the preparation of speeches and papers
for presentation by a judge. At the Federal Court, law clerks also assist the Prothonotaries. The
areas of law to which the law clerks are exposed include administrative law, Crown liability,
intellectual property, admiralty, immigration, income tax, human rights, aboriginal and
environment law.
D.
CAREER PROSPECTS
The Federal Court of Canada literature refers to the success its law clerk programme participants
have had in securing employment after their call to the bar. While the majority are now counsel at
major law firms in Canada and abroad or with the Federal Department of Justice or other
agencies, others are counsel with various organizations such as the Canadian Medical
Association, Stentor Telecom Policy Inc., Mutual Life Assurance Co. and Superior Propane Inc.
Some have become law professors while others have become provincial Crown Attorneys.
Finally, some are with the United Nations and Foreign Affairs.
Following completion of the one−year clerkship term, law clerks are permitted to take 12 months
leave without pay. During this period, the law clerks remain eligible to apply for legal advisory
and other positions open only to employees of the Federal Public Service.
E.
QUALIFICATIONS
1. Bachelor of Laws or Juris Doctor or other law degree from a recognized Canadian Law school
or equivalent;
2. Language requirements vary according to the position. Proficiency in one of the official
languages is mandatory. Proficiency in the other official language is required for certain positions
only.
3. Other qualifications will be assessed. For more details, please review the other qualifications
and conditions of employment document.
Please note that preference will be given to Canadian citizens. The Federal Court of Canada is
committed to employment equity.
F.
THE APPLICATION
Candidates must provide the following materials by date typically set in January.
1. a curriculum vitae [specify citizenship];
2. official transcripts of law school marks and copies of transcripts for all other post–
secondary studies;
3. three (3) letters of reference;
4. a letter explaining why the position is being sought (i.e. cover letter); and
5. one (1) sample of legal writing which the candidates have written themselves.
An application will be considered provided the documents over which the student has control
(curriculum vitae, letter of explanation and writing samples) are filed by the deadline. Official
transcripts and letters of reference which will be sent directly to the Court may follow; however,
the student should indicate in the cover letter that arrangements have been made for them to be
sent to the Court.
If you are applying to both the Appeal and Trial Divisions, you only need to submit one
application, as applications will automatically be considered for both Courts unless
indicated otherwise.
G.
INTERVIEWS
Interviews will take place between February and May 2012 and are conducted by judges of the
Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court, either at the law school or at the Court’s local
office closest to the law school.
The selection process is usually completed by the middle of June in conjunction with most of the
Ottawa firms that hire articling students. However, where there are new judicial appointments to
the Court, interviews may be held at any time. Additional clerks may be hired right up to the time
the clerkship term begins. Students should note that these additional positions are not always
advertised; therefore, interested candidates should ensure they inform the Court of their
continued interest.
Only those applicants selected for an interview will be contacted.
H.
APPLICATION AND INTERVIEW ADVICE FROM UWO STUDENTS, CLERKS,
PROFESSORS, AND VISITING JUDGES
The interview tends to be informal. The judges want to discover what kind of person you are,
your interests, and your ability to interact with others. – Lemieux J. (Oct/99)
For more information you may also visit the following websites:
Federal Court of Appeal www.fca-caf.gc.ca
Federal Court www.fct-cf.gc.ca
Courts Administration Service at www.cas-satj.gc.ca
TAX COURT OF CANADA
A.
INTRODUCTION
There are approximately 12 clerkships available with the Tax Court of Canada in Ottawa. This
number changes depending on operational requirements. Unlike other courts, students are not
assigned to any particular judge.
However, discussion and interaction with the judges is
encouraged, and generally the judges have an open door policy.
The provincial law societies generally recognize articling at the Tax Court of Canada as fulfilling
all or part of their articling requirements. The Law Society of Upper Canada recognizes it in full.
However, it is the responsibility of the applicants to confirm this with the law society in question.
Currently, there are approximately 25 judges at the Tax Court of Canada. The Tax Court of
Canada deals with disputes between individuals and the Crown arising under the Tax Court of
Canada Act or any other act under which the Court has original jurisdiction.
As described in its literature, the Tax Court of Canada offers Canadians the following:





an independent review of Canada Customs and Revenue Agency (CCRA)
decisions;
an independent review of applications for extensions of the time for appealing to
the TCC or the Federal Court of Canada;
at the CCRA’s request, the interpretation of legislation within the TCC’s fields of
jurisdiction;
the awarding to parties of legal costs arising out of court proceedings; and
the provision of information and documents on appeals before the Court and on
its past decisions.
Although the focus of the Court is on tax law, cases that come before the Court may
involve other areas of law such as corporate and commercial, family, constitutional,
contracts, trusts and estates law, among others.
Law clerks are generally hired on a determinate basis for a period of 12 consecutive
months.
Completed applications must be sent directly to the Tax Court of Canada and
received by their deadline. Note that the applications must be sent directly to the
Court, NOT to the Career Services Office.
B.
SALARY AND BENEFITS
The salary includes an offer of a comprehensive benefits plan.
C.
DUTIES
The majority of the workload consists of:
 preparing legal opinion of fact and law prior to the hearing of a case as
well as following the hearing of a case;
 researching specific legal questions; and
 reviewing, editing, and commenting on draft reasons for judgment.
The majority of files that the law clerks work on are appeals arising under the Income
Tax Act and Part IX of the Excise Tax Act (GST).
The clerks are usually not assigned to work for any one judge; rather, each judge decides
whether he or she requires the assistance of a clerk. The clerk co–coordinator ensures there is
an even workload among the clerks. When assigned to a file, a clerk usually works with a judge
on that file until it is closed, which may often take up to 9 months.
D.
CAREER PROSPECTS
Following their clerkship, many law clerks have great success moving into the tax
practice of a traditional law firm, the Department of Justice or the Department of
Finance. Because of the specialized knowledge they gain during their clerkship, law
clerks often excel in tax litigation.
E.
QUALIFICATIONS
1. Graduation from a recognized Canadian law school or a law degree recognized
by a provincial law society; Alternately, the candidate must have a law degree
from a university outside of Canada, together with a Certificate of Qualification
issued by the National Committee on Accreditation
2. Good cumulative grade point average in courses pursued towards a law degree;
3. Interest and proficiency in tax law and commercial transactions;
4. Introductory course in tax law and at least one additional course in tax law such
as international taxation or corporate tax prior to graduation;
5. Proficiency in both official languages is an asset but proficiency in English or
French is required. Some positions will be designated as bilingual (CBB);
6. Preference will be given to Canadian citizens.
F.
THE APPLICATION
Candidates must forward the following typically in December.
1. a cover letter
2. a résumé;
3. official transcripts of law marks and copies of all other marks obtained in post–secondary
studies; and
4. a list of three (3) persons, including: a) a senior professor of your law faculty; b) a professor
who has taught you at least one course in tax law, and c) one other person. These
individuals will be forwarding references on your behalf.
Letters of reference must attest to the candidate’s qualifications regarding reliability,
discretion, effective interpersonal skills and judgment. It should be noted that each letter
of reference does not have to attest to all the qualifications provided that all the
qualifications are addressed in one or more of the letters of reference.
It is recognized that transcripts and letters of reference that must be sent directly to the
Court may follow. However, this information must be included in the cover letter.
Candidates invited to a second interview will also be required to provide one (1) sample
of legal writing that the candidates have written themselves.
Please note that the letters of reference and transcripts will not be returned.
Preference is to communicate with candidates by e-mail. Therefore, you must include in
your application a valid e-mail address that is functional at all times and accepts
messages from unknown users.
The TCC adheres to the principle of employment equity.
Incomplete or late applications will not be considered.
G.
INTERVIEWS
A preliminary screening of applications will be done to determine which applicants will be
invited for a first interview.
The first interview normally takes place in the city where the applicant is attending law school and
is conducted by a judge of the Court. The first interview will be conducted between the end of
January and mid February.
In the event that applicants are required to travel to attend an interview, travel expenses
may be authorized in accordance with Treasury Board guidelines.
A second interview, for those who are invited, will take place in Ottawa during the month
of March. This interview will be conducted by a panel of judges who are members of the
Law Clerk Committee. The results are usually communicated by telephone within the
following weeks after the conclusion of the second interviews.
Candidates are required to provide the interview panel with a sample of their writing.
H.
FURTHER INFORMATION
You are also welcome to visit the following Websites:
Tax Court of Canada:
www.tcc-cci.gc.ca/lawclerk_e.htm
Courts Administration Service:
www.cas-satj.gc.ca.
NOTE
Certain law societies recognize the service of the law clerks as fulfilling all or part of their
articling requirements. Candidates should verify this with the law society of the
jurisdiction in which they will seek admission to practice.
A pool of qualified candidates may be established as a result of this selection process.
The Public Service of Canada is committed to building a skilled, diverse workforce
reflective of Canadian society. As a result, it promotes employment equity and
encourages you to indicate voluntarily on your application if you are a woman, an
Aboriginal person, a person with a disability or a member of a visible minority group.
The Public Service of Canada is also committed to developing inclusive, barrier-free
selection processes and work environments. If contacted in relation to a job opportunity
or testing (including interview), you should advise us in a timely fashion of the
accommodation measures which must be taken to enable you to be assessed in a fair
and equitable manner. Information received relating to accommodation measures will be
addressed confidentially.
STATEMENT OF MERIT CRITERIA
At the time of appointment candidates must have a law degree from a Canadian
university. Alternately, the candidate must have a law degree from a university outside of
Canada, together with a Certificate of Qualification issued by the National Committee on
Accreditation.
Good cumulative grade point average in courses pursued towards law degree. Interest
in tax law and commercial transactions. Successful completion of an introductory course
in tax law and at least one additional advanced course in tax law such as international
taxation or corporate tax prior to graduation.
ESSENTIAL QUALIFICATIONS







Ability to conduct research
Ability to analyze legal principles and/or legal problems from a variety of
perspectives.
Ability to effectively communicate orally and in writing.
Reliability.
Discretion.
Effective Interpersonal Skills.
Judgment.
Official Language Proficiency: Various language Requirements
Other Official Language Information: English or French Essential
Bilingual Imperative CBB/CBB
ASSET QUALIFICATIONS


Master’s degree in law, taxation, economics, business administration, etc.
Experience working in a legal environment. A law degree in both common law
and civil law.
CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT:
SECURITY:
 Reliability Status
 Willing and able to work flexible hours.
OTHER CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT:
Preference will be given to Canadian citizens.
Incomplete or late applications will not be considered.
In support of our goal to achieve a diversified workforce and employment equity, selection criteria
may include self-identification of candidates as belonging to one of the following
Employment Equity groups: Aboriginal people, Persons with a Disability, Visible
Minorities and Women.
APPLICATION AND INTERVIEW ADVICE FROM UWO STUDENTS, CLERKS, PROFESSORS,
AND VISITING JUDGES

The Court primarily hears cases pertaining to income tax, GST, and employment
insurance. It also hears Canadian Pension Plan, Export/Import, and extension of
time cases. Sittings are held throughout the country and the Court also has its own
facilities in major cities (including London).
Where it doesn’t, it uses
federal/provincial facilities. Although students can attend sittings outside Ottawa,
they must do so at their own [financial] cost. – Rip J. (Oct/99)

Qualities the Tax Court looks for include the following: ability to get along with
people, good academics, prepared to work, interested in tax, and solid grounding in
law. A background in accounting can be helpful but the Court’s focus is on open–
mindedness and a varied background (e.g. in undergrad). These qualities are
sought because the Court hears a variety of cases. Often, an income tax case will
involve real estate or trusts law issues. Some judges in fact do not prefer candidates
with an accounting background because of their tendency to approach tax law from a
business perspective rather than a legal one. Although a specialization in tax is not
required, students in Western’s Tax Concentration Program have a definite
advantage. – Rip J. (Oct/99)

If you are in the Tax Concentration Program, indicate this in your cover letter or
reference letter. Also specify what the program entails (how many and what types of
tax courses you are required to take, etc.). The Court is interested in candidates
who know tax case law – Western offers a whole course devoted to this subject. –
UWO Grad and 1999/00 Clerk (April/99)

Interviews tend to be informal; often, you are asked to discuss a tax case of interest
to you. – Rip J. (Oct/99)

My interview was scheduled with 5 judges and the administrator of the clerking
program. It lasted 30 minutes. The administrator had some input but did not ask
questions. The Court was interviewing 20 people in 2 days; therefore, the schedule
was tight. Each judge asked some questions. Priority seemed to be placed on
bilingualism, work experience, and the fact that I was interested in tax. There were
some substantive questions. I was asked if I had read any interesting cases lately,
and was also asked what I thought about a case pertaining to a controversial
provision in the Income Tax Act (the general anti avoidance rule). I believe it was
important to my success that I answered questions honestly from a position that I
believed was correct, even though one of the judges disagreed with me. I would not
recommend taking a very aggressive stance, but I believe it is important to state an
educated and well thought opinion. Don’t be afraid to tell your interviewers exactly
what you want; there is nothing wrong with politely and professionally communicating
your expectations and wants. – UWO Grad and 1999/00 Clerk (April/99)
COURT OF APPEAL FOR ONTARIO
A.
INTRODUCTION
There are up to 17 clerkships available and the Law Society of Upper Canada
recognizes these as fulfilling the articling requirement.
The Court of Appeal for Ontario is located in historic Osgoode Hall in downtown Toronto.
The Court is comprised of 24 judges who hear over 1500 civil and criminal appeals each
year. These appeals relate to a wide variety of issues including commercial,
administrative, family, criminal, and Charter law issues. The Court also hears various
young offender proceedings in addition to appeals argued by inmates in Toronto and
Kingston. In 98% of cases, the Court of Appeal is the last avenue of appeal for litigants
in the province.
Clerks are given the option of starting their clerkships either at the beginning of August
or just after Labour Day. All clerks are required to stay to the end of June and
encouraged to stay for the duration of their 12-month contracts.
B.
SALARY AND BENEFITS
The Court of Appeal for Ontario is comparable to other clerkship and government
articling positions.
C.
DUTIES
Each law clerk is assigned two rotations. During those rotations each clerk works with one or two
judges. Close exposure to a variety of judges ensures a wide range of experiences and enables
clerks to benefit from the knowledge and perspectives of several members of the Court.
Law clerks’ tasks can vary from judge to judge and include the following:
 preparing bench memos summarizing facts, issues and arguments for judges prior to
the hearing;
 engaging in pre− and post−hearing legal research in diverse areas of law;
 critically appraising complex legal arguments;
 editing draft judgments;
 attending hearings and having the chance to observe outstanding advocates; and
 discussing cases with judges.
Law clerks’ work with their individual judges is supplemented by activities and
responsibilities shared among the clerks. These additional responsibilities include
organizing a seminar series, in which members of the judiciary, prominent lawyers and
other members of the legal community are invited to discuss various topics with all of the
law clerks. All clerks are given the opportunity to travel to Kingston to assist judges in
the hearing of appeals brought by unrepresented prison inmates.
D.
CAREER PROSPECTS
In the Court’s brochure, the clerkship experience is described as one that equips law
clerks with skills and insights that enable them to follow one of numerous career paths.
Because the judges of the Court come from a variety of legal backgrounds, they are also
able to provide valuable advice and support to clerks in their employment search.
Former clerks are now pursuing successful careers in diverse areas, such as the
following:








E.
Criminal Defence
Crown Prosecution
Academia
Politics
Corporate and Securities Law in Canada and the US
Civil Litigation
International affairs
Foreign Service
QUALIFICATIONS
The Court seeks applicants who are personable, well-rounded and who have strong academic
credentials. In addition, solid research, writing and analytical skills are important, as is the ability
to work well with judges and other staff. Bilingualism is an asset but is not required for most
positions. Applicants must be in their final two years of law school.
F.
THE APPLICATION
All application material must be received by the court by date typically set in January.
All prospective candidates are required to submit the following as part of their
application:
1. a cover letter
2. a current curriculum vitae;
3. official transcripts of all university marks (photocopies of official transcripts are
acceptable);
4. two letters of reference (at least one from a law professor); and
5. one legal writing sample (do not submit a moot factum).
Applicants are also invited to contact current articling students at the Courts if they have
any questions. Names and contact information of current articling students may be
obtained from the Courts’ brochure, or the posters. For further information, applicants
are invited to visit the Court’s web site at http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/.
Travel Expenses to interviews in Toronto will be reimbursed up to $100.00 for those
travelling from within Ontario and up to $200.00 for those travelling from outside of the
province of Ontario. Complete a travel expense claim form when attending the Court for
interviews.
G.
INTERVIEWS
Clerkship interviews are typically in late February.
H.
APPLICATION AND INTERVIEW ADVICE FROM UWO STUDENTS,
CLERKS, PROFESSORS, AND VISITING JUDGES

The Court’s Frequently Asked Questions page, provides some excellent
information on the application and interview portions of the process –
http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/coa/en/lawclerkprogram/faq.htm

The Court of Appeal processes a lot more cases than the SCC (approx. ten times
the caseload of the SCC). It also acts very much as a “gatekeeper” versus the
SCC which makes policy for the country. By gatekeeper, I mean it functions to
prevent the floodgates from opening based on decisions of the SCC. The Court
of Appeal is an intermediate appellate court and the highest court in Ontario and,
therefore, it does set the policy for Ontario. The Court also tends to be more
practical. A number of the judges have backgrounds in business law as
compared to those of the SCC who may have more academic backgrounds. The
Court of Appeal generally does not have discretion to decide whether to hear
cases as the SCC does. – Richard Gold, Professor and Former Ont.C.A. Clerk
(Feb/99)

Although it is not a 9−5 job, the work schedule is manageable. My typical
workday was from 8:30−6:30. − UWO Grad and 1999/00 Clerk (Oct/99)

Clerks will tend to learn a lot more about advocacy at the Ont.C.A. than at the
SCC. At the Ont.C.A., clerks will see more facta and hear more arguments, both
good and bad. – Richard Gold, Professor and Former Clerk of the Ont.C.A. and
S.C.C. (Feb/99)

The clerks review appeals that the judges think will be “troublesome” and the
judges generally look to the clerks for criticism of judgments. As to the work
atmosphere, it is excellent – it is collegial and informal and doors are open for
discussion on a regular basis. This year, the judges also organized a mock
appeal for all interested clerks to give them advocacy experience and immediate
feedback. − O’Connor J.A. (Oct/99)

Aside from the typical responsibilities, clerks also spend a limited amount of time
engaging in recruiting, organizing desk books, and giving tours of the Court. The
offices of the clerks are separated from the offices of the judges. Generally,
clerks keep a suit in the office but otherwise dress casually. − UWO Grad and
1998/99 Clerk (Nov/98)

The Court looks for excellent writing, analytical, and problem solving skills. Any
experience that demonstrates these skills is valued (e.g. research assistant) –
UWO Grad and 1998/99 Clerk

Interviews are very short – each is scheduled for about ½ hour. The interview
lasts about 20 minutes (maximum) and the interviewers use the last 10 minutes
to review without the candidate present. There will usually be two judges and
one law clerk conducting the interview. They will have your résumé, transcripts,
and writing sample with them. You should be very familiar with your writing
sample and it is possible that you may be questioned on it. The interviewers
typically do not ask substantive questions. This is the only interview before a
decision is made. It is important to be yourself. Judges expect integrity and
honesty; therefore, reflect these qualities in your answers. You should answer
questions with certainty, conveying the impression that you will be clerking (i.e.
after clerking, I plan to do X, Y, and Z). The Court usually selects one or more
clerks from each of the Ontario law schools. If you have interviewed with the
SCC, the Ont.C.A. will extend the time of the offer until you find out whether or
not you have received a SCC clerkship offer. This was not done in the past. –
Richard Gold, Professor and Former Ont.C.A. Clerk (Feb/99)

Some typical questions include:
 Why do you want to clerk? This is one of the key interview questions and
telling them it will look good on your résumé is not a good answer. You
should convey your enthusiasm about clerking and your passion for the law
clearly.
 What do you plan to do after clerking/articling? What are your goals? Have
you applied to any other courts? What will you do if you are offered a
position by the Supreme Court of Canada, Federal Court of Canada, etc.?
 Why do you want to clerk at the Ontario Court of Appeal? You should have
an understanding of what the Court does when you answer this question –
articulate this or have it in mind when you give an answer. You should also
read the literature available on the work of the Court. − Richard Gold,
Professor and Former Ont.C.A. Clerk (Feb/99)
Comments on Career Prospects

Hiring record is excellent. At Borden & Elliot (where Justice O’Connor was a
former partner), clerking was considered an advantage. Judges also feel it is
important to assist clerks in obtaining a job. It is also common to see clerks who
summer at law firms between their second and third year of law school and then
return to those firms after finishing clerkship. For students who are interested in
litigation, clerkship is a definite advantage because it offers a unique opportunity
to learn and anticipate what judges think about written and oral advocacy
approaches. − O’Connor J.A (Oct/99)

Jobs are not a big concern. Clerks who summered at law firms between second
and third year of law school generally have the option of going back to the law
firms they worked for. Clerks seem to pursue a wide variety of career paths,
including private practice in Canada or the U.S., graduate studies, and business.
Boutique litigation firms tend to look very favourably upon Court of Appeal clerks.
– UWO Grad and 1998/99 Clerk and (Nov/98).
ONTARIO SUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICE
ONTARIO SUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICE – DIVISIONAL COURT
A.
INTRODUCTION
There are approximately 22 clerkships available and the Law Society of Upper Canada
recognizes these one–year contract positions as fulfilling the articling requirement. Two
clerkship positions are with the Superior Court of Justice – Divisional Court. Interested
students should refer to the next section to learn more about these positions.
Completed applications must be received by deadline specified by the Superior Court of
Justice.
B.
SALARY AND BENEFITS
Salary and benefits are the same from region to region. Law clerks are contract
employees of the Ministry of the Attorney General and are represented by the
Association of Law Officers of the Crown (ALOC). Benefits include vacation pay,
statutory holiday pay, 4% pay in lieu of benefits, paid sick days and an educational
stipend. Law clerks are also included in the Ministry of the Attorney General hireback
pool and may apply for internal counsel positions after clerking and completion of bar
admission.
C.
DUTIES
Successful candidates will work closely with judges and become involved in many
aspects of the civil and criminal trial process. Law clerks are encouraged to attend trials,
civil motions court, jury selections, sentencing hearings, case conferences, bankruptcy
hearings, summary conviction appeals, and family court. The duties of clerks include the
following:
 providing judges with oral opinions and written memoranda of law on a broad range
of legal topics;
 reviewing pleadings;
 preparing case summaries;
 assisting in drafting jury charges; and
 editing judgments.
Law clerks may also be invited to assist judges in preparing scholarly work, speeches
and presentations on law–related topics.
In Toronto, for each three or four month period at the Court, each law clerk is typically
assigned to work for eight to ten full-time and supernumerary judges. The judges
themselves are assigned to various rotations, including family, criminal, commercial, and
civil.
In Brampton, Hamilton, London, Newmarket, Ottawa, Sudbury, Thunder Bay and
Windsor, the clerks provide assistance to all of the judges sitting in the region. These
clerks are exposed to diverse areas of the law and have the opportunity to develop
year–long working relationships with the judges in their region.
All law clerks attend educational seminars throughout the year in which judges and
senior counsel are invited to engage in informal discussions with the clerks. The clerks
participate in selecting the speakers to be invited and the topics to be discussed. Law
clerks have also traditionally been invited to attend judges’ conferences and training is
provided to clerks during an initial two-day orientation session.
The Divisional Court clerks in Toronto provide legal research to the judges assigned to
the Divisional Court and prepare pre–hearing bench memoranda. The Divisional Court
clerkship appeals most to those who have a strong interest in administrative, labour,
constitutional, judicial review and appellate legal issues.
The Divisional Court is the main forum for legal challenges to government action. High
profile cases include the same-sex marriage case, school closing cases across the
province, a case challenging the “zero tolerance” regime for doctors who sexually abuse
patients, the Polewsky case dealing with small claims court fees, and a variety of
important environmental cases.
D.
LOCATIONS
* Students interested in clerking at the Superior Court of Justice, but not
specifically the Divisional Court, may apply for one of the 22 positions referred to
in the separate Court advertisement. Candidates may apply for both Superior
Court of Justice and Divisional Court positions. If applying for both, please
submit only one application but clearly indicate which positions you are applying
for and your order of preference.
Website Links:
http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/scj/en/lawclerkprogram/articling.htm
http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/scj/en/lawclerkprogram/articlingdiv.htm
There are approximately 10 positions available in Toronto, and a total of approximately
12 positions in the following centres:
Brampton (2),
Hamilton (2),
London (1),
Newmarket (2),
Ottawa (2),
Sudbury (1)
Thunder Bay (1) and
Windsor (1),
If applying for more than one location, candidates must indicate in their cover letters
the order of their preferred locations. **If applying for a Divisional Court position
(see
separate
job
advertisement:
http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/scj/en/lawclerkprogram/articlingdiv.htm),
candidates
must indicate their order of preference between Superior Court position(s) and the
Divisional Court position.
Candidates may apply for both the Superior Court of Justice and Superior Court of
Justice – Divisional Court positions. If applying to both the Superior Court of Justice and
Superior Court of Justice – Divisional Court, submit one application only that clearly
indicates you are applying to both and your order of preference.
While the majority of the Court’s work is done in English, qualified clerks have the opportunity to
work on cases heard in French. Candidates applying for the position in Ottawa must be fluent in
spoken and written French and English.
Clerks in Toronto enjoy offices downtown on the sixth floor of the court house at 361
University Avenue, adjacent to the Judges’ Library and the Law Society’s Great Library
in historic Osgoode Hall. In the other regions, clerks maintain offices inside the regional
court houses and have access to both local law libraries and, with the assistance of the
Toronto law clerks, the Toronto law libraries. Each clerk is equipped with internet and
Quicklaw access, and current computer equipment and software.
E.
CAREER PROSPECTS
Clerks recommended for inclusion in the Ministry Hire–Back pool are eligible to apply for
restricted Crown Counsel Positions for one year following completion of the Licensing
process.
F.
QUALIFICATIONS
The Court seeks applicants who possess strong academic records, excellent legal research and
writing skills, and the ability to produce high–quality work under strict deadlines. One of the 2
positions in Ottawa must be fluent in spoken and written English and French. Bilingualism is an
asset in the other regions. Some travel may be required for clerks working in regions outside
Toronto.
G.
THE APPLICATION
Please submit the following in triplicate by the deadline typically late January. The
Court does not accept applications by email or by fax:
1. a covering letter indicating your preferred court location (or the order of preference if
you are applying for more than one location);
2. a current curriculum vitae;
3. official or photocopied transcripts of all university marks, including first semester of
second year law;
4. one legal writing sample (maximum 15 pages); and
5. two letters of reference referring to your legal research and communication skills.
For more information about the application process and the clerking program go to
http://www.ontariocourts.on.ca/scj/en/lawclerkprogram/articling.htm
H.
INTERVIEWS
Interviews will take place in February/March 2012 either in person or, where necessary, by
conference call. The Court does not pay travel costs to attend interviews. Note that law clerks
are contract employees of the Ministry of the Attorney General.
I.
APPLICATION AND INTERVIEW ADVICE FROM UWO STUDENTS, CLERKS,
PROFESSORS, AND VISITING JUDGES

Offers an unparalleled opportunity to observe advocacy, especially given there
are fewer opportunities now available to students and junior lawyers to observe
courtroom proceedings. Clerking also gives you the opportunity to know what
judges think and how they perceive different arguments. Clerks outside Toronto
work for a large number of judges and must be fairly organized and independent.
– Leitch J. (Oct/99)

How busy you are depends a lot on which judges are sitting. You can definitely
have a life outside work. – 1998/99 Clerk (Oct/99)

At least half of the interview questions are about substantive points of law and
your research abilities.
o E.G. What is the best way to find the Airspace Act for New Brunswick?
You must also be able to articulate yourself well and persuade effectively.
– 1998/99 Clerk (Oct/99)
B.C. COURT OF APPEAL
B.C. SUPREME COURT
A.
INTRODUCTION
The British Columbia Judicial Law Clerk Program was established in 1973. One of the original
aims of the program was to improve the quality of advocacy in the province. Since that time it
has fulfilled its original mandate and has continued to expand its objectives.
There are approximately 20-30 clerkships available for the two federally appointed courts. The
Court of Appeal generally employs slightly fewer clerks than the Supreme Court. Most of the
Supreme Court clerks will be stationed in Vancouver, though 2-3 clerks will be located in each of
Victoria and New Westminster. Most Court of Appeal clerkships are for 10 months (September
through June), although some spaces are available for 11 or 12–month clerkships. The Supreme
Court clerkships are for 12 months (September through August).
The time spent as a law clerk partially fulfills the articling requirements for call and
admission to the Law Society of B.C. After completing the clerkship, students must
apply to the Law Society for a reduction of the articling period. Law clerks typically
complete their articling requirements with a law firm, the Ministry of the Attorney General
or the Department of Justice. All of these employers support participation in the Judicial
Law Clerk Program. Generally speaking, the time frame for admission to the bar for
students who have been law clerks in B.C. is 18 to 22 ½ months following graduation
from law school.
Completed applications must be received by the deadline specified by the Courts.
Note that the applications must be sent directly to the Courts, NOT to the Career
Services Office.
B.
SALARY AND BENEFITS
Law clerks with the British Columbia courts are auxiliary employees of the provincial
Ministry of the Attorney General. The salary for the law clerk position is comparable to
the salary of articling students with the Ministry, and includes a payment in lieu of
benefits.
C.
DUTIES
Each law clerk's experience differs according to the judges to whom the clerk is
assigned, the cases before the courts, and the law clerk's own level of curiosity and
initiative. Nevertheless, the primary role of law clerks, at both the Court of Appeal and
the Supreme Court, is to provide assistance to judges in a variety of ways, including
conducting legal research, preparing written memoranda, and editing and proofreading
judgments. As time and workloads permit, law clerks are encouraged to observe court
proceedings, including trials, appeals and chambers hearings. Law clerks have the
unique opportunity to engage in discussion with judges about cases they are hearing,
developments in the law, aspects of the trial or appellate process, and the judicial
process in general.
Throughout the clerkship term, judges and other judicial officers conduct informal
seminars on topics of the law clerks' choice. There is a chambers program in which law
clerks may attend Supreme Court Masters’ and Judges’ chambers. The law clerks are
given instruction in Supreme Court and Court of Appeal Registry procedures and visits
to the Provincial Court are arranged for those interested.
D.
QUALIFICATIONS
Applicants must hold a law degree from an accredited law school, be of good character
and be fit to become members of the bar of British Columbia. A criminal records check
will be conducted at the commencement of the clerkship term. Emphasis in hiring is
placed on academic excellence, legal research and writing skills, general motivation and
work experience. The ability to produce high quality work under strict deadlines is
required. Applications are not accepted from candidates who have been admitted to the
practice of law in any jurisdiction.
E.
THE APPLICATION
Candidates must forward the following by the deadline typically in January.
1.
2.
3.
4.
a covering letter;
a curriculum vitae;
official transcripts (or photocopy) of all undergraduate and law school marks; and
two letters of reference submitted on their behalf by the noted deadline. At least one of the
letters – and preferably both – should be from a law school professor. Referees should send
the confidential reference letters directly to the Judicial Law Clerk Program at the address
listed below. It sent by email, reference letters must be sent as Adobe PDF attachments
showing letterhead and signature. If submitted electronically, the reference letter need not
also be sent by regular mail.
Where possible, applicants should also provide a list of the courses in which they are
enrolled for the second term of second year, as well as a list of intended third year
courses.
Although not required to do so, an applicant may state a preference for a clerkship with
one of the courts in the covering letter. Writing samples are not required and should not
be submitted.
Those who accept a second interview for the program should be prepared to accept a
position if it is offered.
Submission of Application Packages
There are a number of ways to submit an Application Package. An applicant must
choose one method of the following. Please do not submit an Application Package
by more than one method.
The documents that make up an Application Package must be attached to a single
email, and the following standards apply:



The required documents must be sent as separate attachments
The size of the email cannot exceed 2MB
If an applicant wishes to receive a “read receipt”, the applicant’s email must be
sent with that option already selected
F.
INTERVIEWS
First Round of Interviews
Applicants who are selected for a first interview will be interviewed by the courts’ Law
Officers between late January 30 and mid-February. The interviews are conducted in
Vancouver at the Vancouver Law Courts, in Victoria at University of Victoria Law School,
and by telephone for out-of-town applicants.
Applicants who are interviewed will be asked to provide a recent, passport-sized, black
and white photograph. The photograph should be submitted electronically in a jpg format
to the Judicial Law Clerk Program at the email address provided for electronic
submissions when the first round interview is scheduled. File size cannot exceed 2MB.
Photographs are used after the first round of interviews as an aide-memoire of
candidates, and are given to the judges on the Law Clerk Committees in preparation for
the second round of interviews.
Second Round of Interviews
Applicants who are selected for a second interview will be interviewed by a panel of
judges who are members of the Law Clerks Committee for their respective courts. The
second interviews will take place in Vancouver, during March.
G.
MORE INFORMATION
Detailed information regarding the program, the application process and materials and a
list of frequently asked questions can be found here:
http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/about_the_courts/
If you have any other questions, please contact the Judicial Law Clerk Program by
email: judiciallawclerkprogram@courts.gov.bc.ca
COURT OF APPEAL OF ALBERTA
A.
INTRODUCTION
Each year, the Court of Appeal of Alberta invites applications for articling student
positions in Edmonton and Calgary. Court of Appeal of Alberta articling students gain
valuable insight into appellate reasoning and decision-making processes. Discussion
and interaction among students, justices and legal counsel is encouraged and there is,
generally, an open-door policy at the Court. During the course of their articling term with
the Court, students hone their legal research, analysis and writing skills and learn
valuable lessons in the art of advocacy by observing counsel in court. In fulfilling their
duties, students are exposed to many areas of the law, including: administrative,
constitutional, contract, corporate and commercial, criminal, employment, family, tort and
wills and estates law.
Students receive a comprehensive orientation to the Court of Appeal of Alberta and its
legal research resources at the commencement of their articles. Students also attend
numerous tours and seminars during their articling term with the Court. The tours and
seminars are designed to introduce students to the inner workings of the Alberta court
system and review a broad range of practice areas. Most of the tours and seminars are
presented by justices and other court officials.
Completed applications must be received by the deadline specified by the Court.
Note that the applications must be sent directly to the Court, NOT to the Career
Services Office.
B.
SALARY AND BENEFITS
Students are entitled to ten vacation days and up to fifteen sick leave days during their
articling term with the Court of Appeal of Alberta. They are also eligible to participate in
an Alberta government employee benefits program which includes: group life insurance,
extended medical benefits and accidental death and dismemberment insurance plans.
The Alberta government pays the students Law Society of Alberta application and
admission and CPLED program registration fees.
C.
DUTIES
Articling students review motion and appeal materials, research a broad range of legal
issues and prepare pre- and post-hearing memoranda of fact and law. They may also
be asked to review, edit and comment on draft reasons for judgments and/or assist
justices with speeches and academic papers and presentations. While articling with the
Court of Appeal of Alberta, students must complete the Law Society of Alberta's
Education Plan for a Student-at-Law Articled to a Judge. The Education Plan requires
students to: (i) observe various proceedings in the Provincial Court, the Court of Queen's
Bench and the Court of Appeal; and (ii) discuss the court proceedings they observe with
the presiding judge/justice, master, taxing officer or other court official and their principal,
whenever possible. Students are encouraged to complete the Canadian Centre for
Professional Legal Education (CPLED) program during their articling term with the Court.
Although articled to a single justice, students will have an opportunity to work with most,
if not all, of the justices of the Court of Appeal of Alberta. They are also encouraged to
seek information and advice from the Court's legal counsel and librarians. Students
have offices in the same areas as the justices and their staff. They have full access to
judicial libraries, the Alberta Law Society Libraries and many online legal research
resources.
D.
QUALIFICATIONS
Articling students must have a Canadian common law degree or an equivalent
qualification recognized by the Law Society of Alberta. The Court of Appeal of Alberta
seeks students of good character and reputation with strong academic records and welldeveloped legal research, analysis and writing skills. It hires individuals who are
motivated and demonstrate an ability to produce high quality work under strict deadlines.
Ideal candidates are good team players and capable of working well in a cooperative
and collaborative work environment.
E.
START DATE AND TERM OF EMPLOYMENT
In Edmonton, articling students commence their employment on June 1. If June 1 falls
on a weekend, employment starts the following Monday.
In Calgary, the start dates vary. Generally, some students commence their employment
at the beginning of June and some start at the beginning of August.
Students articled to a justice of the Court of Appeal of Alberta complete a ten-month
term with the Court. In order to be admitted to the Alberta bar, they must also complete a
five-month articling term with an Alberta lawyer.
F.
THE APPLICATION
Applications typically due at the end of November/beginning December.
Candidates must submit:
1. a cover letter;
2. a curriculum vitae;
3. all post-secondary transcripts;
4. one academic reference letter (which comments on the candidate’s legal
research, analysis and writing skills);
5. the names of, and contact information for, two additional referees; and
6. a legal writing sample, approximately five to fifteen pages.
Although an application package may include copies of post-secondary transcripts, if a
conditional offer of employment is received from the Court of Appeal of Alberta, official
transcripts must be provided.
The reference letter must be: (i) sent separately by the referee or (ii) included in the
application package in a sealed enveloped with the referee’s signature across the seal. If
an application package is submitted electronically, the reference letter must be sent
separately by the referee (via e-mail or regular mail).
Application packages should be marked “Articling Application”.
Those who wish to be considered for articling student positions in Edmonton and
Calgary must send separate application packages to each city and are encouraged to
indicate their preferred location in their cover letter.
G.
INTERVIEWS
Interviews will be conducted, by one Court of Appeal of Alberta justice and one legal
counsel in January. Early interviews may be conducted in late December for out-ofprovince candidates.
The Court does not pay interview travel expenses. Interviews typically last about twenty
minutes.
H.
FURTHER INFORMATION
For further information, please contact the Court of Appeal of Alberta's legal counsel
and/or current articling students.
COURT OF QUEEN’S BENCH OF ALBERTA
A.
INTRODUCTION
Each year, the Court of Queen’s Bench of Alberta offers five articling positions in
Calgary and five in Edmonton to students from any common law faculty in Canada. The
Court’s articling program offers a unique and valuable opportunity to acquire experience
in the fullest possible range of practice areas, to observe all manner of proceedings in
Court, and to hone research, analytical, and writing skills.
Successful candidates article for 10 consecutive months with the Court of Queen’s
Bench, followed by a five-month law firm article which the students must arrange. Court
articles in Edmonton commence in June. Articling start dates in Calgary are staggered.
Each student at the Court is articled to a Justice of the Court of Queen’s Bench and
receives further guidance and support from an assigned Legal Counsel advisor.
Principals are carefully selected with a view to students’ interests and backgrounds. The
Justices of the Court of Queen’s Bench and Legal Counsel are dedicated to ensuring
that the students’ experience with the Court is rewarding and valuable.
Completed applications must be received by the deadline specified by the Court.
Note that the applications must be sent directly to the Court, NOT to the Career
Services Office.
B.
DUTIES
Articling with the Court of Queen’s Bench provides a rare opportunity to participate in
and observe the administration of justice in Alberta from a unique perspective. Student
involvement in the process is active and direct. Students often review briefs prior to
hearings and attend applications and jury and non-jury trials. They are given the
opportunity to research, write and discuss cases with the presiding Justices as they
unfold. This allows students to learn directly from the Justices of the Court of Queen’s
Bench, something no other article in the province can offer. The articling program
exposes students to many areas of the law and virtually all aspects of the judicial
process. Students at the Court are encouraged to attend as many hearings, in as many
Courts, as time permits.
Legal Counsel to the Court of Queen’s Bench channel work to students in accordance
with their interests and with the aim of ensuring exposure to a broad range of practice
areas and to as many Justices as possible. Court students are valued as an important
resource, and the
Justices and Legal Counsel take their responsibilities to students very seriously.
Student workloads are carefully monitored to ensure not only that the work experience is
comprehensive and useful, but also that students have the time and resources to
address their CPLED requirements.
Students at the Court of Queen’s Bench have access to the judicial library, a
comprehensive law library for the exclusive use of Justices, Legal Counsel and Court
students. In addition, they have the support of the Court’s full-time librarian and
complete access to all major online legal resources.
As part of articling with the Court of Queen’s Bench, students are given the opportunity
to tour other facilities, including the Family and Youth, Criminal and Civil divisions of
Provincial Court, where they meet with Judges of the Provincial Court and attend
hearings and trials. Students also are given exposure to the Court of Appeal and are
encouraged to observe proceedings in that Court.
In addition to a comprehensive orientation from experienced Legal Counsel advisors and
Court librarians on commencement of their articles, our students have the unique
opportunity to attend a series of seminars given by Justices and Masters, covering a
broad range of practice areas. This opportunity to receive instruction and guidance
directly from Justices and Masters, in their fields of expertise, is not available in any nonCourt articling program.
C.
QUALIFICATIONS
Articling students must have a Canadian common law degree or an equivalent
qualification recognized by the Law Society of Alberta. The Court of Queen’s Bench of
Alberta seeks students of good character and reputation with strong academic records
and well-developed legal research, analysis and writing skills. It hires individuals who
are motivated and demonstrate an ability to produce high quality work under strict
deadlines. Ideal candidates are good team players and capable of working well in a
cooperative and collaborative work environment.
D.
START DATE AND TERM OF EMPLOYMENT
Successful candidates article for a total of 15 months, 10 consecutive months with the Court of
Queen's Bench followed by five months with a law firm. Students are required to make the
necessary arrangements for the completion of their articles with a law firm.
Articles usually commence at the beginning of June in Edmonton. Articling start dates in
Calgary are June 1 and August 1.
Life at the Court: The Court recognizes the importance of making students feel
comfortable and welcome. The Court environment is highly professional, but Legal
Counsel and Justices also make an effort to foster an environment of collegiality. A
number of less formal social events are hosted by Justices and Legal Counsel over the
course of the year. All students and Legal Counsel meet regularly to review and discuss
current assignments and other matters before the court. Justices frequently drop by to
discuss, in an informal caucus setting, particularly interesting or complex matters.
Students are encouraged to discuss legal issues among themselves and with Justices
and Legal Counsel.
Whether your interests lie in litigation, solicitors’ work or academia, the comprehensive
nature of the Court’s jurisdiction ensures valuable articles. The benefits to future
litigators are clear. However, our students work on litigation concerning commercial and
corporate matters that also are of interest to students intending to work as solicitors.
They work on insolvencies, estate matters, family law matters, tort claims, judicial
reviews and criminal cases. They observe and review evidence, research law, and are
called on to provide sophisticated legal analysis. Articling with the Court of Queen’s
Bench is stimulating and rewarding, and provides an excellent transition from law school
to practice.
E.
THE APPLICATION
Candidates must forward the following by the applicable deadline (LATE NOVEMBER/EARLY
DECEMBER) letter of application,
1. a curriculum vitae,
2. a transcript (or copy) of all university marks,
3. one academic reference letter which refers to your legal research and communication
skills, and the names of, and contact information for, two additional referees; and,
4. a brief ample of your legal writing.
NOTE: Those who wish to be considered for articling student positions in Edmonton and Calgary
must send separate application packages to each city.
The reference letter does not have to be sent under separate cover by the individual giving the
reference. It can be included with the rest of the materials sent by the applica
F.
FURTHER INFORMATION
You can visit the Court of Queen’s Bench’s Articling Program web page at
http://www.albertacourts.ab.ca
PROVINCIAL COURT OF ALBERTA
A.
INTRODUCTION
The Provincial Court of Alberta came into being in 1973 pursuant to the provisions of the
Provincial Court Act, SA 1971, c 86. However, the Court can trace its roots back to the
Canada Jurisdiction Act 1803 (UK), 43 George III, c 138. In 1873, Justices of the Peace
were appointed pursuant to an ordinance passed by the Territorial Council. The
Provincial Court has now grown from a court originally composed of lay magistrates, into
a full trial court of record with over 110 full-time sitting judges.
The Court sits in 74 locations in the province, and through a variety of provincial and
federal statutes, exercises extensive jurisdiction in criminal, civil, family, and youth
matters. Most of the residents of Alberta who have dealings with the judicial system find
themselves in the Provincial Court. The Court is very conscious of the fact that it is from
interaction with this Court that many people form their view of the administration of
justice in Alberta.
B. The Articling Program
Each student-at-law is assigned to an individual judge who is the student's principal.
While that judge may sit primarily in one division of the Court, the student is available to,
and encouraged to work with, all members of the Court in all three divisions - Civil,
Family/Youth and Criminal. It is through these relationships that the student articling with
the Provincial Court gains a unique insight into litigation from behind the bench.
The student and the principal work together to monitor the work experience of the
student so that at the end of the 10-month articling period a student will have enjoyed a
varied and balanced workload. The work assigned to a student-at-law will include
research and the writing of legal memoranda, attendance in court, file and evidence
organization, review and analysis of materials submitted by counsel, and meeting with
judges to analyze and discuss specific cases and issues. Students may also review, edit
or discuss draft judgments.
Students articling with the Provincial Court participate in a number of seminars and
discussions on topics of interest to prospective practicing lawyers. Arrangements are
made to ensure that articling students attend in the Provincial Court, Court of Queen’s
Bench, and the Court of Appeal, and meet with the presiding judges and justices as
required by the terms of the Law Society of Alberta’s Education Plan. Students are
provided with an orientation and the training necessary to effectively employ on-line and
other research resources including the Judicial Library. Students also work closely with
Provincial Court Legal Counsel.
Articling students will find the Provincial Court atmosphere to be collegial, team oriented,
and supportive. They will also find that articling with the Provincial Court provides them
with a unique opportunity to participate in the practical application of law, which they
have been studying for three years in law school. In short, the Provincial Court's articling
students will see the law in operation on the "front lines."
C. NUMBER & LOCATION OF STUDENTS
While each Judge of the Provincial Court of Alberta is permitted by statute to act as a
principal to a student-at-law, practical budgetary and personnel constraints limit the
number of articling positions which can be offered. Generally, three positions are offered
in Calgary and one is offered in Edmonton. In 2011/12, the Provincial Court was able to
welcome four in Calgary and one in Edmonton..
Judges in other base points of the Court (e.g., Lethbridge, Red Deer, etc.) may choose
to take on a student-at-law, and students interested in articling with the Court at a
location other than Calgary or Edmonton should not hesitate to express their interest.
D. TERM OF ARTICLE & START DATES
Under the terms of the Law Society of Alberta’s bar admission requirements, a
student articling with a court must article for ten months with that court and five
months in a non-court (private firm or government law practice) setting.
Students articling in Edmonton will start their article on June 1 of the year.
The start dates for students articling in Calgary can be adjusted to accommodate both
the student and the Court. Depending on the number of students, Calgary Provincial
Court may want to stagger student start dates. Two of the Calgary students for instance,
started their 2011/12 articling year on May 30, 2011 and two will start on July 4, 2011.
E. SALARY & BENEFITS
As of April 2010, the articling students’ biweekly salary was $1833.10. The Government
of Alberta pays Law Society of Alberta application and admission fees and the Canadian
Centre for Professional Legal Education (CPLED) registration fees.
Each articling student is provided with an office in the courthouse. Students are entitled
to 10 days of holidays over the course of the 10-month article, as well as up to 15 days
of sick leave. Students are eligible to participate in the Government of Alberta employee
benefits (medical, dental, life insurance) program.
F. QUALIFICATIONS & APPLICATION REQUIRMENTS
Any individual qualified for admission to the Law Society of Alberta as a student-at-law
may apply for a position as a student-at-law with the Provincial Court.
The application deadline is typically later November/early December.
Applicants must provide the following on or before the application deadline:
1. a cover letter,
2. a curriculum vitae,
3. a transcript of the applicant‘s law school marks for first year and the fall term of
second year,
4. three letters of reference (one of which must be an academic reference), and
5. a sample of the applicant‘s legal writing (e.g. a research paper written for a law
school course).
Offers of employment are conditional on the candidate passing a security screening.
Students, as new employees of the Government of Alberta, are required to swear an
oath of service and confidentiality, the text of which can be found at section 20 of the
Public Service Act, RSA 2000, c P-42.
G. HOW TO APPLY
Applicants must submit a “paper” application; electronic applications will not be
considered.
The Court must receive completed applications on or before the application
deadline. Note that applications must be sent or delivered directly to the Court at
the address(es) noted below, NOT to Government of Alberta human resources or
employment offices.
(UPDATED INFORMATION FOR COURTS IN OTHER CANADIAN PROVINCES IN FUTURE
RESOURCE OR PLEASE SEE WEB PAGE FOR COURT CLERKSHIP FOR THE PARTICULAR
COURT,)