Air Conditioning
Created By: Abdulla Al Qahtani
What is Air conditioning?
 It is a mechanical way of regulating the temperature,
humidity, cleanliness and air flow inside a room or a
building.
Explanation Of Problem
 In the 1900s a cooling device evolved from the paint
cooling system concept, to cool buildings and hospitals
and lower humidity.
Who Created Air
Conditioning?
 Willis Havilland Carrier (November 26, 1876 –
October 7, 1950) was an American engineer and
inventor. He is known as the man who invented modern
Air Conditioning.
The Story of Air Conditioning
 In 1902, the first air conditioning
was in operation, called
"Apparatus for Treating Air" and
was built for the SackettWilhelms Lithographing and
Publishing Co. in Brooklyn,
New York. He Chilled coils in
the machine to cool air and
lower humidity.
Cont.
 They were first introduced in industry as printing plants, textile mills,
pharmaceutical manufacturers, and a few hospitals.
 The first air conditioner units created by Carrier's were large,
expensive, and dangerous due to the toxic ammonia that was used as
coolant.
 In 1922, Carrier replaced the ammonia with dielene a safer coolant
and added a central compressor to reduce the size of the unit.
 In 1925 Carrier sold his invention to movie-theater operators, and in
office buildings, department stores and railroad cars.
 After World War II, window units air conditioners appeared, and the
sales escalating from 74,000 in 1948 to 1,045,000 in 1953.
How Does Air Conditioning Work?
 When hot air flows over the cold, lowpressure evaporator coils, the
refrigerant inside absorbs heat as it
changes from a liquid to a gaseous
state. To keep cooling efficiently, the
air conditioner has to convert the
refrigerant gas back to a liquid again.
 All the extra heat created by
compressing the gas is then
evacuated to the outdoors with the
help of a second set of coils called
condenser coils, and a second fan.
 As the gas cools, it changes back to
a liquid, and the process starts all
over again.
How does air conditioning solve
the problem of heat?
 lowering the air temperature.
 Controlling humidity and heat
indoors.
 Allows cool air to circulate
around the room.
 It prevented death from heat
strokes.
What Humans Did About Heat Before The
A/C Was Made?
 Aqueduct water circulated through the walls of certain houses to cool them
down.
 They fanned them selves.
 Some ate snow that was imported from the top of the mountains to keep
cool rather than simply bearing the heat
 Other techniques in medieval Persia involved the use of cisterns and wind
towers to cool buildings during the hot season.
 The traditional middle Eastern constructions had the house windows built
facing away from the sun and large buildings featured wind towers to catch
the prevailing breezes.
 Drink a lot of water to prevent heat strokes.
 Houses were built of mud to insulate heat.
 Fan blowing over a bucket of ice.
How Did Air Conditioning Improve Human
Life?
 It made people comfortable in the summer instead of suffering the heat of the
summer.
 Controlling humidity indoors.
 Death rates dropped.
 Working conditions improved greatly, productivity and worker satisfaction.
 Migration to the south increased and helped to build great cities.
 Refrigeration helped in space exploration.
 Giving a spring like feeling.
 Healthy clean and filtered air.
 Protecting indoor plants from the sun heat.
 Deodorization.
 It provides a hypo allergic environment e.g. for hospitals and operating rooms.
Improvements To The A/C
Through Time?
 1830 Dr John Gorre from Florida designed a machine like a
fan that blew across a container of ice used for cooling
hospital rooms.
 1902 Willis Carrier built his apparatus for treating air.
 1914 the first home was air condition was owned by Charels
Gates.
 1917-1930 air conditions where built in movie theaters.
 1922 Willis carrier replaced the toxic coolant ammonia with a
much coolant dielene, and he reduced the size of the units.
Cont
 1924 air conditioning units were placed in office buildings,
and department stores.
 During World War II home air conditioning became very
popular.
 1946 30000 air conditioners were produced.
 1948 it increased to 74000.
 1969 refrigeration technology helped astronauts walk on the
moon in space suits with cooling systems.
 1987 the United Nations established the protocol to protect
the Ozone layer, by using safe chemicals for the
refrigeration system.
How has the Air Conditioning created new
problems for us?
 It requires high source of energy.
 Air Conditioning piping limit the architecture of the
building.
 Costs are higher every year.
 It can dry skin and dehydration
Timeline Of The History Of The
A/C

1830 Dr John Gorre from Florida designed a machine like a fan that blew across a container of ice
used for cooling hospital rooms.

1881 a group of naval engineers constructed a machine that blew aid through a cloth saturated with
melted ice water, this lowered the temp to 20 degrees.

Late 19th century cooling stations were set up to pipe cool air to surrounding buildings, and to preserve
food.

1902 Willis Carrier built his apparatus for treating air, he used chilled cooling coils, to cool the air and
lower the humidity, to as low as 55%, this device was able to adjust the humidity level desired settings
that would become the modern air condition. Alfred Wolf was accredited with improving on the design
and adapting them to different buildings, leading to the revolution of technology.

1911 Willis Carrier presented the rational psychometric formula, which is still used by the air
conditioning system.

1914 the first home was air condition was owned by Charels Gates.

1917-1930 air conditions where built in movie theaters.
Cont.
 1922 Willis carrer replaced the toxic coolant ammonia with a much coolant
dielene, and he reduced the size of the units.
 1924 air conditioning units were placed in office buildings, and department
stores. It became a marketing tool for retail businesses.
 During World war II manufacturers converted production to military use, once
the war ended production shifted back to none military use, and home air
conditioning became very popular.
 1946 30000 air conditioners were produced.
 1948 it increased to 74000.
 1957 the rotary compressor was first marketed, permitting a smaller, lighter
and a more efficient units.
 1969 refrigeration technology helped astronauts walk on the moon in space
suits with cooling systems.
 1987 the United Nations established the protocol to protect the Ozone layer,
by using safe chemicals for the refrigeration system.
Bibliography
 http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_invented_the_air_condition
er
 http://www.designcomfortco.com/blog/air-conditioning/whoinvented-air-conditioning/
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioning
 http://air-conditioners-andheaters.com/air_conditioning_history.html
Thank You
The End