Name_____________________________
Period______
Date__________
Mr. Mitchell
Cities and Metropolitan Areas
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
(Chapter 25, Section 2)
America’s Rural-Urban Shift:
A. Industrial Revolution created manufacturing jobs in cities while also greatly
increasing farm output.
B. Presently, about 80% of America’s population lives in cities/suburbs.
Incorporations and Charters:
A. States establish cities through the process of incorporation.
B. Charter: basic law (constitution) of the city.
C. Cities are generally created by the request of their citizens, while counties
exist to serve the administrative needs of the State.
Forms of City Government:
A. Mayor-Council Government:
1.
Elected mayor leads the executive branch.
2. Elected council leads the legislative branch.
3. Variations:
a. Strong Mayor: Mayor heads the administration with power to hire and
fire, to prepare a budget, and takes a lead in making policy.
b. Weak Mayor: Executive duties are shared with other elected officials
while appointment powers are shared or taken over by council.
B. Commission Government:
1.
Five to nine popularly elected department heads,
2. One member is chosen by the commission as mayor.
C. Council Manager Government:
1.
Strong elected council.
2. Weak elected mayor.
3. Hired administrator/manager.
City Planning:
A. Zoning: practice of dividing a city into a number of districts (zones) and
regulating the uses to which property in each of them may be put.
1.
Residential
2. Commercial
3. Industrial
B. Important to ensure the orderly growth of a city.
Municipal Functions:
A. Police and fire protection.
B. Maintain streets, sidewalks, bridges, street lights, parks, playgrounds, etc.
C. Public health and sanitation services.
Name_____________________________
Period______
VI.
Date__________
Mr. Mitchell
Suburbs and Metropolitan Areas:
A. Suburbs:
1.
Began to grow in the years after World War II.
2. People sought more space, cheaper land, less pollution/noise, and greater
privacy.
B. Metropolitan Areas: designed to streamline services of water, sewage,
police/fire protection, etc. between cities and suburbs.