Review Sheet for Chapter 10 TEST [online]
NAME________________________________________Class Period________
Know the following terms for the test!
Realpoltik- Otto von Bismarck’s political philosophy based on the needs of the state
Ems Telegram- Edited document by Bismarck that angered Napoleon III into declaring war on Prussia
Chancellor- German “Prime Minister”
Annexes- To take or seize land, and add it to your county
Kaiser- “Emperor” for the Germans
Reich- “Empire” for the Germans, like the Third Reich
Kulturkampf- Bismarck’s attack on the Catholic Church because he saw them as a threat
House of Krupp- Industrial GIANT in Germany, Steel manufacturing, weapons
Social Welfare- Reforms to help certain groups of people usually the less fortunate
Risorgimento- Italian national movement for on Unified Italy
Red Shirts- Giuseppe Garibaldi’s followers in Italy wanted to unify Italy
Anarchist- Wanted NO GOVERNMENT
Emigration- Moving from one’s own homeland to another place, usually for a better life
Balkans- Powder Keg of Europe located in Southeast Europe
Colossus- Huge and menacing… ie RUSSIA in this Chapter
Emancipation- Freedom of enslaved peoples—Serfs in Russia, or like Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation
Duma- Russian elected Legislature
Bloody Sunday- Peaceful demonstration against the crown in Russia, turned bloody when Russian troops
opened fire on the crowd
Russification- One Language One Church the basis for Russian discrimination
Zemstov- Local governing bodies in Russia, like City councils here in the U.S.
Pogrom- Mob attacks on Non-Russians in Russia, discrimination backed by the Government
Know the following people for the test!
Otto von Bismark- Junker diplomat in Prussia who became an advisor to William I and later Became
Chancellor in 1862, he was loyal to the Hohenzollern’s not a nationalist
William I- King of Prussia, along with Bismarck pushed for Unification of Prussia and the German States, first
KAISER of Germany
William II- Kaiser of Germany, dismissed Bismarck, strengthened the Navy, wanted overseas colonies,
Grandson of Kaiser William I
Count Camillo Cavour- Prime Minister of Sardinia and carried out political changes like Bismarck did in
Germany, which led to the unification of Italy
Victor Emmanuel II- King of Sardinia which included Piedmont, Nice, and Savoy… He was King under
Unification of Italy
Giuseppe Garibabldi- Leader of the Nationalists Red-Shirts in Italy, invaded Sicily an helped to unify Italy
Francis Joseph- Emperor of Austria until 1916, began his reign at 18 in 1848. King of Hungary as well.
Dual Monarchy- Hungary separated from Austria but kept Francis Joseph as ruler, shared finance, defense, and
foreign affairs but were independent in all other aspects
Alexander II- Tsar of Russia from 1855-1881 was assassinated, he freed the Serfs in 1861
Peter Stolypin- Prime Minister appointed in 1906 to restore order, reforms were too little to late
Know the following things for the test!
Who was responsible for the Unification of Germany? Otto von Bismarck
In what war did Prussia defeat France? Franco-Prussian War 1870-71
Why did Germany grow rapidly as an industrial giant? Vast resources especially Iron & Coal
Who was the Iron Chancellor? Otto von Bismarck
Who wanted to win overseas colonies for Germany? Kaiser William II
How did the German government encourage economic development? Protected German industry from foreign
competition by setting high tariffs on imported goods
Under Bismark, Germany took a pioneering role in what reforms? Social and Economic
Who said “There is only one master of the Reich”? William II
What problems made Italy hard to unite into a single country? Regional differences, like in Roman Empire
What was the major threat to the Hapsburg Empire? Nationalism, many different cultures living within the
boundaries of Austria/Hungary
How did the decline of the Ottoman Empire affect the Balkans in the mid 1800s? Growth of Nationalism
What were called the “Powder Keg” of Europe? The Balkans, southeast Europe
What revolt took place after the death of Alexander I of Russia? Decembrist Revolt
What MANIFESTO did Nicholas II of Russia promise freedoms, and set up the Duma? October Manifesto
Why did the revolution of 1905 break out in Russia? Bloody Sunday and harsh repression by the Tsar
What did the revolution of 1905 lead to in RUSSIA? Basically minor reforms