The years of the Civil War
___________________
to
____________________
Other names for the North
Other names for the South
Name __________________________________________
Section _____________
Lesson 19.1
The War Begins
Lincoln Faces a Crisis
1. When Lincoln became President, how many
southern states had already left the Union (United
The bombardment of Fort Sumter
States)? _____________
2. In his Inaugural speech, what did Lincoln say he was planning on doing with slavery in the
South? _______________________________________________________________________
3. Fort Sumter, a federal fort, was located in _________________________, a state in the
_________________. Confederate forces were trying to take over this fort. South Carolina told
the federal troops there to ___________________, but they refused to do so.
4. The Civil War began when Confederate forces _______________________ Fort Sumter. The
date was April 12, _______________ (you will need to know the years of the Civil War).
5. Because of this attack, Lincoln declared the southern states to be in ______________________
and he asked for troops to put down this rebellion.
Choosing Sides
6. After Lincoln asked for troops to put down the rebellion, each state had to choose a side. All
free Northern states stayed in the __________________ (the United States). Four states
_______________________, _____________________, _____________________ and
_________________ joined the Confederacy.
7. What city became the capital of the Confederacy? _________________________
8. There were four border states: _________________, ___________________,
_________________ and __________________
9. They were called border states because they ______________________ the north.
___________________ was legal in these states (isn’t that interesting?). They were very
important to the north because they controlled important parts of the _____________ and
______________________ Rivers. Also, the _________________ of the North was located in
Maryland.
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10. Although Virginia seceded (joined the Confederacy), the western part of the state was loyal to
the Union. In 1863, they became their own state, ___________________________ and joined
the Union.
The Volunteer Spirit
11. ______________________ were very important to the war, as neither side was prepared to
fight.
12. Many friends and families were on _________________ sides of the war.
13. People also helped by raising ____________, providing aid for soldiers and their
________________ and by running ______________________________.
The North versus the South
Advantages
14. Fill in the chart below
The North
The South
a. Larger __________________ meant more
a. many skilled ___________________
______________
b. only had to ________________ itself
b. Most of the ______________ and
______________
c. Better network of ____________________
d. Able to raise more _____________
a. __________________________ Plan
a. defend its ______________________
(answer will be given in class)
b. ______________ blockade to destroy the
Strategies
economy
b. wear down the Union ___________
___________________
c. Divide the Confederacy - gain control of
the __________________________ River
d. Divide the Confederacy - ____________
part (answer will be given in class)
e. Attack ____________________ the capital
city
3
c. capture ______________________
d. “______________ _______________”
winning foreign allies
Theaters of War
pages 610 - 613
Page 610
1. Because the Confederacy was so large, in order to gain
control over this land, the Union planned to get
control of the key ______________ routes,
________________ and ____________________.
Page 611
Look at the chart on the top of this page and read “History Note 1” and “History Note 2”
2. The North had many advantages at the beginning of the war. Which 5 areas represented on the
chart show an advantage for the Union? (check the correct answers)
Total Population
Cotton Production
Railroad Tracks
Horses
Factories
Donkeys and Mules
Total Farm Value
3. How does an advantage in population help the Union during the war? ____________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. The Union advantage in communications is also beneficial. How so? ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Page 612
When learning about the Civil War, it is often helpful to study the war in terms of the locations of
the battles. These are often clustered into ‘regions’ or ‘sections’ which in war terminology is also
called ‘theaters.’ Look at the map and read “History Note 3.”
5. According to the map, what are the three theaters of war? _________________________,
________________________ and ___________________________________
6. The capital cities of both the Union and the Confederacy were located in the
_____________________ theater.
7. In the western theater, the Union was focused on the _____________________ River as a key
strategic point. Why would controlling this river have been important to the Union? ________
_______________________________________________________________________________
8. Not a lot of fighting happened in the Far Western theater. Why do you think this was so?
________________________________________________________________________________
Page 613
Fill in the events using the maps on this page
December 1864 - ____________________________________________________________________
April 9, 1865 - ______________________________________________________________________
April 26, 1865 - _____________________________________________________________________
5
Lesson 19.2
The War in the East
Two Armies Meet
1. When and where was the first real battle of the Civil War?
Date _________________ Place _________________
2. It was here that Confederate General Thomas Jackson earned
the nickname _________________________.
3. First Battle of Bull Run: The Union army was _______________________ and did not win this
battle.
4. Because of this battle, the Union realized that that they were not going to win this war
_______________ or ___________________.
More Battles in Virginia
5. General George McClellan, commander of the ______________ army, captured
________________ (remember that from the Revolution?) in May of 1862.
6. General Robert E. Lee was commander of the Confederate army. Where did you hear of his
name before? ______________________________________________________________
7. Why did Lee choose turn down the opportunity to lead the Union army? __________________
________________________________________________________________________________
8. Seven Days’ Battles: the two armies fought ____________ different times, forced the Union
army to _______________________________________ around Richmond.
9. Second Battle of Bull Run (Manassas): Jackson’s troops attacked on the Union’s _____________
side and Lee’s attacked on their ______________ side. As a result of this battle, most of the
Union forces were forced out of _________________________. Lee decided to move his army
up _________________________.
The Battle of Antietam
10. Confederate leaders hoped that a victory for them in the North would
a. Break the Union’s _________________
b. get ___________________ countries to help out the Confederacy
11. Battle of Antietam: September 17, 1862, the bloodiest _____________________ of battle of the
war. How many casualties total? ___________________ Who was the winner? ______________
Check out the photograph at the top of this page – the Civil War was the first American war to
be photographed.
The War at Sea
12. The Union Navy maintained a ___________________, which cut off the South’s ability to trade.
13. The Virginia was a Southern ironclad, a warship armored with ___________. The North had
one as well, called the __________________.
14. When these two ships met, it was the first naval battle between two ______________________.
6
Lesson 19.3
The War in the West
Western Strategy
1. The main Union strategy in the west was to take
control of the ______________________________.
2. They wanted to do this so that they could cut off the
western part of the Confederacy from ____________ and so that they could attack the
_________________________ and ________________________ networks in the South.
3. Ulysses S. Grant was very important in the ___________________ theater of war.
4. Battle of Shiloh: April 6, 1862 - as a result of this win, the ____________ gained more control of
the _____________________________________ Valley (one of the 4 parts of the Anaconda
Plan).
Fighting for the Mississippi River
5. The _________________ continued in their pursuit of control of the Mississippi River. Their
first target was the port city of _____________________ which was guarded by _______ forts.
6. David Farragut was able to capture the city, though he wasn’t able to destroy those forts
guarding the city. How did he do it then? ___________________________________________
7. The city surrendered on _______________________________ (date) leaving only
________________________, Mississippi as the only major city on the Mississippi River still in
Confederate control.
8. Vicksburg was going to be very hard to capture because of the ___________________________.
9. Siege of Vicksburg: lasted for about __________ weeks. Grant surrounded the city and
______________ soon ran out. People had to eat _______________, ________________, and
____________ to survive.
How long would you have lasted eating that before you surrendered? _____________________
On what date did Vicksburg finally surrender? _______________________
10. This surrender gave the Union army total control of the _________________________________
The Far West
11. At Glorieta Pass, a _____________ victory ended Confederate hopes of controlling the
________________________.
12. Battle of Pea Ridge: March 1862, Northwestern Arkansas - Confederate forces were helped by
some _______________ ____________________. Why did they help the Confederacy?
a. hope for more ________________________ than the Union had given them
b. they were in support of __________________
13. The _______________ won this battle.
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Lesson 19.4
Life during the War
Freeing the Slaves
1. Lincoln had some concerns with freeing the slaves. He
wanted to keep support of the war by all people in the
______________________.
2. He decided to free the slaves only in the
______________________________. Because he wanted to keep their support, he specifically
did not free the slaves in the ________________ states.
3. Once he made this decision, he wanted to wait until the ________________ had won a victory
in the East. After the Battle of _________________, he announced this plan. It was called the
________________________________________________________ and went into effect on
January 1, _____________.
African Americans and the War
4. One reason Northerners wanted to allow African Americans to serve in the military was that
they needed _________________.
5. One very famous African American unit was the _______________________________________
____________________. You may be familiar with the movie Glory.
Problems in the North
6. Not all Northerners were in support of the war. _________________ are Democrats in the
North that wanted the war to end.
7. Lincoln temporarily suspended habeas corpus, which meant that people could be put in jail
without __________________ or a ___________.
8. When the draft started in ___________ of ____________, people were upset because
_________________ people could buy their way out of military service. Do you think this is
fair? ______________
Southern Struggles
9. The result of the Northern ___________________ was that the South did not have enough
supplies (ammunition, food, etc).
10. In the South, if you were a _____________________________, you wouldn’t get drafted.
Life on the Home Front
11. People that weren’t old enough to serve in the military helped out by working
_____________________, ___________________, and other areas.
12. Women worked as volunteers. Dorothea Dix organized ________________, Clara Barton’s work
formed the basis for what is now known as the American _____________________.
13. More soldiers died of ________________ than in battle.
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Lesson 19.5
The Tide of the War Turns
The Story Continues
1. Chancellorsville, VA: May 1863 – Stonewall Jackson was
accidentally __________ and eventually died. A
Confederate win.
The Battle of Gettysburg
2. Fredericksburg, VA: Another __________________ win.
Because of these wins, General Lee tried again to move the
war into the __________________. He was again hoping that a Confederate win in the North
would break the North’s _____________ to fight as well as to gather ________________ for his
army.
3. Battle of Gettysburg: July 1 - 3 1863 – we’ll study this battle in a lot more detail.
4. On the first day of battle, Confederate forces pushed the Union line back to
__________________________, just south of the town of Gettysburg.
5. On the second day of battle, the ____________ forces successfully defended Little Round Top.
6. On the third day of battle, General Lee planned to charge the center of the Union line using
three divisions of Confederate soldiers, the largest under the command of General
________________. This attack was a _________________.
7. Of the 14,000 men who took part, only about ___________ returned to the Confederate line.
When Pickett was ordered to reform and attack again, he response to General Lee was
“____________________________________________________________________________.”
A Turning Point
8. The turning point of the Civil War was ______________________ for several reasons. The
Confederate army would never return to fight in the _________________.
9. This victory, in combination with the win at _______________________ renewed northern
confidence that the war could be won.
10. President Lincoln spoke at the dedication of the National Cemetery in Gettysburg. In this
speech, now known as the ________________________ Address, he talks about preserving the
Union.
Grant’s Drive to Richmond
11. Impressed with the successes of General _____________________ in the West, President
Lincoln transferred him to the eastern theater and made him supreme commander of the Union
armies.
12. Wilderness Campaign: May – June, 1864 – a series of battles in _____________________.
13. Did Grant ever capture Richmond, the Confederate capital? __________________
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Sherman Strikes the South
14. General _____________________ carried out a Union strategy to destroy southern railroads and
industries.
15. In the spring of 1864, General Sherman made his way through the Appalachian Mountains
toward the city of ______________________, which he hoped to capture.
16. The city of ____________________, Georgia, fell to Union forces on September 2, 1864,
depriving the South of a vital railroad junction and center of industry.
17. Total war means destroying both ____________ and ____________ resources. General Sherman
believed that total war would ruin the South’s ___________________ and hinder its ability to
fight. He ordered his troops to destroy railways, bridges, _____________, _________________,
and other resources.
18. General Sherman’s March to the Sea ended in the city of _____________________, Georgia on
December 10, 1864
The South Surrenders
19. Trapped west of Richmond in the town of _____________________________, General Lee
concluded that there was nothing left to do but surrender.
20. After receiving assurances from General Grant that Confederate troops would be allowed to
keep their horses and that they would not be tried for _________________, General Lee signed
the surrender documents on ____________________________. You need to know this date
21. Why did Union General Grant feel sad and depressed by the Confederate surrender?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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Study Topics – Chapter 19
People and Groups
Places and Battles
David G. Farragut
Mary Todd Lincoln
Elizabeth Blackwell
George B. McClellan
Robert Anderson
Abraham Lincoln
Irvin McDowell
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
Robert E. Lee
Jefferson Davis
U. S. Grant
Pickett
George Meade
Fort Sumter
Appomattox Courthouse
Battle of Antietam
Siege of Vicksburg
border states
Richmond, Virginia
Gettysburg
The Monitor (battle of ironclad ship)
Other Terms
Cotton diplomacy
contrabands
Pickett’s Charge
Emancipation Proclamation
Copperheads
habeas corpus
Gettysburg Address
Be able to . . . .









Give 3 other names for the Confederacy during the Civil War
Give 3 other names for the Union during the Civil War
Describe the Union plan to defeat the Confederacy during the Civil War
Identify key people during the Civil War as either Union or Confederate
Label maps of Gettysburg by day of battle (1, 2, or 3) and describe how you know that.
Identify the exact dates of the battle of Gettysburg
Identify the first act of aggression by the South to start the Civil War
Explain why Lee brought his army to the North (which resulted in the battle of Gettysburg)
Describe exactly what the Emancipation Proclamation did and did not do.
15
1. Give 3 other names for the Confederacy during the Civil War
2. Give 3 other names for the Union during the Civil War
3. Describe the Union plan to defeat the Confederacy during the Civil War
4. Identify key people during the Civil War as either Union or Confederate
____ U.S. Grant
____ Pickett
____ Jefferson Davis
____ Lincoln
____ Stonewall Jackson
____ General McClellan
____ General Meade
____ Robert E. Lee
5. Label maps of Gettysburg by day of battle (1, 2, or 3) and describe how you know that.
Day _________
How I know ________________
Day ________
How I know _______________
Day ______
How I know __________
___________________________
__________________________
_____________________
___________________________
__________________________
_____________________
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6. Identify the exact dates of the battle of Gettysburg
7. Identify the first act of aggression by the South to start the Civil War
8. Explain why Lee brought his army to the North (which resulted in the battle of Gettysburg)
9. Describe exactly what the Emancipation Proclamation did (and did not) do.
17