Protein Synthesis – how do our cells take genes in DNA and use them to make proteins?
And what kinds of mistakes can happen?
Difference between DNA and RNA and the three types of RNA. Pg. 300-301
Transcription: what it is and how it works. Pg. 301-303
Translation: what it is and how it works. Pg. 303-306
Types of gene and chromosomal mutations and the effects. Pg. 307-308
Gene regulation and effects on gene expression. Pg. 309-312
Vocabulary
Gene
DNA
Chromosome
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
transcription
RNA polymerase
translation
codon
Anticodon
Amino acid
Protein
ribosome
mutation
Point mutation
Frameshift mutation
deletion
duplication
inversion
Translocation
Gene regulation
Gene expression
operon
Questions you should be able to answer:
1. How is RNA different from DNA?
2. List the three main types of RNA and their functions.
3. Explain the process of transcription. How is it different from DNA replication?
4. Be able to transcribe a strand of DNA.
5. Describe the relationship between a codon and an anticodon.
6. Be able to use the amino acid chart to decode mRNA codons.
7. Explain the process of translation.
8. Be able to translate a strand of mRNA.
9. What is a mutation?
10. What is the significance of mutations to living things?
11. List two kinds of frameshift mutations.
12. What are four types of chromosomal mutations?
13. What are the three things that can happen if a piece of DNA has a mutation?
14. What is gene regulation? How does it affect gene expression?