14.
Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism
LANGEVIN DIAMAGNETISM EQUATION
QUANTUM THEORY OF DIAMAGNETISM OF
MONONUCLEAR SYSTEMS
PARAMAGNETISM
QUANTUM THEORY OF PARAMAGNETISM
Rare earth ions
Hund rules
Iron group ions
Crystal field splitting
Quenching of the orbital angular momentum
Spectroscopic splitting factor
Van Vieck temperature-independent paramagnetism ?
COOLING BY ISENTROPIC DEMAGNETIZATION
Nuclear demagnetization
PARAMAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF
CONDUCTION ELECTRONS
SUMMARY
PROBLEMS
1. Diamagnetic susceptibility of atomic hydrogen
2. Hund rules
3. Triplet excited states
4. Heat capacity from internal degrees of freedom
5. Pauli spin susceptibility
6. Conduction electron ferromagnetism
7. Two-level system
8. Paramagnetism of S = I system
REFERENCES
'.
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NOTATION: In the problems treated in this chapter the magnetic field B is always
closely equal to the applied field Ba, so that we write B for B?in most instances.