SUMMARY
For thesis defense to receive scientific degree Doctor of Philosophy on the
specialty "6D020400 – Cultural studies"
Zhanabayeva Dinara
Dynamics of tradition and innovations in the context of globalization
Significance of research work. Studying a ratio of tradition and innovation in
Kazakh culture is especially acute in the modern world where the processes of
globalization create threat of loss of cultural and national identity.
The subject of research has also theoretical-methodological relevance. In our
research work the ratio of tradition and innovation is analyzed from the point of view
of world cultural and philosophical concepts and is revealed by the means of
identification of civilization bases. Traditions in its development are exposed to the
changes, as the true meaning of the concept "development" is Change. The culture,
first of all is a subject to changes through internal traditional system because it is
open. The open system always acquires new information, and information processing
assumes the continuous process. Along with it, it takes a lot of information and data
from traditional culture.
The subject of research is in the course of the tasks formulated in the
national program "Cultural heritage" initiated by the President of the country N. A.
Nazarbayev. On the way to entry into the thirty of most developed countries of the
world Kazakhstan sets the high purposes. For this reason studying of cultural
traditions, historical and social heritage, and also spiritual monuments of the
people is extremely an acute problem. The present and the future of the
Kazakhstan spiritual system depends on knowledge, recognition and development
of traditional heritage of the past.
The information revolution of globalization which captured all spheres of the
Kazakhstan society influences activity of the person. At this stage threat of loss of
the national sovereignty , "Eternal people", national "I", own way of life and the
archetype values of unique traditional cultureis are accurately shown. Innovative
modeling of traditions ought to be transformed according to the national idea.
Object of research – models and types of an innovation in the Kazakh
traditional culture in the context of processes of globalization and a westernisation.
Subject of research – the cultural and philosophical analysis of modernization
processes of the Kazakhstan society in the context of tradition and an innovation in
the Kazakh culture.
The purpose of research work – identification of a ratio of tradition and the
innovation defining life and dynamics of cultural development, and also definition of
a form of their continuity providing sequence of historical eras. Achievement of the
main objective and the solution of the problems of dissertation research is based on
the analysis of historical and cultural concepts, hypotheses and theories in works of
east, western and mainly domestic scientists.
The Research tasks:
– scientific systematization of semantic communication between the concepts
"tradition" and "innovation", from philosophy of culture positions;
– the analysis of features of the western and east cultural types in the context of the
Kazakh traditional and innovative culture;
– defining of dynamics of change of traditional culture in Kazakhstan civilization
space and historical time;
– Identification of transformations of a traditional Kazakh family in the conditions of
the modern globalized society;
– Cultural and philosophical analysis of traditional and nonconventional religions of
modern Kazakhstan;
– updating of innovations in traditional culture of Kazakhstan in the conditions of
current globalization trends.
Scientific novelty of dissertation research is based on the latest results which do not
have analogues in domestic philosophy, the analysis and definition of relationships of
cause and effect of the created cultural problem which arose from the moment of
setting the purposes and problems of research subject. Despite the lack of special
scientific researches on this perspective, attempt of generalization of the great
number of scientific literature taking into account the last achievements of
philosophical and culturological knowledge is made, extensive sociological material
that allowed to come to new scientific results is attracted:
– as development of dialogue of civilizations shows in the conditions of
globalization, the civil concepts are not inclined to innovations and configured to
radical requirements of the closed and not changing monoculture, have negative
impact on the international cultural discourse. Comparative research of various
cultural and civilization topos allows to draw a conclusion that such closed structures
deprived of values of human life, belief, tolerance, openness and human moral lead to
fanaticism, terrorism, extremism and radicalism;
– it was shown that the cultural processes revealed as a result of cross-cultural
dialogue allow to present traditional culture of the Kazakh nation in the light of
modern innovative processes;
– it was defined that human activity, its creativeness, the relations and
communications, and also national values in which the interior and its social life are
represented are the cornerstone of the updated tradition;
– it was proved that crisis phenomena ХІХ–ХХ centuries are socio-cultural
factors which stimulated researches on a problem of traditions and innovations.
Special attention is paid on: negative influences of a commercialization of culture;
anomies; developments of a marginality; bifurcations as result of revaluation of
values; countercultures and ersatz culture; crisis of rational and classical
methodologies;
– as a result of research it was revealed that the Kazakhstan institute of a family
endures not crisis, but is at a stage of gender, social and demographic, ethnic and
religious transformation; it is also shown that these innovations are connected with
new social positions of institute of a family when the egalitarian model of a family
created within these changes becomes a basis of social safety and stability of the
state;
– it was proved that the Kazakh traditions are carriers of tolerance and humanity and
advocate the principle of openness to the whole world. These principles were
characteristic for communication model of nomadic society and completely
correspond to ethical, to esthetic concepts of Islam. It is emphasized that tolerance
and humanity play an important role in formation of a valuable paradigm of public
consciousness in Kazakhstan.
Theoretical and practical importance. Dissertation research can make a
contribution to theoretical justification of cultural science as disciplines, in
improvement of its categorial device, development of the main problems, and also in
definition of its research reference points. The thesis submitted for protection has the
theoretical importance and therefore the general theories of a civilization and
approaches to its studying of the western and domestic scientists were considered.
The applied importance is determined by attraction of sociological material on the
problem of a ratio of tradition and innovations in the Kazakhstan family. Results of
scientific research can be used in higher educational institutions, in teaching such
disciplines, as cultural science, philosophy, political science, history and sociology,
as a methodical grant in researches of social sciences, at lectures and the special
courses conducted at faculty of philosophy and political science.
The main conclusions offered for defense.
– The ratio of tradition and innovation, harmonious dialogue between the cultural
worlds is difficult process and therefore its realization demands a set of conditions.
Return and renewal of the past, the religious Renaissance, completion of values are
carried out in the sphere of active modernization and a mass westernisation. The
national culture is a fully created system, but in the conditions of globalization there
are risks concerning the preservation of its originality and opportunities of
development.
– The Kazakh traditional culture is based on domination of the interpersonal
relations, stability of behavioural values, ponderability of spiritual regulation that, in
fact, do not belong to the western values. In the thesis the condition of overcoming of
these risks and preservation of cultural identity of the Kazakh people are defined.
– Today some directions of family and cultural processes of the Republic of
Kazakhstan deviate from the primordial life, are under the influence of the western
culture, seek for imitation the western samples. It weakens the national interest of
youth and pushes aside the national traditions from domestic culture. Such imitation
negatively influences national culture, especially consciousness of youth. In such
conditions the ethic and esthetic importance of national education weakens; some
public organizations by means of use of elements of mass culture turn it into a
financial source. Main reasons for this are the absence and the analysis of system of
values of culture and art in concepts of public interest; lack of control from the
cultural organizations and governing bodies of distribution of foreign cultural
production in the country; remoteness of political parties and public organizations
from development of cultural processes; absence of demand of esthetic norms,
insufficient promotion of cultural heritage of the Kazakh people.
– Traditional religious and cultural processes of independent Kazakhstan were carried
out in the conditions of transformation system – along with positive results, there
were also negative consequences. Interest in quasiconsumer advertizing, depreciation
of high culture as a result of mercantile commercialization, negative influences of the
market on culture, emergence of archaic addictions, various sense of simulacra and
myths are the result of insufficient understanding of the importance of national model
of cultural development.
– The incorrect statement that Kazakhstan is more subject to a westernisation among
the all states of Central Asia, belongs to the manifestation of archaic concepts;
remaining faithful to tradition, the Kazakh ethnos at the same time shows ability to
harmonious perception of new positive values that expands borders of national life
through acquaintance and cooperation with other cultures. This process will be
effectively realized through self-knowledge and competitiveness of the Kazakh
people.
Approbation of the main results of research. The main scientific results of
dissertation work were presented at the international scientific-theoretical and
practical conferences, and also on the congresses and expert meetings. The main
ideas of the thesis were reported in 16 scientific articles, including, in four scientific
publications approved by Committee of Control in the sphere of knowledge and
science, in three international scientific publications entering the database of the
Scopus company. 5 articles in the materials of the international conferences,
including, 4 scientific articles in the materials of foreign conferences were published.
Structure of dissertation work. The thesis consists of introduction, two heads,
conclusions and the list of the used literature.