Study Guide
Accelerated Chemistry
Chap 10 Bonding
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Name___________________________________
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. Correct the False statments by
changing the underlined word(s).
1) Bonding theories are used to predict how atoms bond together to form molecules.
1)
2) Drugs to fight HIV have been developed using bonding theory models.
2)
3) Li : is the proper Lewis structure (dot structure) for lithium.
3)
4) A chemical bond is classified as a covalent bond if it involves the transfer of electrons.
4)
5) The Lewis structure of oxygen should have 8 valence electrons.
5)
6) Lewis structures only use the valence electrons in determining the bonding.
6)
7) Having eight valence electrons is very stable and is called an octet.
7)
8) A correct Lewis structure for an atom of carbon would have eight dots surrounding the
symbol of the element.
8)
9) The correct Lewis structure for potassium in KCl is: K+ .
9)
10) Chlorine has 8 valence electrons in the Lewis structure for KCl.
10)
11) The Lewis theory predicts that the formula for a compound of magnesium and sulfur is MgS2 .
11)
12) The Lewis theory predicts that the formula for a compound made of sodium and fluorine is
NaF.
12)
13) Lewis theory predicts that the formula for a compound made of aluminum and phosphorus is
AlP.
13)
14) The Lewis structure of water has two sets of lone pair electrons.
14)
15) The structure : H H : is a proper representation of the bonding in the H2 molecule.
15)
16) The Lewis structure for O2 contains a triple bond.
16)
17) The double bond is shorter and stronger than a single bond.
17)
18) The triple bond present in diatomic nitrogen, N2 , is what makes this molecule so reactive.
18)
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19) When calculating the number of electrons for the Lewis structure of a polyatomic ion, subtract
one electron for each negative charge.
19)
20) The correct Lewis structure for CO2 shows that the molecule contains two double bonds.
20)
21) The correct Lewis structure for CO2 shows that the carbon atom has two sets of lone pair
electrons.
21)
22) The sulfate ion contains 28 valence electrons.
22)
23) The ammonium ion contains 10 valence electrons.
23)
24) Boron forms compounds that violate the octet rule.
24)
25) Resonance structures are the best representation we can draw but do not accurately reflect the
true structure.
25)
26) Carbon monoxide contains resonance Lewis structures.
26)
27) The VSEPR theory predicts that the angle between the central carbon atom and the two
oxygen atoms in CO2 measures 180°.
27)
28) The VSEPR theory predicts that the H-C-H angle in CH4 measures 120°.
28)
29) It is important to identify lone pairs around a central atom because they do not repel other
electron groups.
29)
30) The electron geometry of a molecule is never the same as its molecular geometry.
30)
31) When you have 2 electron groups and none are lone pairs, the molecular geometry is linear.
31)
32) When you have 4 electron groups and 1 of them is a lone pair, the molecular geometry is bent.
32)
33) When you have 4 electron groups and none of them are lone pairs, the molecular geometry is
trigonal pyramidal.
33)
34) When you have 4 electron groups, the electron geometry is tetrahedral.
34)
35) The compound H2 S contains polar bonds but the molecule is nonpolar.
35)
36) Water and oil do not mix because water molecules are nonpolar and molecules that compose
oil are generally polar.
36)
2
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
37) Which of the following statements about Lewis structures is FALSE?
A) An ionic bond occurs when electrons are transferred.
B) A covalent bond occurs when electrons are shared.
C) A duet is a stable electron configuration for helium.
D) An octet is when an atom has 8 valence electrons.
E) All of the above statements are true.
37)
38) Which Lewis structure below correctly represents KCl?
..
..
A) : K : : Cl :
··
··
38)
..
B) K [ Cl ]
··
..
C) K [: Cl :]
··
..
D) K : Cl :
··
E) none of the above
39) Which Lewis structure below correctly represents the compound formed between magnesium
and sulfur?
..
A) Mg [: S :] 2 Mg
··
39)
..
2
B) Mg [: S :] 2
··
..
C) Mg [: S :]
··
..
..
D) [: S :] Mg 2 [: S :]
··
··
E) none of the above
40) Lewis theory predicts that the formula of a compound formed between bromine and
aluminum is:
A) AlBr
B) AlBr3
C) AlBr2
D) Al2 Br
E) none of the above
3
40)
41) Lewis theory predicts that the formula for a compound between fluorine and calcium is:
A) Ca2 F
41)
B) CaF2
C) CaF3
D) CaF
E) none of the above
42) Lewis theory predicts that the formula for a compound between barium and sulfur is:
A) BaS
B) BaS2
42)
C) Ba2 S
D) BaS3
E) none of the above
43) Lewis theory predicts that the formula for a compound between potassium and sulfur is:
A) KS2
43)
B) K3 S
C) KS
D) K2 S
E) none of the above
44) When a nonmetal bonds with a nonmetal
A) a covalent bond is involved.
B) electrons are shared.
C) a molecular compound forms.
D) all of the above are true
E) none of the above
44)
45) What is the correct Lewis structure for water?
.. .. ..
A) : H - O - H :
·· ·· ··
45)
..
B) H-: O :-H
··
..
C) H= O =H
··
..
D) H- O -H
··
E) none of the above
4
46) What is the correct Lewis structure for Br2 ?
..
..
A) Br = Br
··
··
46)
..
..
B) : Br - Br :
··
··
C) Br-Br
D) : Br Br :
E) none of the above
47) What is the correct Lewis structure for O2 ?
A) : O
47)
O:
B) O-O
..
..
C) O = O
··
··
.. ..
D) : O - O :
·· ··
E) none of the above
48) What is the correct Lewis structure for N2 ?
48)
..
..
A) N = N
··
··
B) : N
N:
.. ..
C) : N - N :
·· ··
D) N-N
E) none of the above
49) The Lewis structure for carbon monoxide is : C O : This structures shows
A) 4 lone pairs and 1 bonding pair.
B) 2 lone pairs and 1 bonding pair.
C) 4 lone pairs and 3 bonding pairs.
D) 2 lone pairs and 3 bonding pairs.
E) none of the above
49)
50) Which sequence below represents the proper order of increasing bond strength?
A) single < double < triple
B) double < single < triple
C) triple < double < single
D) single < triple < double
E) none of the above
50)
5
51) How many valence electrons are in the nitrate ion?
A) 22
B) 23
C) 24
D) 26
E) 18
51)
52) The total number of electrons to be counted for the Lewis structure of the PO4 3- polyatomic
52)
53) The central atom in the chlorate anion, ClO3 - is surrounded by
A) one bonding and three unshared pairs of electrons.
B) two double bonds and no unshared pairs of electrons.
C) two bonding and two unshared pairs of electrons.
D) three bonding and one unshared pair of electrons.
E) none of the above.
53)
54) The central atom in the chlorite anion, ClO2 - is surrounded by
54)
55) What is the correct Lewis structure for CO2 ?
..
..
A) : O = C= O :
··
··
55)
ion is
A) 8.
B) 32.
C) 26.
D) 29.
E) none of the above
A) two double bonds and no unshared pairs of electrons.
B) one bonding and three unshared pairs of electrons.
C) two bonding and two unshared pairs of electrons.
D) two bonding and one unshared pair of electrons.
E) none of the above
..
.. ..
B) : O - C - O :
··
·· ··
..
.. ..
C) : O = C = O :
··
·· ··
D) : O = C= O :
··
··
E) none of the above
.. .. ..
56) The Lewis structure, [: O - N = O ] represents
··
··
56)
A) NO2B) NO2+
C) NO2
D) both NO2+ and NO2 E) none of the above
6
57) What is the correct Lewis structure for CN ?
.. ..
A) [ C = N :]
··
57)
.. ..
B) [: C - N :]
·· ··
C) [C-N]
D) [: C N :]
E) none of the above
58) The correct Lewis structure for BF3 would have exactly:
A) 2 double bonds.
B) no double bonds.
C) 1 double bond.
D) 1 triple bond.
E) none of the above
58)
59) Which symbol should be used between two structures that represent resonance structures?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E) none of the above
59)
60) Which set shows the correct resonance structures for SeO2 ?
60)
..
A) : O =Se= O
··
··
..
: O Se- O :
··
..
: O -Se O :
··
..
.. ..
B) : O = Se - O :
··
·· ··
..
..
..
: O - Se = O :
··
··
··
..
.. ..
=
C) O Se - O :
··
··
.. ..
..
=
: O Se O
··
··
.. .. ..
D) : O - Se - O :
·· ·· ··
..
..
..
O = Se = O
··
··
··
E) SeO2 does not have a resonance structure.
61) Which of the following compounds have resonance structures?
A) H2 O
B) CH4
C) NH3
D) O3
E) None of the compounds have resonance structures.
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61)
62) Consider the Lewis structures for the compound SO3 and the polyatomic ions SO3 2- and
62)
SO4 2- . Which of these would exist as a set of resonance structures?
A) SO3 2- only
B) SO3 only
C) SO4 2- only
D) all of these show resonance
E) none of these show resonance
63) What is the angle between electron groups in the linear electron geometry?
A) 90°
B) 120°
C) 109.5°
D) 180°
E) not enough information
63)
64) What is the angle between electron groups in the trigonal planar electron geometry?
A) 90°
B) 180°
C) 109.5°
D) 120°
E) not enough information
64)
65) What is the angle between electron groups in the tetrahedral geometry?
A) 120°
B) 180°
C) 90°
D) 109.5°
E) not enough information
65)
66) Which of the following is considered a single electron group?
A) a lone pair of electrons
B) a double bond
C) a triple bond
D) a single bond
E) all of the above
66)
67) What is the electron geometry if you have 4 electron groups around the center atom?
A) trigonal planar
B) linear
C) tetrahedral
D) trigonal bipyramidal
E) not enough information
67)
8
68) What is the electron geometry if you have 2 electron groups around the center atom?
A) trigonal bipyramidal
B) linear
C) trigonal planar
D) tetrahedral
E) not enough information
68)
69) What is the electron geometry if you have 3 electron groups around the center atom?
A) trigonal bipyramidal
B) trigonal planar
C) linear
D) tetrahedral
E) not enough information
69)
70) What is the molecular geometry if you have 3 single bonds and 1 lone pair around the central
atom?
A) trigonal pyramidal
B) bent
C) linear
D) tetrahedral
E) not enough information
70)
71) What is the molecular geometry if you have 4 single bonds around the central atom?
A) linear
B) trigonal pyramidal
C) bent
D) tetrahedral
E) not enough information
71)
72) What is the molecular geometry if you have a double bond, a single bond and 1 lone pair
around the central atom?
A) bent
B) linear
C) trigonal pyramidal
D) tetrahedral
E) not enough information
72)
73) What is the molecular geometry of ozone, O3 ?
73)
A) bent
B) tetrahedral
C) linear
D) trigonal pyramidal
E) not enough information
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74) Which of the following compounds would have a linear molecular geometry?
1. N2
74)
2. H2 S
3. CO2
A) 2 and 3 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 1,2 and 3
D) 1 and 3 only
E) neither 1, 2,or 3
75) What is the molecular geometry of carbon dioxide, CO2 ?
75)
A) trigonal pyramidal
B) linear
C) tetrahedral
D) bent
E) not enough information
76) What is the molecular geometry of PH3 ?
76)
77) What is the molecular geometry of SiH4 ?
A) trigonal pyramidal
B) tetrahedral
C) linear
D) bent
E) not enough information
77)
78) What is the molecular geometry of CCl4 ?
A) trigonal pyramidal
B) bent
C) linear
D) tetrahedral
E) not enough information
78)
79) What is the molecular geometry of SCl2 ?
A) linear
B) tetrahedral
C) trigonal pyramidal
D) bent
E) not enough information
79)
A) trigonal pyramidal
B) bent
C) linear
D) tetrahedral
E) not enough information
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80) What is the molecular geometry of NH4 + ?
80)
81) The electron geometry and the molecular geometry of ammonia (NH3 ) are, respectively,
A) trigonal planar, bent.
B) tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal.
C) tetrahedral, bent.
D) tetrahedral, tetrahedral.
E) none of the above
81)
82) The electron geometry and the molecular geometry of water are, respectively,
A) tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal.
B) tetrahedral, bent.
C) tetrahedral, tetrahedral.
D) trigonal planar, bent.
E) none of the above
82)
83) Which of the following has a tetrahedral electron geometry and a trigonal pyramidal
molecular geometry?
A) PF3
83)
A) tetrahedral
B) bent
C) trigonal pyramidal
D) linear
E) not enough information
B) GeH4
C) Br2 O
D) SO2
E) none of the above
84) Which term matches the definition: A separation of charge within a bond.
A) dipole moment
B) nonpolar covalent
C) polar covalent
D) coulombic attraction
E) electronegativity
84)
85) The elements with the highest electronegativity values tend to be found in the:
A) upper left-side of the periodic table.
B) lower left-side of the periodic table.
C) lower right-side of the periodic table.
D) center of the periodic table.
E) upper right-side of the periodic table.
85)
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86) Which term matches the definition: The ability of an element to attract electrons within a
covalent bond?
A) nonpolar covalent
B) coulombic attraction
C) polar covalent
D) electronegativity
E) dipole moment
86)
87) Which molecule listed below has a nonpolar covalent bond?
A) H2
87)
B) H2 O
C) NaCl
D) all of the compounds
E) none of the compounds
88) Which molecule listed below has a polar covalent bond?
A) H2 O
B) H2
C) NaCl
D) all of the compounds
E) none of the compounds
88)
89) Which molecule listed below is a polar molecule?
A) H2 O
B) NH3
C) HCN
D) all of the compounds
E) none of the compounds
89)
90) Which substance listed below is a polar molecule?
A) Cl2 O
90)
B) NH4 1+
C) SiCl4
D) all of the compounds
E) none of the compounds
91) Which molecule listed below is a nonpolar molecule?
A) CO2
B) BH3
C) CCl4
D) all of the compounds
E) none of the compounds
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91)
92) Which compound listed below will dissolve in water?
A) SiO2
B) NH3
C) CCl4
D) all of the compounds
E) none of the compounds
92)
93) Which compound listed below will dissolve in NH3 ?
93)
A) CO2
B) O2
C) H2 S
D) all of the compounds
E) none of the compounds
94) Which compound listed below will dissolve in carbon tetrachloride, CCl4 ?
A) NH3
B) NaCl
C) CS2
D) all of the compounds
E) none of the compounds
94)
95) Which of the following statements is TRUE for the covalent molecule HCl?
A) Chlorine is more electronegative and the shared electron pair is likely to be found on the
hydrogen atom.
B) Hydrogen is more electronegative and the shared electron pair is likely to be found on
the chlorine atom.
C) Hydrogen is more electronegative and the shared electron pair is likely to be found on
the hydrogen atom.
D) Chlorine is more electronegative and the shared electron pair is likely to be found on the
chlorine atom.
E) none of the above
95)
96) Which of the following statements about the water molecule is TRUE?
A) A water molecule is asymmetric and therefore is polar.
B) A water molecule has two dipole moments and they cancel each other.
C) A water molecule is symmetrical and therefore is nonpolar.
D) The electronegativities of hydrogen and oxygen are equal and therefore a water molecule
is nonpolar.
E) none of the above
96)
97) Which of the following statements are TRUE about the BF3 molecule?
97)
A) BF3 violates the octet rule for the central atom.
B) BF3 has a trigonal planar molecular geometry.
C) BF3 is nonpolar.
D) All of the above statements are true.
E) None of the above are true.
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98) The electronegativity value for N is 3.0 and that for O is 3.5. Based on these values, which of
the following statements is TRUE about the compound NO?
A) NO is a pure covalent compound.
B) NO is a polar covalent compound.
C) NO is an ionic compound.
D) There is not enough enough information to determine the nature of NO.
E) None of the above statements is true.
98)
99) The electronegativity value for Mg is 1.2 and the value for O is 3.5. Based on these values,
what type of bond is expected for a compound formed between Mg and O?
A) Pure covalent
B) Ionic
C) Polar covalent
D) not enough information
E) none of the above
99)
100) How does soap work?
A) Soap works by by having a polar end which attaches to the grease molecule and polarizes
it and turns the grease molecule into another soap molecule. This is a chain reaction.
B) Soap works by having a polar end and a nonpolar end which allows the water and oil to
interact indirectly.
C) Soap works by breaking grease molecules into smaller molecules that dissolve in water.
D) Soap works by making water into a nonpolar liquid which grease can dissolve in.
E) none of the above
14
100)
Answer Key
Testname: STUDY SHEET CH 10
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TRUE
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
TRUE
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
E
C
B
B
B
A
D
D
D
B
C
B
49)
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D
A
C
B
D
C
D
A
D
B
D
C
D
B
D
D
D
E
C
B
B
A
D
A
A
D
B
A
B
D
D
A
B
B
A
A
E
D
A
A
D
A
D
B
C
C
D
A
97)
98)
99)
100)
15
D
B
B
B