UNIT 3 DEALING WITH NUMBERS
OBJECTIVES:
- To use cardinal and ordinal numbers.
- Numbers in different contexts (How to read them in English):
- Talk about dates, phone numbers, different currencies.
- Flights, time and schedules and timetables.
- Numbers in Maths.
- Usual measures.
- Cultural differences in the use of commas and periods in numbers.
- Revise the Past tense of “to BE”
- More vocabulary and expressions used in daily life conversations.
- Practise the /θ/ sound.
- Discussing the importance of punctuality.
KEY VOCABULARY:
- Cardinal and ordinal numbers
- Other numerical expressions (See list below)
- Payment terms
- Questions words: How much…? / How many…?/ How far…? / How long…?/ How
often…?
- How to say the time.
- Identify certain currency.
NUMBERS
They can be written using letters (three), Arabic symbols (3) and Romans symbols (III).
They can be cardinal, showing quantity and ordinal (expressing an order).
Numbers are always present in our daily activities, either oral or written form. They can
facilitate communication, or they may lead to serious misunderstandings. They have
more or less the same form in different languages; however, there are slight
differences in the way they are used.
NUMBERS MAY REFER TO:
Page number
Hotel room
Dates
Temperatures
Postal code/ zip code
Addresses
ID No
IQ Intelligence Quotient
Currency
Percentages
Fractions
Flight numbers
Serial numbers
Time
Telephone numbers
Decimals
Addition
A list
Ordinal numbers
Interstate sign
Extension number
OTHERS
Codes
Prices
Money: dollars, euros,
pounds, bucks
Salary/wages/pay
Fringe benefits
Payment Terms: by check,
in cash, by credit card.
Quotients
TV channels
Degrees
Passport numbers
Credit cards No
Mathematical statements
Figures
Orders
Quotations
Budgets
Measures
Weight
Height
Length
Depth
…
Size
Age
Inch
Foot
Yards
Centimetres
Metres
Kilometres
Miles
Pint
Pounds
Bill
Invoices
Fee
model/make
Taxes
VAT
Tickets
Kings, Popes and centuries.
The ordinal numbers from 1 to 9 are used for these in Spanish and English. For ten
either the cardinal or the ordinal may be used. For 11 and above it is now customary to
use only the cardinal number
Decimals
In Spanish a comma is written where English writes a point:
3.56 three point five six
0.7 point seven
0.07 point zero seven
Fractions
½ one half, a half
2 ½ two and a half kilos
1/3 one third, a third
2/3 two thirds
¼ a quarter
5 5/6 five five sixths
UNITS
3,684 is a four digit number
It contains 4 units 8 tens, 6 hundreds and 3 thousands.
PERCENTAGES
18% (eighteen per cent) of the people here are over 65.
CALCULATION
8+6 eight and six are fourteen
Eight plus six make fourteen
What is 8+6?
15- 3=12 fifteen take away three are (or equals) twelve
Three from fifteen leaves twelve
3x3=9
32:8 =4
three threes are nine
Three times three is nine
Thirty two divided by eight is (equals) four
32 = 9
three squared is nine
25=32
Two to the fifth (or to the power of five) is (or equals) thirty two.
+ addition / plus sign
_ subtraction / minus sign
x multplication sign
: division sign
LINEAR MEASURES
1 inch = 2.54 centimetres
1 foot = 30.48 centimetres
1 yard = 3 feet = 91.44 centimetres
1 mile = 1760 = 1,609.33 metres /1.609 kilometres
MEASURES OF CAPACITY
1 pint = 0,57 litres
1 quart = 2 pints = 1.136 litres
1 gallon = 4 quarts= 4.546 litres
WEIGHTS
1 ounce = 28.35 grams
1 pound = 16 ounces = 453.6 grams
TIME
2 hours 33 minutes and 14 seconds
Half an hour
A quarter of an hour
Three quarters of an hour
What ´s the time?
What do you make the time? ¿Qué hora tienes?
I make it 2.20
Tengo las dos y veinte
My watch says 3:37
It´s two o´clock
It´s five past four (4:05)
It´s ten to six ( 5:50)
It´s half past eight ( 8:30)
It´s quarter past nine ( 9:15)
It´s quarter to two (13:45)
At 10 a.m.
At 11 p. m
it´s just after three.
It is nearly nine.
About 8 o´clock
At (or by) 6 o´clock at the latest.
Have it ready for 5:30
It is full each night from 7 to 9.
Until 8 o´clock.
It would be about 11.
At midnight.
Before midday, before noon.
Timetable
Schedule times = horas programadas/ tiempos horarios
Time schedules
deadline
MONEY
Currency:
Euro € / cent
Pound £ / penny / pence
Dollar $ / cent
£1 = one pound
1p = one penny / pence= pennies
$1 = one dollar
1cent = a cent
http://www.xe.com/es
(Convertidor rápido de divisas)
A dollar buys __0.77__ euros
How many dollars does a pound buy? 1.36
A dollar and a pound don´t have the same value.
What is the exchange rate against the dollar?¿ A cómo está el cambio con respecto al
dolar? 0.77 euros
27/01/2010
$1 = 0.71 euros
0.61 pounds
1€ = 1.40 dollars
0.86 pounds
£1 = 1.61 dollars
1.15 euros
Vocabulary related to money
Borrow
Lend
Increase
Amount to
Sales/s
Earn money
Pay
To pay in cash
By credit card
By check
By letter of credit L/C
Currency- local currency
Dollars = bucks
Pounds
Euros
Cents
Penny
Pence = pennies
Coins
Bill (US)
A bank note
A 2 euros coin
Five euros note
Fare = ticket
Fee _ sum of money paid for professional services to a doctor, lawyer, private school, .
Salary – paid monthly into he bank (esp. to professional people)salary rise
Wages – paid weekly in cash esp. to people who work with their hand
Pay
Rate – interest rate
VAT =Valued Added Tax
Funds – lack of funds
Prices
Salary/wages/pay
Fringe benefits : any reward given to an employee in addition to normal wage or
salary
such as : pension, the use of accompany car, the use of a house, free or
cheap meals, loans at low cost, a private medical treatment) = (bonificaciones,
ingresos complementarios)
Bonus = (paga extra)
Percentage
Payment Terms: by check, in cash, by credit card.
Credit cards No
Quotations
Budgets
Bill
Invoices
Fee
Taxes
VAT
Tickets
Application fee (at school) = (matrícula)
VAT
Good are charged with VAT.
What percentage of the net price is it?
Gross price
Net price
Gross salary
Net salary
In Spain
4% Mainly food and consumer goods (alimentación y bienes de primera necesidad)
7% some food, dwelling …
16% general trade, alcoholic drinks…