STRUCTURE
LOCATION
FUNCTION
PROKARYOTE
EUKARYOTE
CELL WALL
Around the cell membrane
Support and Protect the cell
Yes
Plants: Yes
Animals: No
Plants: Yes
Animals: Yes
NUCLEUS
About mid-cell
Controls most of the cell’s
processes and contains the
DNA
No
* Chromatin
Located within the nucleus
Consists of DNA bound to
Protein
No
Plants: Yes
Animals: Yes
Assembly of ribosomes
begins
No
Plants: Yes
Animals: Yes
Has thousands of pores which
allow material to move into
and out of the nucleus
Helps the cell maintain its
shape and also involved in
many forms of movement
No
Plants: Yes
Animals: Yes
Some
Plants: Some
Animals: Some
Some
Plants: Some
Animals: Some
Some
Plants: Some
Animals: Some
No
Plants: Yes
Animals: Yes
No
Plants: Yes
Animals: Yes
No
Plants: Yes
Animals: Yes
No
Plants: Yes
About mid-nucleus
*Nucleolus
* Nuclear Envelope
Double-Membrane Layer
around the nucleus
CYTOSKELETON
Found within the Cell
Membrane
*Microtubule
In the cytoskeleton, within
the Cell Membrane
*Microfilament
RIBOSOME
ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
In the cytoskeleton, within
the Cell Membrane
Either attached to the
Endoplasmic Reticulum or
“Free” in the Cytoplasm
In the cytoplasm
GOLGI APPARATUS
In the cytoplasm
LYSOSOME
In the cytoplasm
Hollow tubes of protein that
maintain cell shape and serve
as “tracks” along which
organelles move
Long, thin fibers that function
in the movement and support
of the cell
Where proteins are assembled
following coded instructions
that come from the nucleus
Components of the cell
membrane are assembled and
some proteins are modified;
rough ER (ribosomes) or
smooth ER (no ribosomes)
Proteins made by the rough
ER move into the Golgi
Apparatus where enzymes
attach carbohydrates and
lipids to them
Break down lipids,
carbohydrates, and proteins
from food into particles that
can be used by the rest of the
VACUOLE
In the cytoplasm
CHLOROPLAST
In the cytoplasm
MITOCHONDRIA
In the cytoplasm
cell. They also break down
organelles that have outlived
their usefulness. They
remove debris from the cell.
To store materials such as
water, salts, proteins, and
carbohydrates.
Use energy from the sun to
make energy-rich food
molecules during
photosynthesis. Contains own
DNA.
Use energy from food to
make high-energy
compounds that the cell can
use for growth, development
and movement. Contains
own DNA.
Animals: Yes
No
Plants: Yes
Animals: Yes
No
Plants: Yes
Animals: No
No
Plants: Yes
Animals: yes