BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. DESKRIPSI
Modul yang berjudul “Expressing Possibility” ini adalah modul ke 13 dalam
level novice yang harus dipelajari oleh SMK. Modul ini berisikan ungkapan
tentang kemungkinan dalam bahasa Inggris. Modul ini sebagai prasyarat
bagi modul berikutnya, dan merupakan lanjutan dari modul A.12/ 04.
Setelah menyelesaikan modul ini anda diharapkan dapat mengungkapkan
tentang kemungkinan dalam bahasa Inggris dengan menggunakan expresi
yang tepat sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi. Subkompetensi ungkapan
tentang kemungkinan ini sangat membantu ketrampilan dalam
berkomunikasi dalam dunia kerja.
B. PRASYARAT
Sebelum mempelajari modul ini anda harus telah menyelesaikan modul
A.1.2/04 yang berisikan tentang Asking for and Giving permission.
C. PETUNJUK PENGGUNAAN MODUL
1. Penjelasan Bagi Siswa.
i. Sebelum memulai menggunakan modul ini, dengarlah
penjelasan dari guru. Modul ini harus digunakan sesuai
dengan urutan yang sudah diatur halaman demi halaman.
Dalam mengerjakan soal yang ada, Anda tidak
diperkenankan untuk melihat kunci jawaban.
ii. Yakinkan apakah modul tersebut membutuhkan kaset, bila
menggunakan kaset, mintalah kaset kepada guru Anda agar
bisa belajar mandiri. Tentunya anda harus menyiapkan tape
player.
iii. Pada setiap kali mengerjakan soal-soal, Anda hendaknya
menilai sendiri dan memcatat kemajuan yang anda lakukan.
Setelah menyelesaikan modul ini Anda harus melaporkannya
kepada guru pembimbing.
iv. Bila ada hal yang kurang jelas, tanyakan dan konsultasikan
kepada guru pembimbing.
2. Peran Guru.
Dalam penggunaan modul ini Guru membimbing siswa dan
memantau pencapaian proses belajar siswa. Guru menetapkan
waktu untuk pengujian setelah menyelesaikan modul ini.
D. TUJUAN AKHIR
1. Berdasarkan situasi yang diberikan anda dapat mengungkapkan
tentang kemungkinan.
2. Secara berkelompok (dua siswa), anda dapat mempraktekkan
percakapan tentang kemungkinan berdasarkan situasi yang
diberikan.
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E. KOMPETENSI
Kompetensi yang ingin dicapai melalui modul ini adalah kompetensi dasar
pada level novice dengan subkompetensi “Expressing Possibility”.
F. CEK KEMAMPUAN
1. Do you think you can make sentences using the expression of
possibility based on the situation given?
2. Can you perform a dialogue of expressing possibility? Do this by
changing roles.
3. Can you retell the dialogue using your own words based on the
dialogues given ?
Apabila anda merasa tidak dapat melakukan percakapan seperti yang
diminta di atas, anda harus mempelajari modul ini. Bila anda sudah dapat
memperagakan percakapan di atas, maka anda dapat mengajukan untuk uji
kompetensi ini kepada guru pembimbing.
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BAB II
PEMELAJARAN
A. RENCANA PEMELAJARAN SISWA
Isilah rencana belajar ini. Rencana belajar ini adalah merupakan langkahlangkah kegiatan yang harus anda tempuh dalam mempelajari modul ini.
Untuk mengisi tabel ini, anda harus mengkonsultasikannya kepada guru
pembimbing anda. Sebagai bukti bahwa rencana belajar anda sudah disetujui
oleh guru pembimbing, mintalah guru pembimbing untuk memaraf di kolom
yang telah disediakan.
NO
KEGIATAN
PENCAPAIAN
ALASAN PERUBAHAN
PARAF
BILA DIPERLUKAN
TGL
JAM
TEMPAT
SISWA
Mengetahui,
Guru pembimbing
………………………..2004
Siswa
(……………………..)
(……………………………..)
GURU
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B. KEGIATAN BELAJAR
B.1 Kegiatan Belajar 1
B.1.1 Tujuan Kegiatan Belajar 1
Pada tahap ini anda diharapkan dapat menyebutkan ungkapanungkapan yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan dalam dialog dan
dapat memahami penggunaan modal auxiliaries .
B.1.2 Uraian Materi 1
Read and study carefully the words in bold.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The tourist guide may know some cheap hotels.
We should bring some umbrellas because it might rain.
Dino and his friends will probably see the film.
The children can get a cold if they drink ice too much.
If John came, we could all go home.
The examples above express possibility or probability.
MODALS
May
Might
Can
Could
Will
USES
EXAMPLES
Probability
We may move to a new house next
month.
Weak probability
I might see you again. Who knows?
Conditional possibility
If you stop criticizing, I might get some
done.
Occasional and general How many people can get into a
possibility
telephone box?
Conditional possibility
If John came, we could go to the movie.
Possibility with perhaps The headmaster will probably agree with
or probably
our proposal.1
B.1.3 Rangkuman 1
Untuk mengungkapkan tentang kemungkinan dapat menggunakan
bermacam-macam modal dan perhatikan penggunaannya.
B.1.4. Tugas 1
1. Listen to the dialogue about expressing possibility in the tape.
Write down the expressions that the speakers say.
2. Play the tape again, and check whether you have got the right
expressions.
3. Play the tape again and try to repeat again to practice the
pronunciation and intonation.
4. Check your pronunciation by comparing to the speakers in the
tape. If you need help for your practice, please consult to your
teacher.
B.1.5. Tes Formatif 1
Listen to the dialogue below about expressing possibility. Fill in the blank
spaces to complete the dialogue.
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AFTER DINNER
Mrs. Green : I have an awful pain in my ---(1)--Rita
: Really? ---(2)--- you ate ---(3)--- much dinner.
Mrs. Green : I don’t think so.
Rita
: Perhaps it’s your ---(4)--- It ---(5)--- gives you trouble.
Mrs. Green : No. It feels ---(6)--- Do you think it ---(7)--- my heart.
Rita
: I ---(8)--- think so. But it could be that ---(9)--- dress. The ---(10)--is too tight.
B.1.6 Kunci Jawaban 1
1. stomach.
2. perhaps.
3. too.
4. liver
5. sometimes.
6. different.
7. could be.
8. don’t.
9. new.
10. skirt.
B.2. Kegiatan Belajar 2
B.2.1. Tujuan Kegiatan Belajar 2
Pada tahap ini anda harus dapat memahami teks dialog tentang
expressing possibility dan dapat menjawab pertanyaan yang diberikan, Serta
dapat melengkapi dialog yang belum lengkap dengan kata-kata/ frasa yang
sudah diberikan. Setelah itu dapat mempraktekkan dialog tersebut di depan kelas
secara bergantian.
B.2.2. Uraian Materi 2
Bacalah dialog di bawah ini dan jawablah pertanyaan yang ada dalam
tugas 2.
Rara : Something has been eating my shirt.
Yeni : Perhaps it has been eaten by ants.
Rara : Ants! I don’t think so. The holes are too large.
Yeni : Or may be a mice has eaten it.
Rara : I’v never seen any mice in this room.
Yeni : Oh. It could be a moth.
Rara : Well. Whatever it is, I certainly can’t ear it.
B.2.3 Rangkuman 2
Percakapan di atas adalah tentang ungkapan untuk menyatakan
kemungkinan. Perhatikan ekspresi yang digunakan agar anda dapat
menggunakan ekspresi tersebut dengan tepat sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi.
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B.2.4 Tugas 2
Answer the questions below based on the text above (B.2.2).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Whose shirt is having a hole?
Why does Rara disbelieve that ants have eaten her shirt?
What expression does Yeni say to show a possibility?
What does Rara do with her shirt?
Identify the use of “may” and “could”! Can you differentiate?
Work in pairs. Complete the following dialogue by choosing the correct
phrase from the column on the right.
WHERE IS THE TEACHER?
Lutfi : The teacher is late today? I wonder where he is?
Zaky : He could be ………………………… (sick, on holiday, away).
Lutfi : Yes, perhaps he’s ……………………………….. (at the meeting, at the principal
office, in the staff room, in the cafetaria).
Zaky : Or may be we are ……………………... (early, in the wrong class).
Lutfi : What should we do?
Zaky : Let’s …………………………………………. (wait until he comes, wait for another
five minutes, go and ask the principal’s office).
Work in pairs. Practice the dialogue above with your partner. Change your
roles.
B.2.5 Tes Formatif 2
Now suggest things that could have happened for these situations!
1. A : The bus never comes late. We have been waiting for two hours.
B : ………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. A : I haven’t looked at my passport for months. Is it still locked in the
desk?
B : …………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. A : I wonder why George hasn’t come to see me since he took his exam.
B : ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. A : That’s the house where Mrs. Leech used to live, but I haven’t seen her
for ages.
B : ………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. A : Nia is absent today. She gets a cold because she has played in the rain.
B : ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
B.2.6 Kunci Jawaban 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
It was possible that the traffic was busy.
Yes, I think it is still locked in the desk.
He could be sick after his examination.
She may have moved to another city.
She will probably go to see the doctor.
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B.3 Kegiatan Belajar 3
B.3.1 Tujuan Kegiatan Belajar 3
Pada tahap ini anda harus dapat membuat kalimat dan menceritakan
kembali isi dialog tentang ungkapan kemungkinan berdasarkan situasi yang
diberikan.
B.3.2 Uraian Materi 3
1. Situation : I called Susi, but she wasn’t at home. So I decided to go to
her house. I knocked at the door. The windows at her room were open,
but nobody appeared to open the door for me.
Possiblity : - She might be sleeping.
- She could be at the back.
2. Situation : Yani looks very pale today. Sometimes she holds her stomach
and grins. She loses her concentration in the class.
Possibility : - She may get a stomachache.
- She might not have her breakfast yet.
Based on the dialogue in B.2.4. , we can make the possibility that has happened
like the following story.
The teacher is late today. He could be away or perhaps he is at the principal’s
office or may be Lutfi and Zaky are at wrong class. So it’s better to go and
ask at the principal’s office.
B.3.3 Rangkuman 3
Untuk mengungkapkan tentang kemungkinan dapat dibuat berdasarkan
situasi yang diberikan. Perhatikan situasinya dengan seksama sehingga anda
dapat membuat ungkapan yang tepat.
B.3.4 Tugas 3
Make sentences expressing possibility based on the situation given by
using Modal Auxiliaries and introductory “It”.
1. Situation : An old man crosses the street. Then suddenly a motorcycle hits
him. The old man is badly injured, but the motorcycle rider is fine.
Possibility : a. ………………………….. b. …………………………….
2. Situation : I can’t start working at this company. The salary is very low,
but I have to do much overtime work. My colleagues aren’t kind to me.
Possibility : a. ……………………….. b. ………………………………
Please retell the dialogue on B.2.2 using your own words.
B.3.5 Tes Formatif 3
Make sentences expressing possibility based on the given situation. Use
the right modal auxiliaries and introductory “it”.
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Situation 1
Burhan lent me his dictionary yesterday. He has An English examination today.
But I forget to bring it today.
Possibility : a. ……………………
b. …………………..
Situation 2
Bobby didn’t have a motorcycle, but I saw him riding a new motorcycle
yesterday.
Possibility : a. ……………………
b. …………………
Retell the following dialogue with your own words.
AFTER DINNER
Mrs. Green : I have an awful pain in my stomach.
Rita
: Really? perhaps you ate too much dinner.
Mrs. Green : I don’t think so.
Rita
: Perharps it’s your liver. It sometimes gives you trouble.
Mrs. Green : No. It feels different. Do you think it could be my heart.
Rita
: I don’t think so. But it could be that new dress. The skirt is too tight.
B.3.5 Kunci Jawaban 3
Situation 1
a. He may be angry with me.
b. It is possible that he is angry with me.
Situation 2
a. He may borrow it from his brother.
b. It is possible that he may borrow it from his brother.
Mrs. Green has an awful pain in her stomach. Perhaps she ate too much dinner.
Or perhaps it is her liver. It sometimes gives her trouble, but according to her the feeling
is different. It could be her heart or may be because her skirt is too tight.
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BAB III
EVALUASI
A. TEST
A.1. Performance Test
Dalam evaluasi ini anda diharapkan mampu mengungkapkan tentang
kemungkinan secara spontan tanpa draft berdasarkan situasi yang
diberikan. Ini untuk menguji apakah anda sudah menguasai modul ini.
Situation 1
Ani plays badminton with her younger sister. Suddenly, her racket is
thrown to the glass windows of Mrs. Puji’s home. It is broken into pieces.
You : ………………………………………………………………………………………………
Situation 2
Shinta lives in a small apartment. It’s a dirty apartment. Her neighbors are
noisy. They often turn on the radio at night. She doesn’t want to live in
her apartment anymore.
You : …………………………………………………………………………………………………
A.2 Written Test
Read the following dialogue then retell it using your own
words.
KETUT IS LATE FROM WORK. I WONDER WHERE HE IS.
Alison : Goodness. It’s merely six o’clock. Ketut is late. I wonder where he
is.
Peter : Perhaps the traffic is bad. It often happens at this time of
workdays.
Alison : Yes. He might be working late at the office.
Peter : Yes, or he could have stopped to buy me something.
Alison : The telephone is ringing. It might be him. I’ll get it.
Hello ………….. yes ………..oh I see…………. All right. Goodbye.
Peter : Was that him?
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A. KUNCI JAWABAN
B.1 Performance Test
1. Ani can compensate to buy a new window for her.
2. Shinta will probably move to another apartment.
B.2 Written Test
Ketut is late today. Perhaps the traffic is bad or he might be working late at
the office or he could have stopped to buy Peter something. Suddenly, there is a
call. It might be Ketut.
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BAB IV
PENUTUP
Setelah menyelesaikan semua tugas dan evaluasi di dalam modul ini
dengan benar, Anda diperkenankan untuk melanjutkan ke modul berikutnya
yaitu modul A.14/ 04. Tetapi apabila anda belum berhasil menguasai materi di
dalam modul ini anda harus mengulang kembali mempelajari modul ini.
Sebagai indikasi bahwa anda telah menguasai modul ini, Anda harus
dapat mengungkapkan pendapat tentang kemungkinan secara spontan tanpa
draft berdasarkan situasi yang diberikan. Perhatikan juga cara pengucapan dan
intonasinya yang tepat. Guru pembimbing yang akan menentukan apakah anda
bisa melanjutkan ke modul berikutnya atau tidak.
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Ardjilah, Bernard Pribadi, dkk. 1990. Kompetensi Komunikatif Bahasa Inggris
SMA.
Tim Penyusun. 2003. Bahasa Inggris I SMU. Intan Pariwara: Klaten.
SARAN:
1. Tape script di tugas 1 dan test formatif 1 harus beda,
jangan menggunakan dialog yang sama.
2. yakinkan tpe script dilampirkan di akhir modul ini.
3. Di uraian materi 2, terdapat dialog seperti dibawah ini,
Yeni : Oh. It could be a moth.
Rara : Well. Whatever it is, I certainly can’t ear it.
Apa arti motrh?
I certainly can ear it? Apa maksudnya? Tolong dipertimbangkan.
4. Dalam tugas 2 terdapat latihan berikut:
WHERE IS THE TEACHER?
Lutfi : The teacher is late today? I wonder where he is?
Zaky : He could be ………………………… (sick, on holiday, away).
Lutfi : Yes, perhaps he’s ……………………………….. (at the meeting, at the principal
office, in the staff room, in the cafetaria).
Zaky : Or may be we are ……………………... (early, in the wrong class).
Lutfi : What should we do?
Zaky : Let’s …………………………………………. (wait until he comes, wait for another
five minutes, go and ask the principal’s office).
Pilihan yang diberikan di dalam kurung semua bisa jadi jawaban. Coba
dipertimbangkan untuk diperbaiki.
5. Dalam uraian materi 3 terdapat hal di bawah ini.
Based on the dialogue in B.2.4. , we can make the possibility that has happened
like the following story.
The teacher is late today. He could be away or perhaps he is at the principal’s
office or may be Lutfi and Zaky are at wrong class. So it’s better to go and
ask at the principal’s office.
Kenapa mundur lagi membahas dialog B.2.4., padahal kita udah di B3, kenapa
yang dibahas bukan dialog yang ada di B3 saja. Siswa akan repot bolak-balik
modul. Kenapa membahas dialog B.2.4.lagi, padahal kita udah di B3, kenapa
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yang dibahas bukan dialog yang ada di B3 saja. Siswa akan repot bolak-balik
modul.
Demikian juga dalam Tugas 3, terdapat seperti berikut ini.
Please retell the dialogue on B.2.2 using your own words.
Kenapat tidak membuat dialog baru bagi siswa untuk retell? Kenapa mesti
mundur lagi?
6. Bentuk soal di Bab III Evaluasi terlalu sederhana. Coba
ditambahkan agar siswa bekerja berpasangan membuat
dialog berdasarkan situasi. Ciptakan situasi yang
membawa
anak
membuat
percakapan
dengan
menggunakan expressing possibility.
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